Eagle 2: Building Post-Training Data Strategies from Scratch for Frontier Vision-Language Models Article Swipe

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Zhiqi Li , Chen Guo , Shilong Liu , Shihao Wang , Vibashan VS , Yishen Ji , Shiyi Lan , Hao Zhang , Yilin Zhao , Subhashree Radhakrishnan , Nadine Chang , Karan Sapra , Amala Sanjay Deshmukh , Tuomas Rintamaki , Matthieu Le , Ilia Karmanov , Lukas Voegtle , Philipp M. Fischer , De-An Huang , Timo Roman , Tong Lü , José María Álvarez , Bryan Catanzaro , Jan Kautz , Andrew Tao , Guilin Liu , Zhiding Yu ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.14818

Recently, promising progress has been made by open-source vision-language models (VLMs) in bringing their capabilities closer to those of proprietary frontier models. However, most open-source models only publish their final model weights, leaving the critical details of data strategies and implementation largely opaque. In this work, we address VLM post-training from a data-centric perspective, showing the key role of data strategy in developing frontier VLMs. By studying and building our post-training data strategy from scratch, we share detailed insights into the development processes, aiming to benefit the development of competitive models for the open-source community. Our introduced data strategy, together with training recipes and model design, leads to a family of performant VLMs named Eagle2. Specifically, Eagle2-9B achieves state-of-the-art results across various multimodal benchmarks, matching certain competitive models with up to 70B parameters.

Related Topics

Frontier

Eagle

Scratch (Programming Language)

Computer Science

Artificial Intelligence

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Frontier Eagle Scratch Training (meteorology) Computer science Artificial intelligence Geography Archaeology Geology Programming language Meteorology Paleontology

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Type: preprint
Language: en
Landing Page: http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.14818
PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.14818
OA Status: green
Cited By: 2
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4406879573

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.14818

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Title: Eagle 2: Building Post-Training Data Strategies from Scratch for Frontier Vision-Language Models

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Type: preprint

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Language: en

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Publication year: 2025

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Publication date: 2025-01-20

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Authors: Zhiqi Li, Chen Guo, Shilong Liu, Shihao Wang, Vibashan VS, Yishen Ji, Shiyi Lan, Hao Zhang, Yilin Zhao, Subhashree Radhakrishnan, Nadine Chang, Karan Sapra, Amala Sanjay Deshmukh, Tuomas Rintamaki, Matthieu Le, Ilia Karmanov, Lukas Voegtle, Philipp M. Fischer, De-An Huang, Timo Roman, Tong Lü, José María Álvarez, Bryan Catanzaro, Jan Kautz, Andrew Tao, Guilin Liu, Zhiding Yu

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Landing page: https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.14818

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Concepts: Frontier, Eagle, Scratch, Training (meteorology), Computer science, Artificial intelligence, Geography, Archaeology, Geology, Programming language, Meteorology, Paleontology

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Cited by: 2

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Related works (count): 10

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abstract_inverted_index.has	3
abstract_inverted_index.key	56
abstract_inverted_index.our	69
abstract_inverted_index.the	33, 55, 80, 86, 92
abstract_inverted_index.VLMs	112
abstract_inverted_index.been	4
abstract_inverted_index.data	37, 59, 71, 97
abstract_inverted_index.from	50, 73
abstract_inverted_index.into	79
abstract_inverted_index.made	5
abstract_inverted_index.most	23
abstract_inverted_index.only	26
abstract_inverted_index.role	57
abstract_inverted_index.this	44
abstract_inverted_index.with	100, 128
abstract_inverted_index.VLMs.	64
abstract_inverted_index.final	29
abstract_inverted_index.leads	106
abstract_inverted_index.model	30, 104
abstract_inverted_index.named	113
abstract_inverted_index.share	76
abstract_inverted_index.their	13, 28
abstract_inverted_index.those	17
abstract_inverted_index.work,	45
abstract_inverted_index.(VLMs)	10
abstract_inverted_index.across	120
abstract_inverted_index.aiming	83
abstract_inverted_index.closer	15
abstract_inverted_index.family	109
abstract_inverted_index.models	9, 25, 90, 127
abstract_inverted_index.Eagle2.	114
abstract_inverted_index.address	47
abstract_inverted_index.benefit	85
abstract_inverted_index.certain	125
abstract_inverted_index.design,	105
abstract_inverted_index.details	35
abstract_inverted_index.largely	41
abstract_inverted_index.leaving	32
abstract_inverted_index.models.	21
abstract_inverted_index.opaque.	42
abstract_inverted_index.publish	27
abstract_inverted_index.recipes	102
abstract_inverted_index.results	119
abstract_inverted_index.showing	54
abstract_inverted_index.various	121
abstract_inverted_index.However,	22
abstract_inverted_index.achieves	117
abstract_inverted_index.bringing	12
abstract_inverted_index.building	68
abstract_inverted_index.critical	34
abstract_inverted_index.detailed	77
abstract_inverted_index.frontier	20, 63
abstract_inverted_index.insights	78
abstract_inverted_index.matching	124
abstract_inverted_index.progress	2
abstract_inverted_index.scratch,	74
abstract_inverted_index.strategy	60, 72
abstract_inverted_index.studying	66
abstract_inverted_index.together	99
abstract_inverted_index.training	101
abstract_inverted_index.weights,	31
abstract_inverted_index.Eagle2-9B	116
abstract_inverted_index.Recently,	0
abstract_inverted_index.promising	1
abstract_inverted_index.strategy,	98
abstract_inverted_index.community.	94
abstract_inverted_index.developing	62
abstract_inverted_index.introduced	96
abstract_inverted_index.multimodal	122
abstract_inverted_index.performant	111
abstract_inverted_index.processes,	82
abstract_inverted_index.strategies	38
abstract_inverted_index.benchmarks,	123
abstract_inverted_index.competitive	89, 126
abstract_inverted_index.development	81, 87
abstract_inverted_index.open-source	7, 24, 93
abstract_inverted_index.parameters.	132
abstract_inverted_index.proprietary	19
abstract_inverted_index.capabilities	14
abstract_inverted_index.data-centric	52
abstract_inverted_index.perspective,	53
abstract_inverted_index.Specifically,	115
abstract_inverted_index.post-training	49, 70
abstract_inverted_index.implementation	40
abstract_inverted_index.vision-language	8
abstract_inverted_index.state-of-the-art	118
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	27
citation_normalized_percentile