Empirical Evidence of Reduced Wildfire Ignition Risk in the Presence of Strong Winds Article Swipe
Assaf Shmuel
,
Eyal Heifetz
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338
Anyone who has tried lighting a campfire on a windy day can appreciate how difficult it could be. However, despite real-life experience and despite laboratory experiments which have demonstrated that fire ignition risk dramatically decreases beyond a certain wind threshold, current fire weather indices (FWIs) do not take this effect into account and assume a monotonic relation between wind velocity and ignition risk. In this paper, we perform a global analysis which empirically quantifies the probability of ignition as a function of wind velocity. Using both traditional methods (a logistic regression and a generalized additive model) and machine learning techniques, we find that beyond a threshold of approximately 3–4 m/s, the ignition risk substantially decreases. The effect holds when accounting for additional factors such as temperature and relative humidity. We recommend updating FWIs to account for this issue.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338
- https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/9/338/pdf?version=1693296915
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 33
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4386256566
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4386256566Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Empirical Evidence of Reduced Wildfire Ignition Risk in the Presence of Strong WindsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-08-29Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Assaf Shmuel, Eyal HeifetzList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/9/338/pdf?version=1693296915Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/9/338/pdf?version=1693296915Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Ignition system, Meteorology, Wind speed, Environmental science, Logistic regression, Function (biology), Relative humidity, Econometrics, Atmospheric sciences, Statistics, Geography, Mathematics, Engineering, Geology, Aerospace engineering, Biology, Evolutionary biologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
1Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2024: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
33Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4386256566 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4386256566 |
| fwci | 0.20300701 |
| type | article |
| title | Empirical Evidence of Reduced Wildfire Ignition Risk in the Presence of Strong Winds |
| biblio.issue | 9 |
| biblio.volume | 6 |
| biblio.last_page | 338 |
| biblio.first_page | 338 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10555 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[0].score | 1.0 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2306 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Global and Planetary Change |
| topics[0].display_name | Fire effects on ecosystems |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10930 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[1].score | 0.9954000115394592 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2306 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Global and Planetary Change |
| topics[1].display_name | Flood Risk Assessment and Management |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11371 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[2].score | 0.9908000230789185 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2305 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Environmental Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Wind and Air Flow Studies |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 1800 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 1949 |
| apc_paid.value | 1800 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 1949 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C159063594 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8315767049789429 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q248382 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Ignition system |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C153294291 |
| concepts[1].level | 1 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6557260155677795 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Meteorology |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C161067210 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6529412865638733 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Wind speed |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C39432304 |
| concepts[3].level | 0 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5868648290634155 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Environmental science |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C151956035 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5320352911949158 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Logistic regression |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C14036430 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4493088722229004 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Function (biology) |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C158960510 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.43946871161460876 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Relative humidity |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C149782125 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.41988953948020935 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Econometrics |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C91586092 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.36936262249946594 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Atmospheric sciences |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C105795698 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.27058112621307373 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Statistics |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C205649164 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.25104886293411255 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Geography |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.21751409769058228 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Mathematics |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[12].level | 0 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.16490361094474792 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C127313418 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.15849515795707703 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Geology |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C146978453 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.10298934578895569 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Aerospace engineering |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C78458016 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Evolutionary biology |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ignition-system |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8315767049789429 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Ignition system |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6557260155677795 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Meteorology |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6529412865638733 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Wind speed |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5868648290634155 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Environmental science |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-regression |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5320352911949158 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Logistic regression |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/function |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4493088722229004 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Function (biology) |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-humidity |
| keywords[6].score | 0.43946871161460876 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Relative humidity |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics |
| keywords[7].score | 0.41988953948020935 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Econometrics |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences |
| keywords[8].score | 0.36936262249946594 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Atmospheric sciences |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics |
| keywords[9].score | 0.27058112621307373 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Statistics |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geography |
| keywords[10].score | 0.25104886293411255 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Geography |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics |
| keywords[11].score | 0.21751409769058228 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Mathematics |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[12].score | 0.16490361094474792 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geology |
| keywords[13].score | 0.15849515795707703 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Geology |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering |
| keywords[14].score | 0.10298934578895569 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Aerospace engineering |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/fire6090338 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210172554 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2571-6255 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2571-6255 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Fire |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/9/338/pdf?version=1693296915 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Fire |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4d61581b9b104039be4460a4387220a9 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Fire, Vol 6, Iss 9, p 338 (2023) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/4d61581b9b104039be4460a4387220a9 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2571-6255/6/9/338/ |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400947 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | MDPI (MDPI AG) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Fire |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5037469336 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1794-9381 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Assaf Shmuel |
| authorships[0].countries | IL |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I16391192 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Geophysics, Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I16391192 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04mhzgx49 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I16391192 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | IL |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Tel Aviv University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Assaf Shmuel |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Geophysics, Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5038202730 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3584-3978 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Eyal Heifetz |
| authorships[1].countries | IL |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I16391192 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Geophysics, Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I16391192 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04mhzgx49 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I16391192 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | IL |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Tel Aviv University |
| authorships[1].author_position | last |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Eyal Heifetz |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Geophysics, Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/9/338/pdf?version=1693296915 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Empirical Evidence of Reduced Wildfire Ignition Risk in the Presence of Strong Winds |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10555 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| primary_topic.score | 1.0 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2306 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Global and Planetary Change |
| primary_topic.display_name | Fire effects on ecosystems |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2086997807, https://openalex.org/W2369482644, https://openalex.org/W2387657553, https://openalex.org/W1964800836, https://openalex.org/W2385203707, https://openalex.org/W4390154551, https://openalex.org/W3148160511, https://openalex.org/W2372656881, https://openalex.org/W2106838884, https://openalex.org/W2092714726 |
| cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/fire6090338 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210172554 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2571-6255 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2571-6255 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Fire |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/9/338/pdf?version=1693296915 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Fire |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/fire6090338 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210172554 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2571-6255 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2571-6255 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Fire |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/9/338/pdf?version=1693296915 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Fire |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6090338 |
| publication_date | 2023-08-29 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2802882664, https://openalex.org/W2044597224, https://openalex.org/W2884889217, https://openalex.org/W2942047909, https://openalex.org/W6724068095, https://openalex.org/W2400329152, https://openalex.org/W2055986463, https://openalex.org/W2175686734, https://openalex.org/W2050974089, https://openalex.org/W4391577328, https://openalex.org/W2054037016, https://openalex.org/W1995291025, https://openalex.org/W2032392718, https://openalex.org/W2127937824, https://openalex.org/W2963587874, https://openalex.org/W2888547716, https://openalex.org/W1965287960, https://openalex.org/W3178866015, https://openalex.org/W3217694144, https://openalex.org/W2991126022, https://openalex.org/W3025949386, https://openalex.org/W2732607881, https://openalex.org/W4256049924, https://openalex.org/W2498119267, https://openalex.org/W1981903823, https://openalex.org/W4238293282, https://openalex.org/W2295598076, https://openalex.org/W1678356000, https://openalex.org/W2070493638, https://openalex.org/W3006063106, https://openalex.org/W2996705655, https://openalex.org/W6675354045, https://openalex.org/W2101234009 |
| referenced_works_count | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 5, 8, 36, 54, 68, 79, 92, 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(a | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 78, 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.do | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.it | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 76, 81, 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 66, 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 22, 52, 60, 91, 96, 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be. | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.day | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 120, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.how | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 74, 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.who | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.FWIs | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.find | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fire | 30, 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.m/s, | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.risk | 32, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.take | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 29, 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 48, 64, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.when | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wind | 38, 58, 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3–4 | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Using | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.holds | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.risk. | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tried | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 26, 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.windy | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(FWIs) | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Anyone | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assume | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beyond | 35, 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effect | 49, 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.global | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.issue. | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model) | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.paper, | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.account | 51, 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.certain | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.current | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.despite | 19, 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indices | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.machine | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perform | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.weather | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.additive | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.campfire | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.function | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ignition | 31, 61, 77, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.learning | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lighting | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.logistic | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relation | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relative | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.updating | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.velocity | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decreases | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.difficult | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.humidity. | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.monotonic | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.real-life | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recommend | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.threshold | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.velocity. | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accounting | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.additional | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.appreciate | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decreases. | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experience | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.laboratory | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quantifies | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regression | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.threshold, | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.empirically | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experiments | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generalized | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.probability | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.techniques, | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.temperature | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.traditional | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrated | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dramatically | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approximately | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.substantially | 113 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 94 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5037469336 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 2 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I16391192 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.52462548 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |