ESFL: Efficient Split Federated Learning over Resource-Constrained Heterogeneous Wireless Devices Article Swipe

PDF

Guangyu Zhu , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Haixia Zhang , Yuguang Fang , Tan F. Wong ·

YOU? · · 2024 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.15903

Federated learning (FL) allows multiple parties (distributed devices) to train a machine learning model without sharing raw data. How to effectively and efficiently utilize the resources on devices and the central server is a highly interesting yet challenging problem. In this paper, we propose an efficient split federated learning algorithm (ESFL) to take full advantage of the powerful computing capabilities at a central server under a split federated learning framework with heterogeneous end devices (EDs). By splitting the model into different submodels between the server and EDs, our approach jointly optimizes user-side workload and server-side computing resource allocation by considering users' heterogeneity. We formulate the whole optimization problem as a mixed-integer non-linear program, which is an NP-hard problem, and develop an iterative approach to obtain an approximate solution efficiently. Extensive simulations have been conducted to validate the significantly increased efficiency of our ESFL approach compared with standard federated learning, split learning, and splitfed learning.

Related Topics

Computer Science

Wireless

Federated Learning

Concepts

Computer science Wireless Resource (disambiguation) Federated learning Distributed computing Computer network Telecommunications

Metadata

Type: preprint
Language: en
Landing Page: http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.15903
PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.15903
OA Status: green
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4392223797

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4392223797

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.15903

Digital Object Identifier
Title: ESFL: Efficient Split Federated Learning over Resource-Constrained Heterogeneous Wireless Devices

Work title
Type: preprint

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2024

Year of publication
Publication date: 2024-02-24

Full publication date if available
Authors: Guangyu Zhu, Yiqin Deng, Xianhao Chen, Haixia Zhang, Yuguang Fang, Tan F. Wong

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.15903

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.15903

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: green

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.15903

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Computer science, Wireless, Resource (disambiguation), Federated learning, Distributed computing, Computer network, Telecommunications

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 0

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4392223797
doi	https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.15903
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.15903
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4392223797
fwci
type	preprint
title	ESFL: Efficient Split Federated Learning over Resource-Constrained Heterogeneous Wireless Devices
biblio.issue
biblio.volume
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10764
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/17
topics[0].field.display_name	Computer Science
topics[0].score	0.9958999752998352
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/1702
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Artificial Intelligence
topics[0].display_name	Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T10326
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[1].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[1].score	0.9934999942779541
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2208
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Electrical and Electronic Engineering
topics[1].display_name	Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T11158
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/17
topics[2].field.display_name	Computer Science
topics[2].score	0.991100013256073
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[2].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/1705
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Computer Networks and Communications
topics[2].display_name	Wireless Networks and Protocols
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C41008148
concepts[0].level	0
concepts[0].score	0.6915974020957947
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198
concepts[0].display_name	Computer science
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C555944384
concepts[1].level	2
concepts[1].score	0.5722244381904602
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249
concepts[1].display_name	Wireless
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C206345919
concepts[2].level	2
concepts[2].score	0.5497100353240967
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951
concepts[2].display_name	Resource (disambiguation)
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C2992525071
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.5226559638977051
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671
concepts[3].display_name	Federated learning
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C120314980
concepts[4].level	1
concepts[4].score	0.4367283284664154
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634
concepts[4].display_name	Distributed computing
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C31258907
concepts[5].level	1
concepts[5].score	0.4243129789829254
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371
concepts[5].display_name	Computer network
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C76155785
concepts[6].level	1
concepts[6].score	0.22282662987709045
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418
concepts[6].display_name	Telecommunications
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science
keywords[0].score	0.6915974020957947
keywords[0].display_name	Computer science
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless
keywords[1].score	0.5722244381904602
keywords[1].display_name	Wireless
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/resource
keywords[2].score	0.5497100353240967
keywords[2].display_name	Resource (disambiguation)
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning
keywords[3].score	0.5226559638977051
keywords[3].display_name	Federated learning
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing
keywords[4].score	0.4367283284664154
keywords[4].display_name	Distributed computing
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network
keywords[5].score	0.4243129789829254
keywords[5].display_name	Computer network
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications
keywords[6].score	0.22282662987709045
keywords[6].display_name	Telecommunications
language	en
locations[0].id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2402.15903
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
locations[0].source.issn
locations[0].source.type	repository
locations[0].source.is_oa	True
locations[0].source.issn_l
locations[0].source.is_core	False
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[0].license	cc-by-nc-sa
locations[0].pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.15903
locations[0].version	submittedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	text
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa
locations[0].is_accepted	False
locations[0].is_published	False
locations[0].raw_source_name
locations[0].landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.15903
locations[1].id	doi:10.48550/arxiv.2402.15903
locations[1].is_oa	True
locations[1].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
locations[1].source.issn
locations[1].source.type	repository
locations[1].source.is_oa	True
locations[1].source.issn_l
locations[1].source.is_core	False
locations[1].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[1].source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
locations[1].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[1].source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[1].license
locations[1].pdf_url
locations[1].version
locations[1].raw_type	article
locations[1].license_id
locations[1].is_accepted	False
locations[1].is_published
locations[1].raw_source_name
locations[1].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.15903
indexed_in	arxiv, datacite
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5114535244
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2894-5091
authorships[0].author.display_name	Guangyu Zhu
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Zhu, Guangyu
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5047030075
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4231-6954
authorships[1].author.display_name	Yiqin Deng
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Deng, Yiqin
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5083484070
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4295-940X
authorships[2].author.display_name	Xianhao Chen
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Chen, Xianhao
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5100375644
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-4123
authorships[3].author.display_name	Haixia Zhang
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Zhang, Haixia
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5016290340
authorships[4].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-3871
authorships[4].author.display_name	Yuguang Fang
authorships[4].author_position	middle
authorships[4].raw_author_name	Fang, Yuguang
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
authorships[5].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5030883519
authorships[5].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4457-5805
authorships[5].author.display_name	Tan F. Wong
authorships[5].author_position	last
authorships[5].raw_author_name	Wong, Tan F.
authorships[5].is_corresponding	False
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	True
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.15903
open_access.oa_status	green
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2024-02-28T00:00:00
display_name	ESFL: Efficient Split Federated Learning over Resource-Constrained Heterogeneous Wireless Devices
has_fulltext	True
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10764
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/17
primary_topic.field.display_name	Computer Science
primary_topic.score	0.9958999752998352
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/1702
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Artificial Intelligence
primary_topic.display_name	Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data
related_works	https://openalex.org/W4298221930, https://openalex.org/W2777914285, https://openalex.org/W4287823391, https://openalex.org/W3013363440, https://openalex.org/W4312762663, https://openalex.org/W4317941881, https://openalex.org/W3035927627, https://openalex.org/W3128909129, https://openalex.org/W4308527955, https://openalex.org/W4366829214
cited_by_count	0
locations_count	2
best_oa_location.id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2402.15903
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
best_oa_location.source.issn
best_oa_location.source.type	repository
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.issn_l
best_oa_location.source.is_core	False
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
best_oa_location.license	cc-by-nc-sa
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.15903
best_oa_location.version	submittedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	text
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa
best_oa_location.is_accepted	False
best_oa_location.is_published	False
best_oa_location.raw_source_name
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.15903
primary_location.id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2402.15903
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
primary_location.source.issn
primary_location.source.type	repository
primary_location.source.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.issn_l
primary_location.source.is_core	False
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
primary_location.license	cc-by-nc-sa
primary_location.pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.15903
primary_location.version	submittedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	text
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa
primary_location.is_accepted	False
primary_location.is_published	False
primary_location.raw_source_name
primary_location.landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.15903
publication_date	2024-02-24
publication_year	2024
referenced_works_count	0
abstract_inverted_index.a	10, 33, 61, 65, 109
abstract_inverted_index.By	75
abstract_inverted_index.In	39
abstract_inverted_index.We	102
abstract_inverted_index.an	44, 115, 120, 125
abstract_inverted_index.as	108
abstract_inverted_index.at	60
abstract_inverted_index.by	98
abstract_inverted_index.is	32, 114
abstract_inverted_index.of	55, 140
abstract_inverted_index.on	26
abstract_inverted_index.to	8, 19, 51, 123, 134
abstract_inverted_index.we	42
abstract_inverted_index.How	18
abstract_inverted_index.and	21, 28, 85, 93, 118, 151
abstract_inverted_index.end	72
abstract_inverted_index.our	87, 141
abstract_inverted_index.raw	16
abstract_inverted_index.the	24, 29, 56, 77, 83, 104, 136
abstract_inverted_index.yet	36
abstract_inverted_index.(FL)	2
abstract_inverted_index.EDs,	86
abstract_inverted_index.ESFL	142
abstract_inverted_index.been	132
abstract_inverted_index.full	53
abstract_inverted_index.have	131
abstract_inverted_index.into	79
abstract_inverted_index.take	52
abstract_inverted_index.this	40
abstract_inverted_index.with	70, 145
abstract_inverted_index.data.	17
abstract_inverted_index.model	13, 78
abstract_inverted_index.split	46, 66, 149
abstract_inverted_index.train	9
abstract_inverted_index.under	64
abstract_inverted_index.which	113
abstract_inverted_index.whole	105
abstract_inverted_index.(EDs).	74
abstract_inverted_index.(ESFL)	50
abstract_inverted_index.allows	3
abstract_inverted_index.highly	34
abstract_inverted_index.obtain	124
abstract_inverted_index.paper,	41
abstract_inverted_index.server	31, 63, 84
abstract_inverted_index.users'	100
abstract_inverted_index.NP-hard	116
abstract_inverted_index.between	82
abstract_inverted_index.central	30, 62
abstract_inverted_index.develop	119
abstract_inverted_index.devices	27, 73
abstract_inverted_index.jointly	89
abstract_inverted_index.machine	11
abstract_inverted_index.parties	5
abstract_inverted_index.problem	107
abstract_inverted_index.propose	43
abstract_inverted_index.sharing	15
abstract_inverted_index.utilize	23
abstract_inverted_index.without	14
abstract_inverted_index.approach	88, 122, 143
abstract_inverted_index.compared	144
abstract_inverted_index.devices)	7
abstract_inverted_index.learning	1, 12, 48, 68
abstract_inverted_index.multiple	4
abstract_inverted_index.powerful	57
abstract_inverted_index.problem,	117
abstract_inverted_index.problem.	38
abstract_inverted_index.program,	112
abstract_inverted_index.resource	96
abstract_inverted_index.solution	127
abstract_inverted_index.splitfed	152
abstract_inverted_index.standard	146
abstract_inverted_index.validate	135
abstract_inverted_index.workload	92
abstract_inverted_index.Extensive	129
abstract_inverted_index.Federated	0
abstract_inverted_index.advantage	54
abstract_inverted_index.algorithm	49
abstract_inverted_index.computing	58, 95
abstract_inverted_index.conducted	133
abstract_inverted_index.different	80
abstract_inverted_index.efficient	45
abstract_inverted_index.federated	47, 67, 147
abstract_inverted_index.formulate	103
abstract_inverted_index.framework	69
abstract_inverted_index.increased	138
abstract_inverted_index.iterative	121
abstract_inverted_index.learning,	148, 150
abstract_inverted_index.learning.	153
abstract_inverted_index.optimizes	90
abstract_inverted_index.resources	25
abstract_inverted_index.splitting	76
abstract_inverted_index.submodels	81
abstract_inverted_index.user-side	91
abstract_inverted_index.allocation	97
abstract_inverted_index.efficiency	139
abstract_inverted_index.non-linear	111
abstract_inverted_index.approximate	126
abstract_inverted_index.challenging	37
abstract_inverted_index.considering	99
abstract_inverted_index.effectively	20
abstract_inverted_index.efficiently	22
abstract_inverted_index.interesting	35
abstract_inverted_index.server-side	94
abstract_inverted_index.simulations	130
abstract_inverted_index.(distributed	6
abstract_inverted_index.capabilities	59
abstract_inverted_index.efficiently.	128
abstract_inverted_index.optimization	106
abstract_inverted_index.heterogeneous	71
abstract_inverted_index.mixed-integer	110
abstract_inverted_index.significantly	137
abstract_inverted_index.heterogeneity.	101
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	6
citation_normalized_percentile