EARLY STUDY OF BIOCHARCOAL QUALITY FROM POULTRY LIVESTOCK WASTE Article Swipe
Dwi Anna Anggorowati
,
Faidliyah Nilna Minah
,
Anis Artayani
,
Lalu Mustiadi
·
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523
Bio charcoal is one type of fuel in the form of charcoal made from various kinds of biological or biomass material, which includes agricultural waste, forestry waste, agro-industrial waste, animal waste from livestock waste. Bio charcoal is produced from the carbonization process or the charcoal process of materials containing carbon (biomass). One of the biomass that has the potential to be used as raw material for bio charcoal is poultry manure originating from poultry livestock waste. The composition of poultry livestock waste (chicken manure) is crude protein by 9.97-12.67% and crude fiber by 30.36-32.65. This study aims to determine the optimal carbonization temperature and particle size in the carbonization process so that optimal Fixed Carbon level can be obtained by using variations in the size of Chicken Manure Particles, namely: 30 mesh, 40 mesh, 50 mesh, and Charcoal temperature: 200, 225, 250, 275 and 300° C. Stages of the process carried out is drying chicken manure to the weight of constant chicken manure (water content < 10%) and then mashed and sieved to sizes of 30, 40, and 50 mesh and the last stage is the charcoal process of chicken manure with variations in temperature of 200, 225, 250, 275, and 300° C until the perfect charcoal process. From this study, the best parameter is obtained at 350° C and 50 mesh particle size with 45% Fixed Carbon content, 3.26% moisture content, 41% ash content, and volatile matter content 22%.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523
- https://ejournal.itn.ac.id/index.php/JSTAS/article/download/2523/2106
- OA Status
- diamond
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3026117406
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W3026117406Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
EARLY STUDY OF BIOCHARCOAL QUALITY FROM POULTRY LIVESTOCK WASTEWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2020Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2020-05-06Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Dwi Anna Anggorowati, Faidliyah Nilna Minah, Anis Artayani, Lalu MustiadiList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://ejournal.itn.ac.id/index.php/JSTAS/article/download/2523/2106Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
diamondOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://ejournal.itn.ac.id/index.php/JSTAS/article/download/2523/2106Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Charcoal, Carbonization, Chicken manure, Raw material, Biomass (ecology), Pulp and paper industry, Manure, Environmental science, Waste management, Carbon fibers, Livestock, Chemistry, Agronomy, Materials science, Adsorption, Biology, Composite material, Ecology, Engineering, Composite number, Organic chemistryTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W3026117406 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523 |
| ids.mag | 3026117406 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W3026117406 |
| fwci | 0.0 |
| type | article |
| title | EARLY STUDY OF BIOCHARCOAL QUALITY FROM POULTRY LIVESTOCK WASTE |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | 1 |
| biblio.last_page | 12 |
| biblio.first_page | 7 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T14505 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| topics[0].score | 0.9664000272750854 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1100 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | General Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| topics[0].display_name | Natural Products and Applications |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C526406351 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8632656931877136 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177463 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Charcoal |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C154877778 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7844698429107666 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2630655 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Carbonization |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C2780119549 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6654020547866821 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12054746 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Chicken manure |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C206139338 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6600242853164673 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Raw material |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C115540264 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.6584709286689758 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Biomass (ecology) |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C528095902 |
| concepts[5].level | 1 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.6167600154876709 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Pulp and paper industry |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C38304854 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5962380170822144 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185716 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Manure |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C39432304 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.5062702894210815 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Environmental science |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C548081761 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4922143518924713 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Waste management |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C140205800 |
| concepts[9].level | 3 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.44572368264198303 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Carbon fibers |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C112964050 |
| concepts[10].level | 2 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.442410409450531 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103459 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Livestock |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C185592680 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.28003495931625366 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Chemistry |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C6557445 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.2479986548423767 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Agronomy |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C192562407 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.23917368054389954 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Materials science |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C150394285 |
| concepts[14].level | 2 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.12227877974510193 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Adsorption |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0928630530834198 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C159985019 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.06545019149780273 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Composite material |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C18903297 |
| concepts[17].level | 1 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.05609139800071716 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Ecology |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[18].level | 0 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C104779481 |
| concepts[19].level | 2 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Composite number |
| concepts[20].id | https://openalex.org/C178790620 |
| concepts[20].level | 1 |
| concepts[20].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[20].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351 |
| concepts[20].display_name | Organic chemistry |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/charcoal |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8632656931877136 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Charcoal |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonization |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7844698429107666 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Carbonization |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chicken-manure |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6654020547866821 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Chicken manure |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-material |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6600242853164673 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Raw material |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass |
| keywords[4].score | 0.6584709286689758 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Biomass (ecology) |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pulp-and-paper-industry |
| keywords[5].score | 0.6167600154876709 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Pulp and paper industry |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/manure |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5962380170822144 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Manure |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science |
| keywords[7].score | 0.5062702894210815 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Environmental science |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-management |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4922143518924713 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Waste management |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fibers |
| keywords[9].score | 0.44572368264198303 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Carbon fibers |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/livestock |
| keywords[10].score | 0.442410409450531 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Livestock |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry |
| keywords[11].score | 0.28003495931625366 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Chemistry |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy |
| keywords[12].score | 0.2479986548423767 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Agronomy |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science |
| keywords[13].score | 0.23917368054389954 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Materials science |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/adsorption |
| keywords[14].score | 0.12227877974510193 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Adsorption |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biology |
| keywords[15].score | 0.0928630530834198 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[16].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material |
| keywords[16].score | 0.06545019149780273 |
| keywords[16].display_name | Composite material |
| keywords[17].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology |
| keywords[17].score | 0.05609139800071716 |
| keywords[17].display_name | Ecology |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210204407 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2722-2403 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2722-2403 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | False |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Journal of Sustainable Technology and Applied Science (JSTAS) |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://ejournal.itn.ac.id/index.php/JSTAS/article/download/2523/2106 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Journal of Sustainable Technology and Applied Science (JSTAS) |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5091456687 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Dwi Anna Anggorowati |
| authorships[0].countries | ID |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01bdmvf66 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | ID |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Dwi Anna Anggorowati |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5057661668 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Faidliyah Nilna Minah |
| authorships[1].countries | ID |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology Industri, Institut Teknologi Nasional, Malang, Indonesia |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01bdmvf66 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | ID |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Faidliyah N. Minah |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology Industri, Institut Teknologi Nasional, Malang, Indonesia |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5057722213 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Anis Artayani |
| authorships[2].countries | ID |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Nasional, Malang, Indonesia |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01bdmvf66 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | ID |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Anis Artayani |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Nasional, Malang, Indonesia |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5007797782 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Lalu Mustiadi |
| authorships[3].countries | ID |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Nasional, Malang, Indonesia |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01bdmvf66 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210103127 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | ID |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang |
| authorships[3].author_position | last |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Lalu Mustiadi |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Nasional, Malang, Indonesia |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://ejournal.itn.ac.id/index.php/JSTAS/article/download/2523/2106 |
| open_access.oa_status | diamond |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | EARLY STUDY OF BIOCHARCOAL QUALITY FROM POULTRY LIVESTOCK WASTE |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T14505 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9664000272750854 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1100 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | General Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| primary_topic.display_name | Natural Products and Applications |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W1526641610, https://openalex.org/W1972159579, https://openalex.org/W3131330276, https://openalex.org/W2382952751, https://openalex.org/W2461088821, https://openalex.org/W3154339223, https://openalex.org/W3170306401, https://openalex.org/W2906155377, https://openalex.org/W4386749524, https://openalex.org/W2324543715 |
| cited_by_count | 0 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210204407 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2722-2403 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2722-2403 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | False |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Journal of Sustainable Technology and Applied Science (JSTAS) |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://ejournal.itn.ac.id/index.php/JSTAS/article/download/2523/2106 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Sustainable Technology and Applied Science (JSTAS) |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210204407 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2722-2403 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2722-2403 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | False |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Journal of Sustainable Technology and Applied Science (JSTAS) |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://ejournal.itn.ac.id/index.php/JSTAS/article/download/2523/2106 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Sustainable Technology and Applied Science (JSTAS) |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v1i1.2523 |
| publication_date | 2020-05-06 |
| publication_year | 2020 |
| referenced_works_count | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.C | 202, 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.30 | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.40 | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.50 | 134, 178, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.C. | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 60, 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 87, 92, 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 7, 106, 122, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 2, 36, 68, 84, 152, 184, 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 5, 10, 16, 46, 52, 78, 125, 147, 159, 174, 188, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 18, 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.so | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 59, 97, 156, 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.275 | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.30, | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.40, | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.41% | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.45% | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Bio | 0, 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.One | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 89, 103, 136, 143, 167, 170, 177, 180, 200, 219, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ash | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bio | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.out | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.raw | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 8, 39, 43, 53, 57, 99, 107, 123, 148, 157, 181, 185, 204, 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.< | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10%) | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.200, | 139, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.22%. | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.225, | 140, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.250, | 141, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.275, | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.From | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aims | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.best | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.form | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 13, 31, 38, 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fuel | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.last | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.made | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mesh | 179, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.size | 105, 124, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 55, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.then | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.type | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 191, 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3.26% | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.300° | 144, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.350° | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Fixed | 113, 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.crude | 85, 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fiber | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.kinds | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.level | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mesh, | 131, 133, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sizes | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stage | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.until | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.waste | 30, 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(water | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Carbon | 114, 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Manure | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Stages | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.animal | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.carbon | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drying | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.manure | 70, 155, 162, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mashed | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.matter | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sieved | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study, | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.waste, | 24, 26, 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.waste. | 33, 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.weight | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Chicken | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biomass | 19, 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.carried | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chicken | 154, 161, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.content | 164, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.manure) | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.namely: | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimal | 100, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perfect | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.poultry | 69, 73, 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.process | 41, 45, 109, 149, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protein | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.various | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(chicken | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Charcoal | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.charcoal | 1, 11, 35, 44, 67, 186, 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.constant | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.content, | 228, 231, 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.forestry | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.includes | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.material | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.moisture | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.obtained | 118, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particle | 104, 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.process. | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.produced | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.volatile | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determine | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.livestock | 32, 74, 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.material, | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.materials | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parameter | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(biomass). | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Particles, | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biological | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.containing | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variations | 121, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.9.97-12.67% | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.composition | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.originating | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.temperature | 102, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.30.36-32.65. | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agricultural | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.temperature: | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.carbonization | 40, 101, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agro-industrial | 27 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 4 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.5199999809265137 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Responsible consumption and production |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.07228183 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |