Epidemiological insights into paratuberculosis in camels in Saudi Arabia: Bayesian estimation of true prevalence and identification of risk factors Article Swipe
Anjum Naeem
,
Mohamed A. Salem
,
F Housawi
,
Kazem AlMohammed Salem
,
Jamal Hussen
,
Mahmoud Fayez
,
Ahmed Zaghawa
,
Polychronis Kostoulas
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299881
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299881
Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a significant concern in the camel population of Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to provide epidemiological insights into the disease by estimating the true prevalence in camels in the Eastern Province and Riyadh, using a Bayesian estimation framework, and exploring the associated risk factors through a frequentist approach. A total of 1200 camel blood samples were collected and analyzed using an indirect ELISA method. The true herd-level prevalence was estimated at 0.7 (95% probability interval: 0.57 to 0.81), and the mean expected true animal-level prevalence was 0.17 (0.14 to 0.20). Risk factors associated with Map seropositivity were identified, including sex, breed, raising system, and production type. Females, single breed camels, and nomadic raising systems were found to have lower odds of seropositivity, while camels used for racing and show had significantly higher odds. The study’s Bayesian approach, adjusting for the imperfect accuracy of MAP tests, provides a nuanced understanding of the disease’s prevalence in the region. The integration of true prevalence estimates with risk factor analysis offers a comprehensive framework that can guide future policies and strategies in the fight against paratuberculosis in Saudi Arabia. The findings emphasize the importance of targeted control measures, underscoring the urgent need for interventions in Saudi Arabia’s camel population. By understanding the true disease prevalence and its associated risk factors, we can enhance disease management strategies, offering valuable insights for future control and eradication efforts in the region.
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- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299881
- https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0299881&type=printable
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 20
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4392946831
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- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4392946831Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299881Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Epidemiological insights into paratuberculosis in camels in Saudi Arabia: Bayesian estimation of true prevalence and identification of risk factorsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-03-19Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Anjum Naeem, Mohamed A. Salem, F Housawi, Kazem AlMohammed Salem, Jamal Hussen, Mahmoud Fayez, Ahmed Zaghawa, Polychronis KostoulasList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299881Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0299881&type=printableDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0299881&type=printableDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Epidemiology, Odds, Environmental health, Odds ratio, Population, Breed, Paratuberculosis, Disease, Medicine, Credible interval, Veterinary medicine, Demography, Biology, Logistic regression, Confidence interval, Pathology, Tuberculosis, Sociology, Mycobacterium, Internal medicine, GeneticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2024: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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20Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.expected | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors, | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indirect | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.insights | 25, 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.offering | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.policies | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provides | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.targeted | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.valuable | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adjusting | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approach, | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approach. | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collected | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emphasize | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimated | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimates | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploring | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.framework | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.imperfect | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interval: | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measures, | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study’s | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Arabia’s | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 50, 101, 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimating | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimation | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.framework, | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.herd-level | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.importance | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.management | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.population | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prevalence | 33, 76, 93, 161, 169, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.production | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strategies | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease’s | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.eradication | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequentist | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified, | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.integration | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.population. | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.probability | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strategies, | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.animal-level | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.underscoring | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Mycobacterium | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprehensive | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interventions | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 157, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seropositivity | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.epidemiological | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seropositivity, | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.paratuberculosis | 6, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Paratuberculosis, | 0 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 94 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5028869095, https://openalex.org/A5014880187, https://openalex.org/A5024275817, https://openalex.org/A5070291666, https://openalex.org/A5020542159, https://openalex.org/A5066975032, https://openalex.org/A5053891031, https://openalex.org/A5101423132 |
| countries_distinct_count | 4 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 8 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1291012402, https://openalex.org/I145487455, https://openalex.org/I145722265, https://openalex.org/I338016083, https://openalex.org/I4210108518, https://openalex.org/I4626487 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.800000011920929 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.63855789 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |