Elastic scattering spectroscopy for early detection of breast cancer: partially supervised Bayesian image classification of scanned sentinel lymph nodes Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2018
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a standard diagnosis procedure to determine whether breast cancer has spread to the lymph glands in the armpit (the axillary nodes). The metastatic status of the sentinel node (the first node in the axillary chain that drains the affected breast) is the determining factor in surgery between conservative lumpectomy and more radical mastectomy including axillary node excision. The traditional assessment of the node requires sample preparation and pathologist interpretation. An automated elastic scattering spectroscopy (ESS) scanning device was constructed to take measurements from the entire cut surface of the excised sentinel node and to produce ESS images for cancer diagnosis. Here, we report on a partially supervised image classification scheme employing a Bayesian multivariate, finite mixture model with a Markov random field (MRF) spatial prior. A reduced dimensional space was applied to represent the scanning data of the node by a statistical image, in which normal, metastatic, and nonnodal-tissue pixels are identified. Our results show that our model enables rapid imaging of lymph nodes. It can be used to recognize nonnodal areas automatically at the same time as diagnosing sentinel node metastases with sensitivity and specificity of 85% and 94%, respectively. ESS images can help surgeons by providing a reliable and rapid intraoperative determination of sentinel nodal metastases in breast cancer.
Related Topics
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004
- https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/journal-of-biomedical-optics/volume-23/issue-8/085004/Elastic-scattering-spectroscopy-for-early-detection-of-breast-cancer/10.1117/1.JBO.23.8.085004.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 8
- References
- 31
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W2902090868
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W2902090868Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Elastic scattering spectroscopy for early detection of breast cancer: partially supervised Bayesian image classification of scanned sentinel lymph nodesWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2018Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2018-08-21Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Ying Zhu, Tom Fearn, D. W. Chicken, Martin Zaltz Austwick, Santosh K. Somasundaram, Charles A. Mosse, Benjamin R. Clark, Irving J. Bigio, Mohammed Keshtgar, Stephen G. BownList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/journal-of-biomedical-optics/volume-23/issue-8/085004/Elastic-scattering-spectroscopy-for-early-detection-of-breast-cancer/10.1117/1.JBO.23.8.085004.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/journal-of-biomedical-optics/volume-23/issue-8/085004/Elastic-scattering-spectroscopy-for-early-detection-of-breast-cancer/10.1117/1.JBO.23.8.085004.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Lumpectomy, Breast cancer, Sentinel node, Sentinel lymph node, Medicine, Lymph node, Node (physics), Radiology, Mastectomy, Artificial intelligence, Computer science, Cancer, Pathology, Internal medicine, Physics, Quantum mechanicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
8Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1, 2024: 1, 2023: 2, 2022: 2, 2021: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
31Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W2902090868 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004 |
| ids.mag | 2902090868 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30132305 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W2902090868 |
| fwci | 0.18096082 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D001499 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Bayes Theorem |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | Q000000981 |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D001943 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | diagnostic imaging |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Breast Neoplasms |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D001943 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Breast Neoplasms |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D055088 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Early Detection of Cancer |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D054459 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Elasticity Imaging Techniques |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D007090 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D008390 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Markov Chains |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D025341 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Principal Component Analysis |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D012680 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Sensitivity and Specificity |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | Q000000981 |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D000071036 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | diagnostic imaging |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Sentinel Lymph Node |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D000071036 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Sentinel Lymph Node |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D013057 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Spectrum Analysis |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D001499 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Bayes Theorem |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | Q000000981 |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D001943 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | diagnostic imaging |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Breast Neoplasms |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D001943 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Breast Neoplasms |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D055088 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Early Detection of Cancer |
| mesh[18].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[18].descriptor_ui | D054459 |
| mesh[18].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[18].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[18].descriptor_name | Elasticity Imaging Techniques |
| mesh[19].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[19].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[19].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[20].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[20].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[20].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[21].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[21].descriptor_ui | D007090 |
| mesh[21].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[21].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[21].descriptor_name | Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted |
| mesh[22].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_ui | D008390 |
| mesh[22].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[22].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_name | Markov Chains |
| mesh[23].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_ui | D025341 |
| mesh[23].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[23].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_name | Principal Component Analysis |
| mesh[24].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_ui | D012680 |
| mesh[24].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[24].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_name | Sensitivity and Specificity |
| mesh[25].qualifier_ui | Q000000981 |
| mesh[25].descriptor_ui | D000071036 |
| mesh[25].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[25].qualifier_name | diagnostic imaging |
| mesh[25].descriptor_name | Sentinel Lymph Node |
| mesh[26].qualifier_ui | Q000473 |
| mesh[26].descriptor_ui | D000071036 |
| mesh[26].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[26].qualifier_name | pathology |
| mesh[26].descriptor_name | Sentinel Lymph Node |
| mesh[27].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[27].descriptor_ui | D013057 |
| mesh[27].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[27].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[27].descriptor_name | Spectrum Analysis |
| type | article |
| title | Elastic scattering spectroscopy for early detection of breast cancer: partially supervised Bayesian image classification of scanned sentinel lymph nodes |
| biblio.issue | 08 |
| biblio.volume | 23 |
| biblio.last_page | 1 |
| biblio.first_page | 1 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10183 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| topics[0].score | 0.9932000041007996 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1306 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Cancer Research |
| topics[0].display_name | Breast Cancer Treatment Studies |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10727 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.991100013256073 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2741 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging |
| topics[1].display_name | Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10862 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/17 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Computer Science |
| topics[2].score | 0.9836000204086304 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1702 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Artificial Intelligence |
| topics[2].display_name | AI in cancer detection |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 1675 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 1675 |
| apc_paid.value | 1675 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 1675 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2779572924 |
| concepts[0].level | 5 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.6883810758590698 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q542022 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Lumpectomy |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C530470458 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6551005244255066 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Breast cancer |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C179671157 |
| concepts[2].level | 4 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6480484008789062 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2422612 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Sentinel node |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2780212769 |
| concepts[3].level | 4 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6140735745429993 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q776290 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Sentinel lymph node |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[4].level | 0 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5960033535957336 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C2780849966 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5124276280403137 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170758 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Lymph node |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C62611344 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4411458373069763 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Node (physics) |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C126838900 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4278528392314911 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Radiology |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C2777757722 |
| concepts[8].level | 4 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4122128486633301 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848318 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Mastectomy |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C154945302 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.36187243461608887 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.3165047764778137 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C121608353 |
| concepts[11].level | 2 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.30008256435394287 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Cancer |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C142724271 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.2753749489784241 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Pathology |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.10352006554603577 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[14].level | 0 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.0811215341091156 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C62520636 |
| concepts[15].level | 1 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Quantum mechanics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/lumpectomy |
| keywords[0].score | 0.6883810758590698 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Lumpectomy |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6551005244255066 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Breast cancer |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sentinel-node |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6480484008789062 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Sentinel node |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sentinel-lymph-node |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6140735745429993 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Sentinel lymph node |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5960033535957336 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/lymph-node |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5124276280403137 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Lymph node |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/node |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4411458373069763 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Node (physics) |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4278528392314911 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Radiology |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mastectomy |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4122128486633301 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Mastectomy |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence |
| keywords[9].score | 0.36187243461608887 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[10].score | 0.3165047764778137 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer |
| keywords[11].score | 0.30008256435394287 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Cancer |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology |
| keywords[12].score | 0.2753749489784241 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Pathology |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[13].score | 0.10352006554603577 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physics |
| keywords[14].score | 0.0811215341091156 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Physics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S117354312 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1083-3668, 1560-2281 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1083-3668 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Journal of Biomedical Optics |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310315543 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | SPIE |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310315543 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | SPIE |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/journal-of-biomedical-optics/volume-23/issue-8/085004/Elastic-scattering-spectroscopy-for-early-detection-of-breast-cancer/10.1117/1.JBO.23.8.085004.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Journal of Biomedical Optics |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:30132305 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Journal of biomedical optics |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30132305 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10054785 |
| locations[2].is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400024 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | UCL Discovery (University College London) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | University College London |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Article |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Journal of Biomedical Optics , 23 (8) , Article 085004. (2018) |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10054785/ |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8357191 |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].license | |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | J Biomed Opt |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8357191 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5004053740 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3738-598X |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Ying Zhu |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | National Institute of Education (Singapore) |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Zhu Ying |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | National Institute of Education (Singapore) |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5063785042 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2222-6601 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Tom Fearn |
| authorships[1].countries | GB |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Tom Fearn |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5112523771 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | D. W. Chicken |
| authorships[2].countries | GB |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | D. Wayne Chicken |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5005955463 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2351-519X |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Martin Zaltz Austwick |
| authorships[3].countries | GB |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Martin R. Austwick |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5089344885 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0776-4786 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Santosh K. Somasundaram |
| authorships[4].countries | GB |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Santosh K. Somasundaram |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5011689899 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8440-5942 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Charles A. Mosse |
| authorships[5].countries | GB |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Charles A. Mosse |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5025717652 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8987-7092 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Benjamin R. Clark |
| authorships[6].countries | GB |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Benjamin Clark |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5029521419 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4168-1466 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Irving J. Bigio |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Boston Univ. (United States) |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Irving J. Bigio |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Boston Univ. (United States) |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5110304955 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Mohammed Keshtgar |
| authorships[8].countries | GB |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Mohammed R. S. Keshtgar |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5058433239 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-9303 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Stephen G. Bown |
| authorships[9].countries | GB |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02jx3x895 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124357947, https://openalex.org/I45129253 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | University College London |
| authorships[9].author_position | last |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Stephen G. Bown |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Univ. College London (United Kingdom) |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/journal-of-biomedical-optics/volume-23/issue-8/085004/Elastic-scattering-spectroscopy-for-early-detection-of-breast-cancer/10.1117/1.JBO.23.8.085004.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2018-12-11T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Elastic scattering spectroscopy for early detection of breast cancer: partially supervised Bayesian image classification of scanned sentinel lymph nodes |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10183 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9932000041007996 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1306 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Cancer Research |
| primary_topic.display_name | Breast Cancer Treatment Studies |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W3154886299, https://openalex.org/W2078213965, https://openalex.org/W2399993618, https://openalex.org/W2115813045, https://openalex.org/W2064553916, https://openalex.org/W2088145850, https://openalex.org/W3037795417, https://openalex.org/W4320064061, https://openalex.org/W2083121247, https://openalex.org/W2094084698 |
| cited_by_count | 8 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[5].year | 2020 |
| counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S117354312 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1083-3668, 1560-2281 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1083-3668 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Journal of Biomedical Optics |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310315543 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | SPIE |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310315543 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | SPIE |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/journal-of-biomedical-optics/volume-23/issue-8/085004/Elastic-scattering-spectroscopy-for-early-detection-of-breast-cancer/10.1117/1.JBO.23.8.085004.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Biomedical Optics |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S117354312 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1083-3668, 1560-2281 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1083-3668 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Journal of Biomedical Optics |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310315543 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | SPIE |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310315543 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | SPIE |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/journal-of-biomedical-optics/volume-23/issue-8/085004/Elastic-scattering-spectroscopy-for-early-detection-of-breast-cancer/10.1117/1.JBO.23.8.085004.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Biomedical Optics |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.23.8.085004 |
| publication_date | 2018-08-21 |
| publication_year | 2018 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2022930703, https://openalex.org/W2115527491, https://openalex.org/W1810166418, https://openalex.org/W2071500371, https://openalex.org/W2162563362, https://openalex.org/W4248981944, https://openalex.org/W2007183542, https://openalex.org/W2159138531, https://openalex.org/W2019436076, https://openalex.org/W2189916683, https://openalex.org/W1986521854, https://openalex.org/W2092896850, https://openalex.org/W2049813795, https://openalex.org/W2127929327, https://openalex.org/W6746712410, https://openalex.org/W2109606373, https://openalex.org/W2016090370, https://openalex.org/W6605452006, https://openalex.org/W2144675138, https://openalex.org/W2020999234, https://openalex.org/W6633362792, https://openalex.org/W2092456117, https://openalex.org/W1979409297, https://openalex.org/W2095946239, https://openalex.org/W6638555172, https://openalex.org/W4255137887, https://openalex.org/W1964460372, https://openalex.org/W2754855139, https://openalex.org/W135407696, https://openalex.org/W2775924590, https://openalex.org/W1554544485 |
| referenced_works_count | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 5, 109, 116, 123, 145, 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.An | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.It | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 144, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 20, 36, 49, 148, 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 4, 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 29, 65, 92, 141, 166, 191, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 9, 16, 84, 98, 136, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.85% | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ESS | 100, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Our | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 26, 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 54, 71, 97, 152, 189, 193, 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 170, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cut | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 17, 21, 30, 37, 42, 46, 66, 88, 93, 138, 142, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 82, 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(the | 23, 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.94%, | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.help | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.more | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.node | 2, 32, 35, 60, 67, 96, 143, 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.same | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.show | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.take | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 40, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 122, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(ESS) | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(MRF) | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Here, | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.areas | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chain | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.field | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.first | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.image | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lymph | 1, 18, 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 121, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nodal | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rapid | 164, 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.space | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Markov | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.armpit | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biopsy | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.breast | 12, 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cancer | 13, 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.device | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drains | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.entire | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factor | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.finite | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.glands | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.image, | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.images | 101, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nodes. | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pixels | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prior. | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.random | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.report | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sample | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scheme | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spread | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.status | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applied | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.breast) | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cancer. | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.elastic | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enables | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.excised | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.imaging | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mixture | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nodes). | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.normal, | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.produce | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.radical | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduced | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spatial | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surface | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surgery | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whether | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Bayesian | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Sentinel | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.affected | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.axillary | 24, 38, 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nonnodal | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reliable | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.requires | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scanning | 80, 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sentinel | 31, 95, 184, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.standard | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surgeons | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.automated | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determine | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diagnosis | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.employing | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.excision. | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.partially | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.procedure | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.providing | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recognize | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.represent | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessment | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diagnosing | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diagnosis. | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lumpectomy | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mastectomy | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metastases | 186, 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metastatic | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scattering | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.supervised | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.constructed | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determining | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dimensional | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified. | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metastatic, | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pathologist | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.preparation | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sensitivity | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.specificity | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.statistical | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.traditional | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conservative | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurements | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectroscopy | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.automatically | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determination | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multivariate, | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respectively. | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.classification | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intraoperative | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interpretation. | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nonnodal-tissue | 153 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 96 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 10 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.800000011920929 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.48891794 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |