Essential Concepts for Reducing Bias in Observational Studies Article Swipe
Jessica L. Markham
,
Troy Richardson
,
John R. Stephens
,
James C. Gay
,
Matt Hall
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2023-007116
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2023-007116
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard study design for clinical research, as prospective randomization, at least in theory, balances any differences that can exist between groups (including any differences not measured as part of the study) and isolates the studied treatment effect. Any remaining imbalances after randomization are attributable to chance. However, there are many barriers to conducting RCTs within pediatric populations, including lower disease prevalence, high costs, inadequate funding, and additional regulatory requirements. Researchers thus frequently use observational study designs to address many research questions. Observational studies, whether prospective or retrospective, do not involve randomization and thus have more potential for bias when compared with RCTs because of imbalances that can exist between comparison groups. If these imbalances are associated with both the exposure of interest and the outcome, then failure to account for these imbalances may result in a biased conclusion. Understanding and addressing differences in sociodemographic and/or clinical characteristics within observational studies are thus necessary to reduce bias. Within this Method/ology submission we describe techniques to minimize bias by controlling for important measurable covariates within observational studies and discuss the challenges and opportunities in addressing specific variables.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2023-007116
- OA Status
- green
- Cited By
- 9
- References
- 18
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4383480816
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4383480816Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2023-007116Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Essential Concepts for Reducing Bias in Observational StudiesWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2023Year of publication
- Publication date
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2023-07-07Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Jessica L. Markham, Troy Richardson, John R. Stephens, James C. Gay, Matt HallList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2023-007116Publisher landing page
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10527895/pdf/nihms-1914203.pdfDirect OA link when available
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Observational study, Medicine, Randomization, Randomized controlled trial, Selection bias, Research design, Clinical study design, Gold standard (test), Intensive care medicine, Clinical trial, MEDLINE, Statistics, Surgery, Internal medicine, Pathology, Political science, Mathematics, LawTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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9Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 7, 2024: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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18Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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