Enhancing task fMRI individual difference research with neural signatures Article Swipe
David A. A. Baranger
,
Aaron J. Gorelik
,
Sarah E. Paul
,
Alexander S. Hatoum
,
Nico U.F. Dosenbach
,
Ryan Bogdan
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.30.25321355
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.30.25321355
Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (tb-fMRI) has advanced our understanding of brain-behavior relationships. Standard tb-fMRI analyses suffer from limited reliability and low effect sizes, and machine learning (ML) approaches often require thousands of subjects, restricting their ability to inform how brain function may arise from and contribute to individual differences. Using data from 9,024 early adolescents, we derived a classifier (‘neural signature’) distinguishing between high and low working memory loads in an emotional n-back fMRI task, which captures individual differences in the separability of activation to the two task conditions. Signature predictions were more reliable and had stronger associations with task performance, cognition, and psychopathology than standard estimates of regional brain activation. Further, the signature was more sensitive to psychopathology associations and required a smaller training sample (N=320) than standard ML approaches. Neural signatures hold tremendous promise for enhancing the informativeness of tb-fMRI individual differences research and revitalizing its use.
Related Topics
Concepts
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Task (project management)
Psychology
Psychopathology
Cognitive psychology
Classifier (UML)
Neural correlates of consciousness
Cognition
Signature (topology)
Neuroimaging
Computer science
Artificial intelligence
Neuroscience
Clinical psychology
Mathematics
Geometry
Management
Economics
Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.30.25321355
- OA Status
- green
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 90
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4407024597
All OpenAlex metadata
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https://openalex.org/W4407024597Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.30.25321355Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Enhancing task fMRI individual difference research with neural signaturesWork title
- Type
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preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-01-31Full publication date if available
- Authors
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David A. A. Baranger, Aaron J. Gorelik, Sarah E. Paul, Alexander S. Hatoum, Nico U.F. Dosenbach, Ryan BogdanList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.30.25321355Publisher landing page
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.30.25321355Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Task (project management), Psychology, Psychopathology, Cognitive psychology, Classifier (UML), Neural correlates of consciousness, Cognition, Signature (topology), Neuroimaging, Computer science, Artificial intelligence, Neuroscience, Clinical psychology, Mathematics, Geometry, Management, EconomicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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