Enhancing cognitive abilities through transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: Findings from prefrontal functional connectivity analysis and virtual brain simulation Article Swipe
Sora An
,
Se Jin Oh
,
Shinhee Noh
,
Sang Beom Jun
,
Jee Eun Sung
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179
Recent studies have indicated the potential of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) as an intervention for cognitive decline. In this study, we systematically analyzed the effects of taVNS on cognitive enhancement from the perspective of brain networks, by combining functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signal analysis with virtual brain simulations. Behavioral experiments with older adults demonstrated that participants with low baseline performance experienced significant improvements in working memory performance following taVNS, while those with high baseline performance tended to decline. This pattern was closely associated with functional connectivity (FC) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) concurrently measured during the behavioral tasks, i.e., task performance correlated with FC in the PFC, particularly in the medial PFC (mPFC). Moreover, the changes in performance due to taVNS, which varied based on baseline performance, exhibited a notable alignment with the FC changes in the mPFC. These findings were further explored through virtual brain simulations. The simulation results demonstrated that the brain's functional state could vary depending on the network coupling parameter-capable of reflecting loss of structural brain connectivity associated with aging-and that the modulation effects induced by taVNS may also differ based on those functional states. Current results indicate that the efficacy of taVNS interventions for cognitive enhancement may vary according to the pre-intervention structural and functional states of individual brains. Therefore, the development of personalized optimization strategies for taVNS intervention is crucial, and digital brain research holds significant promise in advancing this field.
Related Topics
Concepts
Vagus nerve stimulation
Neuroscience
Vagus nerve
Cognition
Stimulation
Psychology
Functional connectivity
Cognitive psychology
Medicine
Anesthesia
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 4
- References
- 75
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4409034711
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4409034711Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Enhancing cognitive abilities through transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: Findings from prefrontal functional connectivity analysis and virtual brain simulationWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-03-31Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Sora An, Se Jin Oh, Shinhee Noh, Sang Beom Jun, Jee Eun SungList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Vagus nerve stimulation, Neuroscience, Vagus nerve, Cognition, Stimulation, Psychology, Functional connectivity, Cognitive psychology, Medicine, AnesthesiaTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
4Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 4Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
75Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4409034711 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40158670 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4409034711 |
| fwci | 13.80534355 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D017397 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Prefrontal Cortex |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | Q000000981 |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D017397 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | diagnostic imaging |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Prefrontal Cortex |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D055536 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Vagus Nerve Stimulation |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D000368 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Aged |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D003071 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Cognition |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D019265 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D004561 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D003198 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Computer Simulation |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D008570 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Memory, Short-Term |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | Q000502 |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D009415 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | physiology |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Nerve Net |
| type | article |
| title | Enhancing cognitive abilities through transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: Findings from prefrontal functional connectivity analysis and virtual brain simulation |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | 311 |
| biblio.last_page | 121179 |
| biblio.first_page | 121179 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T12580 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2808 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Neurology |
| topics[0].display_name | Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10429 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| topics[1].score | 0.9994000196456909 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2805 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Cognitive Neuroscience |
| topics[1].display_name | EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10745 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[2].score | 0.9962000250816345 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2705 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine |
| topics[2].display_name | Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 3450 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 3450 |
| apc_paid.value | 3450 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 3450 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2780087125 |
| concepts[0].level | 4 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7515740990638733 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2062293 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Vagus nerve stimulation |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C169760540 |
| concepts[1].level | 1 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.5718020796775818 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Neuroscience |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C2781404750 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.520211398601532 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190140 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Vagus nerve |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C169900460 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.49566829204559326 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Cognition |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C24998067 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.4860123097896576 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Stimulation |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[5].level | 0 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.46751290559768677 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C3018011982 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.46035999059677124 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316120 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Functional connectivity |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C180747234 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.39415132999420166 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Cognitive psychology |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[8].level | 0 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.34900104999542236 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C42219234 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.33281463384628296 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Anesthesia |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/vagus-nerve-stimulation |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7515740990638733 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Vagus nerve stimulation |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience |
| keywords[1].score | 0.5718020796775818 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Neuroscience |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/vagus-nerve |
| keywords[2].score | 0.520211398601532 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Vagus nerve |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition |
| keywords[3].score | 0.49566829204559326 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Cognition |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation |
| keywords[4].score | 0.4860123097896576 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Stimulation |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[5].score | 0.46751290559768677 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Psychology |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-connectivity |
| keywords[6].score | 0.46035999059677124 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Functional connectivity |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology |
| keywords[7].score | 0.39415132999420166 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Cognitive psychology |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[8].score | 0.34900104999542236 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/anesthesia |
| keywords[9].score | 0.33281463384628296 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Anesthesia |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S103225281 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1053-8119, 1095-9572 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1053-8119 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | NeuroImage |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Elsevier BV |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Elsevier BV |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | NeuroImage |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:40158670 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | NeuroImage |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40158670 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0aadc5f3e62f4389a3630b12119c9b97 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[2].license | cc-by-sa |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | article |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | NeuroImage, Vol 311, Iss , Pp 121179- (2025) |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/0aadc5f3e62f4389a3630b12119c9b97 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5035721126 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Sora An |
| authorships[0].countries | KR |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/053fp5c05 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | KR |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Ewha Womans University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Sora An |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5069199941 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8103-8216 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Se Jin Oh |
| authorships[1].countries | KR |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/053fp5c05 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | KR |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Ewha Womans University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Se Jin Oh |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5020519595 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1166-7914 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Shinhee Noh |
| authorships[2].countries | KR |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/053fp5c05 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | KR |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Ewha Womans University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Shinhee Noh |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5073654201 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3912-250X |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Sang Beom Jun |
| authorships[3].countries | KR |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program in Smart Factory, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [email protected]. |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/053fp5c05 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | KR |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Ewha Womans University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Sang Beom Jun |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program in Smart Factory, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [email protected]. |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5075478115 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1734-0058 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Jee Eun Sung |
| authorships[4].countries | KR |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [email protected]. |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/053fp5c05 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I138925566 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | KR |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Ewha Womans University |
| authorships[4].author_position | last |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Jee Eun Sung |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [email protected]. |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Enhancing cognitive abilities through transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: Findings from prefrontal functional connectivity analysis and virtual brain simulation |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T12580 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2808 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Neurology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4403839807, https://openalex.org/W4301396970, https://openalex.org/W2006689666, https://openalex.org/W2550683708, https://openalex.org/W3010486731, https://openalex.org/W2899224757, https://openalex.org/W2015202629, https://openalex.org/W2094219890, https://openalex.org/W2013954586, https://openalex.org/W3146991102 |
| cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 4 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S103225281 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1053-8119, 1095-9572 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1053-8119 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | NeuroImage |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Elsevier BV |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Elsevier BV |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | NeuroImage |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S103225281 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1053-8119, 1095-9572 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1053-8119 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | NeuroImage |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Elsevier BV |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Elsevier BV |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | NeuroImage |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121179 |
| publication_date | 2025-03-31 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2806384825, https://openalex.org/W2588954859, https://openalex.org/W4403269317, https://openalex.org/W4391690851, https://openalex.org/W2091319478, https://openalex.org/W2989889470, https://openalex.org/W6873038804, https://openalex.org/W4206906297, https://openalex.org/W3103051791, https://openalex.org/W2169438314, https://openalex.org/W4296614867, https://openalex.org/W4385342070, https://openalex.org/W4383912588, https://openalex.org/W4310961809, https://openalex.org/W2776458751, https://openalex.org/W2802789808, https://openalex.org/W4402947111, https://openalex.org/W6864919782, https://openalex.org/W4200328154, https://openalex.org/W2098257872, https://openalex.org/W2098229249, https://openalex.org/W6666764880, https://openalex.org/W2029802912, https://openalex.org/W4386475649, https://openalex.org/W1973638771, https://openalex.org/W4400384210, https://openalex.org/W2952877979, https://openalex.org/W4200507974, https://openalex.org/W2025009638, https://openalex.org/W2020745232, https://openalex.org/W4394569876, https://openalex.org/W4241074797, https://openalex.org/W1184115476, https://openalex.org/W4387817415, https://openalex.org/W4400519975, https://openalex.org/W3201884881, https://openalex.org/W2883643946, https://openalex.org/W2277662419, https://openalex.org/W4297372079, https://openalex.org/W3013157611, https://openalex.org/W4315782043, https://openalex.org/W2117663940, https://openalex.org/W1906317191, https://openalex.org/W2782501049, https://openalex.org/W2085462417, https://openalex.org/W3167900828, https://openalex.org/W4382652958, https://openalex.org/W2155369114, https://openalex.org/W2964824489, https://openalex.org/W3134490357, https://openalex.org/W1907168917, https://openalex.org/W3207385712, https://openalex.org/W4400681283, https://openalex.org/W3087652106, https://openalex.org/W4321486839, https://openalex.org/W4313706555, https://openalex.org/W6874050932, https://openalex.org/W1994947322, https://openalex.org/W3130497051, https://openalex.org/W3022810174, https://openalex.org/W6847501287, https://openalex.org/W4385351375, https://openalex.org/W3119404404, https://openalex.org/W3208259794, https://openalex.org/W4315786453, https://openalex.org/W2911691050, https://openalex.org/W2890110718, https://openalex.org/W3012871326, https://openalex.org/W2990150699, https://openalex.org/W4404304842, https://openalex.org/W3103282891, https://openalex.org/W4312129236, https://openalex.org/W2065343501, https://openalex.org/W4394870679, https://openalex.org/W4403144657 |
| referenced_works_count | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.FC | 105, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 38, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 65, 89, 106, 110, 118, 137, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 6, 27, 35, 166, 169, 197, 213, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 29, 126, 161, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 78, 121, 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PFC | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 210, 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.due | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 16, 200, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.may | 183, 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 4, 25, 33, 90, 97, 107, 111, 116, 134, 138, 154, 162, 177, 195, 207, 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(FC) | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PFC, | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.loss | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.task | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 56, 153, 176, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 20, 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vary | 159, 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 46, 52, 58, 73, 85, 104, 133, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(PFC) | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.These | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.based | 125, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.brain | 36, 48, 147, 171, 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.holds | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.i.e., | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mPFC. | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nerve | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.older | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.state | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.taVNS | 28, 182, 198, 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.those | 72, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vagus | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Recent | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adults | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cortex | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differ | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.during | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.field. | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.medial | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.memory | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.signal | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.states | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study, | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.taVNS, | 70, 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tasks, | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tended | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.varied | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(fNIRS) | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(mPFC). | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(taVNS) | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Current | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.brain's | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.brains. | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.changes | 117, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.closely | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.digital | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 26, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.further | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.induced | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.network | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.notable | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pattern | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promise | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 151, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.states. | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.virtual | 47, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.working | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analyzed | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.baseline | 60, 75, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coupling | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.crucial, | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decline. | 18, 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficacy | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explored | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicate | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measured | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Moreover, | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.according | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.advancing | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aging-and | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alignment | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.auricular | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cognitive | 17, 30, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combining | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.depending | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exhibited | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.following | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicated | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.networks, | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Behavioral | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Therefore, | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 84, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.behavioral | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.correlated | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.functional | 40, 86, 156, 189, 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individual | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modulation | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prefrontal | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reflecting | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulation | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strategies | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structural | 170, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhancement | 31, 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experienced | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experiments | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 61, 68, 76, 102, 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perspective | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 63, 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stimulation | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concurrently | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.connectivity | 87, 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrated | 55, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improvements | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intervention | 15, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimization | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particularly | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance, | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.personalized | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulations. | 49, 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectroscopy | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interventions | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.near-infrared | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systematically | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transcutaneous | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pre-intervention | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parameter-capable | 165 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.46000000834465027 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Reduced inequalities |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.95926773 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |