Effects of Cocoa Consumption on Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Article Swipe
Tainah O. P. Arisi
,
Diego Silva
,
Elana Stein
,
Camila Weschenfelder
,
Patrícia Caetano de Oliveira
,
Aline Marcadenti
,
Alexandre Machado Lehnen
,
Gustavo Waclawovsky
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121919
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121919
Background: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effect of dietary intake of cocoa on anthropometric measurements, lipid and glycemic profiles, and blood pressure levels in adults, with and without comorbidities. Methods: The databases used were MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS, and SciELO. The eligible studies were randomized clinical trials (RCTs) involving adults undergoing cocoa consumption (cocoa extract or ≥70% cocoa dark chocolate) for ≥4 weeks that evaluated at least one of the following markers: body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist/abdominal circumference, total cholesterol, LDL-c, triglycerides, HDL-c, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP). Results: Thirty-one studies were included, totaling 1986 participants. Cocoa consumption showed no effects on body weight, BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL-c and HbA1c. Yet, there was a reduction in total cholesterol (−8.35 mg/dL, 95% CI −14.01; −2.69 mg/dL), LDL-c (−9.47 mg/dL, 95% CI −13.75; −5.20 mg/dL), fasting blood glucose (−4.91 mg/dL, 95% CI −8.29; −1.52 mg/dL), SBP (−2.52 mmHg, 95% CI −4.17; −0.88 mmHg), and DBP (−1.58 mmHg, 95% CI −2.54; −0.62 mmHg). Conclusions: The consumption of cocoa showed protective effects on major cardiometabolic risk markers that have a clinical impact in terms of cardiovascular risk reduction.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- review
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121919
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/12/1919/pdf?version=1718692294
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 5
- References
- 85
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4399785027
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4399785027Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121919Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Effects of Cocoa Consumption on Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled TrialsWork title
- Type
-
reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-06-18Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Tainah O. P. Arisi, Diego Silva, Elana Stein, Camila Weschenfelder, Patrícia Caetano de Oliveira, Aline Marcadenti, Alexandre Machado Lehnen, Gustavo WaclawovskyList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121919Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/12/1919/pdf?version=1718692294Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/12/1919/pdf?version=1718692294Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Medicine, Glycated hemoglobin, Blood pressure, Waist, Internal medicine, Body mass index, Randomized controlled trial, Glycemic, Lipid profile, Metabolic syndrome, Diabetes mellitus, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Cholesterol, Obesity, Type 2 diabetes, InsulinTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
5Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 5Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
85Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.at | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 28, 134, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.no | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 12, 15, 43, 77, 182, 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 17, 119, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.95% | 139, 147, 157, 165, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.DBP | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SBP | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 35, 49, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Web | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 6, 21, 24, 31, 47, 99, 101, 127, 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 10, 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1986 | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.BMI, | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Yet, | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.body | 81, 83, 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dark | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mass | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.risk | 190, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 72, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 38, 52, 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.≥4 | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Cocoa | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HDL-c | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LDL-c | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.blood | 25, 94, 103, 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cocoa | 16, 60, 66, 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.index | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.least | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lipid | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.major | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mmHg, | 164, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.terms | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.there | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.total | 89, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.waist | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.weeks | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(BMI), | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(RCTs) | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(cocoa | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HDL-c, | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HbA1c. | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LDL-c, | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adults | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effect | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impact | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intake | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mg/dL, | 138, 146, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mmHg), | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mmHg). | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 116, 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trials | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.≥70% | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.EMBASE, | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LILACS, | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MEDLINE | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SciELO. | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adults, | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dietary | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 118, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examine | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extract | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fasting | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.glucose | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.markers | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mg/dL), | 143, 151, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies | 51, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.weight, | 82, 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.without | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−0.62 | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−0.88 | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−1.52 | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−2.69 | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−5.20 | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(HbA1c), | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(−1.58 | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(−2.52 | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(−4.91 | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(−8.35 | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(−9.47 | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods: | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results: | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Science, | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clinical | 54, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.eligible | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.glucose, | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.glycated | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.glycemic | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.markers: | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pressure | 26, 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systolic | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.totaling | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−2.54; | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−4.17; | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−8.29; | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(PubMed), | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Cochrane, | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.databases | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diastolic | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.following | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included, | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.involving | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profiles, | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduction | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−13.75; | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−14.01; | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SBP/DBP). | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Thirty-one | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chocolate) | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hemoglobin | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protective | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.randomized | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduction. | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systematic | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.undergoing | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background: | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cholesterol | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consumption | 61, 115, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions: | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cholesterol, | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurements, | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.meta-analysis | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants. | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anthropometric | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cardiovascular | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.circumference, | 88, 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comorbidities. | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.triglycerides, | 92, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cardiometabolic | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.waist/abdominal | 87 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5043549286 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 8 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210113197 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.79352386 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |