Errors in PDH offset locking due to spurious spectral features Article Swipe

View

R. H. Hildebrand , Wance Wang , Connor Goham , Alessandro Restelli , J. Britton ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595

The Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique is widely used to stabilize the frequency of lasers. Here we report on a routinely underestimated source of error in PDH offset-locking: a shift in the lock point due to the unintended interaction between residual optical sidebands and higher-order spatial modes in misaligned Fabry-Pérot cavities. Significant frequency deviations—up to 50% of the cavity linewidth—can arise when the optical offset is obtained from a sinusoidally driven EOM. We measure this deviation experimentally, find agreement with a simple model, and show how a spectrally-pure frequency offset can reduce the deviation by an order of magnitude. Our findings draw attention to a systematic effect of importance to precision optical spectroscopy, optical clocks, and quantum information science.

Related Topics

Concepts

No concepts available.

Metadata

Type: article
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595
OA Status: gold
References: 24
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4414844232

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4414844232

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Errors in PDH offset locking due to spurious spectral features

Work title
Type: article

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2025

Year of publication
Publication date: 2025-10-06

Full publication date if available
Authors: R. H. Hildebrand, Wance Wang, Connor Goham, Alessandro Restelli, J. Britton

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595

Publisher landing page
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: gold

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595

Direct OA link when available
Cited by: 0

Total citation count in OpenAlex
References (count): 24

Number of works referenced by this work

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4414844232
doi	https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4414844232
fwci	0.0
type	article
title	Errors in PDH offset locking due to spurious spectral features
biblio.issue	22
biblio.volume	33
biblio.last_page	45886
biblio.first_page	45886
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T14225
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[0].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[0].score	0.5351999998092651
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2207
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Control and Systems Engineering
topics[0].display_name	Advanced Sensor and Control Systems
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T13717
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[1].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[1].score	0.5221999883651733
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2207
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Control and Systems Engineering
topics[1].display_name	Advanced Algorithms and Applications
is_xpac	False
apc_list.value	2270
apc_list.currency	USD
apc_list.value_usd	2270
apc_paid.value	2270
apc_paid.currency	USD
apc_paid.value_usd	2270
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.1364/oe.572595
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S178776955
locations[0].source.issn	1094-4087
locations[0].source.type	journal
locations[0].source.is_oa	True
locations[0].source.issn_l	1094-4087
locations[0].source.is_core	True
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	True
locations[0].source.display_name	Optics Express
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310315679
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Optica Publishing Group
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310315679
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names	Optica Publishing Group
locations[0].license
locations[0].pdf_url
locations[0].version	publishedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	journal-article
locations[0].license_id
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	True
locations[0].raw_source_name	Optics Express
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595
indexed_in	crossref, doaj
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5013039125
authorships[0].author.orcid
authorships[0].author.display_name	R. H. Hildebrand
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Roame Hildebrand
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5041783165
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-8878
authorships[1].author.display_name	Wance Wang
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Wance Wang
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5027888268
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1890-5954
authorships[2].author.display_name	Connor Goham
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Connor Goham
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5054717023
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1289-3171
authorships[3].author.display_name	Alessandro Restelli
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Alessandro Restelli
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5028089036
authorships[4].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8103-7347
authorships[4].author.display_name	J. Britton
authorships[4].author_position	last
authorships[4].raw_author_name	Joseph Britton
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
has_content.pdf	False
has_content.grobid_xml	False
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595
open_access.oa_status	gold
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Errors in PDH offset locking due to spurious spectral features
has_fulltext	False
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T14225
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
primary_topic.field.display_name	Engineering
primary_topic.score	0.5351999998092651
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2207
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Control and Systems Engineering
primary_topic.display_name	Advanced Sensor and Control Systems
cited_by_count	0
locations_count	1
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.1364/oe.572595
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S178776955
best_oa_location.source.issn	1094-4087
best_oa_location.source.type	journal
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.issn_l	1094-4087
best_oa_location.source.is_core	True
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	True
best_oa_location.source.display_name	Optics Express
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310315679
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Optica Publishing Group
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310315679
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	Optica Publishing Group
best_oa_location.license
best_oa_location.pdf_url
best_oa_location.version	publishedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	journal-article
best_oa_location.license_id
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	True
best_oa_location.raw_source_name	Optics Express
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595
primary_location.id	doi:10.1364/oe.572595
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S178776955
primary_location.source.issn	1094-4087
primary_location.source.type	journal
primary_location.source.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.issn_l	1094-4087
primary_location.source.is_core	True
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	True
primary_location.source.display_name	Optics Express
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310315679
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Optica Publishing Group
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310315679
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	Optica Publishing Group
primary_location.license
primary_location.pdf_url
primary_location.version	publishedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	journal-article
primary_location.license_id
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	True
primary_location.raw_source_name	Optics Express
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.572595
publication_date	2025-10-06
publication_year	2025
referenced_works	https://openalex.org/W2061586657, https://openalex.org/W2074092686, https://openalex.org/W3145544159, https://openalex.org/W4387899505, https://openalex.org/W2091914266, https://openalex.org/W3216098461, https://openalex.org/W2993051973, https://openalex.org/W4389083816, https://openalex.org/W2468832587, https://openalex.org/W4385965482, https://openalex.org/W4307105968, https://openalex.org/W2008332344, https://openalex.org/W2593686374, https://openalex.org/W4403662089, https://openalex.org/W2062603573, https://openalex.org/W4405252846, https://openalex.org/W2054633427, https://openalex.org/W2766466263, https://openalex.org/W2069854974, https://openalex.org/W2042028748, https://openalex.org/W2462585135, https://openalex.org/W2908728166, https://openalex.org/W1980396272, https://openalex.org/W4411597761
referenced_works_count	24
abstract_inverted_index.a	17, 26, 66, 78, 84, 102
abstract_inverted_index.We	70
abstract_inverted_index.an	93
abstract_inverted_index.by	92
abstract_inverted_index.in	23, 28, 45
abstract_inverted_index.is	4, 63
abstract_inverted_index.of	11, 21, 54, 95, 105
abstract_inverted_index.on	16
abstract_inverted_index.to	7, 33, 52, 101, 107
abstract_inverted_index.we	14
abstract_inverted_index.50%	53
abstract_inverted_index.Our	97
abstract_inverted_index.PDH	24
abstract_inverted_index.The	0
abstract_inverted_index.and	41, 81, 113
abstract_inverted_index.can	88
abstract_inverted_index.due	32
abstract_inverted_index.how	83
abstract_inverted_index.the	9, 29, 34, 55, 60, 90
abstract_inverted_index.EOM.	69
abstract_inverted_index.Here	13
abstract_inverted_index.draw	99
abstract_inverted_index.find	75
abstract_inverted_index.from	65
abstract_inverted_index.lock	30
abstract_inverted_index.show	82
abstract_inverted_index.this	72
abstract_inverted_index.used	6
abstract_inverted_index.when	59
abstract_inverted_index.with	77
abstract_inverted_index.(PDH)	2
abstract_inverted_index.arise	58
abstract_inverted_index.error	22
abstract_inverted_index.modes	44
abstract_inverted_index.order	94
abstract_inverted_index.point	31
abstract_inverted_index.shift	27
abstract_inverted_index.cavity	56
abstract_inverted_index.driven	68
abstract_inverted_index.effect	104
abstract_inverted_index.model,	80
abstract_inverted_index.offset	62, 87
abstract_inverted_index.reduce	89
abstract_inverted_index.report	15
abstract_inverted_index.simple	79
abstract_inverted_index.source	20
abstract_inverted_index.widely	5
abstract_inverted_index.between	37
abstract_inverted_index.clocks,	112
abstract_inverted_index.lasers.	12
abstract_inverted_index.measure	71
abstract_inverted_index.optical	39, 61, 109, 111
abstract_inverted_index.quantum	114
abstract_inverted_index.spatial	43
abstract_inverted_index.findings	98
abstract_inverted_index.obtained	64
abstract_inverted_index.residual	38
abstract_inverted_index.science.	116
abstract_inverted_index.agreement	76
abstract_inverted_index.attention	100
abstract_inverted_index.cavities.	48
abstract_inverted_index.deviation	73, 91
abstract_inverted_index.frequency	10, 50, 86
abstract_inverted_index.precision	108
abstract_inverted_index.routinely	18
abstract_inverted_index.sidebands	40
abstract_inverted_index.stabilize	8
abstract_inverted_index.technique	3
abstract_inverted_index.importance	106
abstract_inverted_index.magnitude.	96
abstract_inverted_index.misaligned	46
abstract_inverted_index.systematic	103
abstract_inverted_index.unintended	35
abstract_inverted_index.Significant	49
abstract_inverted_index.information	115
abstract_inverted_index.interaction	36
abstract_inverted_index.Fabry-Pérot	47
abstract_inverted_index.higher-order	42
abstract_inverted_index.sinusoidally	67
abstract_inverted_index.spectroscopy,	110
abstract_inverted_index.underestimated	19
abstract_inverted_index.deviations—up	51
abstract_inverted_index.experimentally,	74
abstract_inverted_index.linewidth—can	57
abstract_inverted_index.offset-locking:	25
abstract_inverted_index.spectrally-pure	85
abstract_inverted_index.Pound-Drever-Hall	1
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	5
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.5944979
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	False