Estimation of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against Medically Attended COVID-19 in Pregnancy During Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance in the United States Article Swipe

PDF

Stephanie J. Schrag , Jennifer R. Verani , Brian E. Dixon , Jessica Pagé , Kristen Butterfield , Manjusha Gaglani , Gabriela Vazquez‐Benitez , Ousseny Zerbo , Karthik Natarajan , Toan C. Ong , Victoria Lazariu , Suchitra Rao , Ryan Beaver , Sascha Ellington , Nicola P. Klein , Stephanie A. Irving , Shaun J. Grannis , Salome A. Kiduko , Michelle A. Barron , John Midturi , Monica Dickerson , Ned Lewis , Melissa S. Stockwell , Edward Stenehjem , William F. Fadel , Ruth Link‐Gelles , Kempapura Murthy , Kristin Goddard , Nancy Grisel , Nimish R. Valvi , Bruce Fireman , Julie Arndorfer , Deepika Konatham , Sarah W. Ball , Mark G. Thompson , Allison L. Naleway ·

YOU? · · 2022 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273

Importance Pregnant people are at high risk for severe COVID-19 but were excluded from mRNA vaccine trials; data on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) are needed. Objective To evaluate the estimated effectiveness of mRNA vaccination against medically attended COVID-19 among pregnant people during Delta and Omicron predominance. Design, Setting, and Participants This test-negative, case-control study was conducted from June 2021 to June 2022 in a network of 306 hospitals and 164 emergency department and urgent care (ED/UC) facilities across 10 US states, including 4517 ED/UC encounters and 975 hospitalizations among pregnant people with COVID-19–like illness (CLI) who underwent SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing. Exposures Two doses (14-149 and ≥150 days prior) and 3 doses (7-119 and ≥120 days prior) of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (≥1 dose received during pregnancy) vs unvaccinated. Main Outcomes and Measures Estimated VE against laboratory-confirmed COVID-19–associated ED/UC encounter or hospitalization, based on the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for prior vaccination; VE was calculated as (1 − aOR) × 100%. Results Among 4517 eligible CLI-associated ED/UC encounters and 975 hospitalizations, 885 (19.6%) and 334 (34.3%) were SARS-CoV-2 positive, respectively; the median (IQR) patient age was 28 (24-32) years and 31 (26-35) years, 537 (12.0%) and 118 (12.0%) were non-Hispanic Black and 1189 (26.0%) and 240 (25.0%) were Hispanic. During Delta predominance, the estimated VE against COVID-19–associated ED/UC encounters was 84% (95% CI, 69% to 92%) for 2 doses within 14 to 149 days, 75% (95% CI, 5% to 93%) for 2 doses 150 or more days prior, and 81% (95% CI, 30% to 95%) for 3 doses 7 to 119 days prior; estimated VE against COVID-19–associated hospitalization was 99% (95% CI, 96% to 100%), 96% (95% CI, 86% to 99%), and 97% (95% CI, 79% to 100%), respectively. During Omicron predominance, for ED/UC encounters, the estimated VE of 2 doses within 14 to 149 days, 2 doses 150 or more days, 3 doses within 7 to 119 days, and 3 doses 120 or more days prior was 3% (95% CI, −49% to 37%), 42% (95% CI, −16% to 72%), 79% (95% CI, 59% to 89%), and −124% (95% CI, −414% to 2%), respectively; for hospitalization, estimated VE was 86% (95% CI, 41% to 97%), 64% (95% CI, −102% to 93%), 86% (95% CI, 28% to 97%), and −53% (95% CI, −1254% to 83%), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, maternal mRNA COVID-19 vaccination, including booster dose, was associated with protection against medically attended COVID-19. VE estimates were higher against COVID-19–associated hospitalization than ED/UC visits and lower against the Omicron variant than the Delta variant. Protection waned over time, particularly during Omicron predominance.

Related Topics

Infectious Diseases (Medical Specialty)

Concepts

Medicine Vaccination Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pregnancy Odds ratio Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Emergency department Odds Pediatrics Internal medicine Logistic regression Immunology Psychiatry Genetics Biology Disease Infectious disease (medical specialty)

Metadata

Type: article
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273
PDF: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2796667/schrag_2022_oi_220946_1663354309.99783.pdf
OA Status: gold
Cited By: 57
References: 30
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4297242649

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4297242649

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Estimation of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against Medically Attended COVID-19 in Pregnancy During Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance in the United States

Work title
Type: article

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2022

Year of publication
Publication date: 2022-09-26

Full publication date if available
Authors: Stephanie J. Schrag, Jennifer R. Verani, Brian E. Dixon, Jessica Pagé, Kristen Butterfield, Manjusha Gaglani, Gabriela Vazquez‐Benitez, Ousseny Zerbo, Karthik Natarajan, Toan C. Ong, Victoria Lazariu, Suchitra Rao, Ryan Beaver, Sascha Ellington, Nicola P. Klein, Stephanie A. Irving, Shaun J. Grannis, Salome A. Kiduko, Michelle A. Barron, John Midturi, Monica Dickerson, Ned Lewis, Melissa S. Stockwell, Edward Stenehjem, William F. Fadel, Ruth Link‐Gelles, Kempapura Murthy, Kristin Goddard, Nancy Grisel, Nimish R. Valvi, Bruce Fireman, Julie Arndorfer, Deepika Konatham, Sarah W. Ball, Mark G. Thompson, Allison L. Naleway

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2796667/schrag_2022_oi_220946_1663354309.99783.pdf

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: gold

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2796667/schrag_2022_oi_220946_1663354309.99783.pdf

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Medicine, Vaccination, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Pregnancy, Odds ratio, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Emergency department, Odds, Pediatrics, Internal medicine, Logistic regression, Immunology, Psychiatry, Genetics, Biology, Disease, Infectious disease (medical specialty)

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 57

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Citations by year (recent): 2025: 8, 2024: 15, 2023: 32, 2022: 2

Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
References (count): 30

Number of works referenced by this work
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4297242649
doi	https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273
ids.pmid	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36156146
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4297242649
fwci	16.1339538
mesh[0].qualifier_ui
mesh[0].descriptor_ui	D000328
mesh[0].is_major_topic	False
mesh[0].qualifier_name
mesh[0].descriptor_name	Adult
mesh[1].qualifier_ui	Q000453
mesh[1].descriptor_ui	D000086382
mesh[1].is_major_topic	True
mesh[1].qualifier_name	epidemiology
mesh[1].descriptor_name	COVID-19
mesh[2].qualifier_ui	Q000517
mesh[2].descriptor_ui	D000086382
mesh[2].is_major_topic	True
mesh[2].qualifier_name	prevention & control
mesh[2].descriptor_name	COVID-19
mesh[3].qualifier_ui
mesh[3].descriptor_ui	D000086663
mesh[3].is_major_topic	False
mesh[3].qualifier_name
mesh[3].descriptor_name	COVID-19 Vaccines
mesh[4].qualifier_ui
mesh[4].descriptor_ui	D016022
mesh[4].is_major_topic	False
mesh[4].qualifier_name
mesh[4].descriptor_name	Case-Control Studies
mesh[5].qualifier_ui
mesh[5].descriptor_ui	D005260
mesh[5].is_major_topic	False
mesh[5].qualifier_name
mesh[5].descriptor_name	Female
mesh[6].qualifier_ui
mesh[6].descriptor_ui	D006801
mesh[6].is_major_topic	False
mesh[6].qualifier_name
mesh[6].descriptor_name	Humans
mesh[7].qualifier_ui
mesh[7].descriptor_ui	D007252
mesh[7].is_major_topic	True
mesh[7].qualifier_name
mesh[7].descriptor_name	Influenza Vaccines
mesh[8].qualifier_ui	Q000517
mesh[8].descriptor_ui	D007251
mesh[8].is_major_topic	True
mesh[8].qualifier_name	prevention & control
mesh[8].descriptor_name	Influenza, Human
mesh[9].qualifier_ui
mesh[9].descriptor_ui	D011247
mesh[9].is_major_topic	False
mesh[9].qualifier_name
mesh[9].descriptor_name	Pregnancy
mesh[10].qualifier_ui	Q000453
mesh[10].descriptor_ui	D011251
mesh[10].is_major_topic	True
mesh[10].qualifier_name	epidemiology
mesh[10].descriptor_name	Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
mesh[11].qualifier_ui	Q000517
mesh[11].descriptor_ui	D011251
mesh[11].is_major_topic	True
mesh[11].qualifier_name	prevention & control
mesh[11].descriptor_name	Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
mesh[12].qualifier_ui
mesh[12].descriptor_ui	D023121
mesh[12].is_major_topic	False
mesh[12].qualifier_name
mesh[12].descriptor_name	RNA, Messenger, Stored
mesh[13].qualifier_ui	Q000235
mesh[13].descriptor_ui	D000086402
mesh[13].is_major_topic	False
mesh[13].qualifier_name	genetics
mesh[13].descriptor_name	SARS-CoV-2
mesh[14].qualifier_ui	Q000453
mesh[14].descriptor_ui	D014481
mesh[14].is_major_topic	False
mesh[14].qualifier_name	epidemiology
mesh[14].descriptor_name	United States
mesh[15].qualifier_ui
mesh[15].descriptor_ui	D014614
mesh[15].is_major_topic	False
mesh[15].qualifier_name
mesh[15].descriptor_name	Vaccines, Synthetic
mesh[16].qualifier_ui
mesh[16].descriptor_ui	D000087503
mesh[16].is_major_topic	False
mesh[16].qualifier_name
mesh[16].descriptor_name	mRNA Vaccines
mesh[17].qualifier_ui
mesh[17].descriptor_ui	D000328
mesh[17].is_major_topic	False
mesh[17].qualifier_name
mesh[17].descriptor_name	Adult
mesh[18].qualifier_ui	Q000453
mesh[18].descriptor_ui	D000086382
mesh[18].is_major_topic	True
mesh[18].qualifier_name	epidemiology
mesh[18].descriptor_name	COVID-19
mesh[19].qualifier_ui	Q000517
mesh[19].descriptor_ui	D000086382
mesh[19].is_major_topic	True
mesh[19].qualifier_name	prevention & control
mesh[19].descriptor_name	COVID-19
mesh[20].qualifier_ui
mesh[20].descriptor_ui	D000086663
mesh[20].is_major_topic	False
mesh[20].qualifier_name
mesh[20].descriptor_name	COVID-19 Vaccines
mesh[21].qualifier_ui
mesh[21].descriptor_ui	D016022
mesh[21].is_major_topic	False
mesh[21].qualifier_name
mesh[21].descriptor_name	Case-Control Studies
mesh[22].qualifier_ui
mesh[22].descriptor_ui	D005260
mesh[22].is_major_topic	False
mesh[22].qualifier_name
mesh[22].descriptor_name	Female
mesh[23].qualifier_ui
mesh[23].descriptor_ui	D006801
mesh[23].is_major_topic	False
mesh[23].qualifier_name
mesh[23].descriptor_name	Humans
mesh[24].qualifier_ui
mesh[24].descriptor_ui	D007252
mesh[24].is_major_topic	True
mesh[24].qualifier_name
mesh[24].descriptor_name	Influenza Vaccines
mesh[25].qualifier_ui	Q000517
mesh[25].descriptor_ui	D007251
mesh[25].is_major_topic	True
mesh[25].qualifier_name	prevention & control
mesh[25].descriptor_name	Influenza, Human
mesh[26].qualifier_ui
mesh[26].descriptor_ui	D011247
mesh[26].is_major_topic	False
mesh[26].qualifier_name
mesh[26].descriptor_name	Pregnancy
mesh[27].qualifier_ui	Q000453
mesh[27].descriptor_ui	D011251
mesh[27].is_major_topic	True
mesh[27].qualifier_name	epidemiology
mesh[27].descriptor_name	Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
mesh[28].qualifier_ui	Q000517
mesh[28].descriptor_ui	D011251
mesh[28].is_major_topic	True
mesh[28].qualifier_name	prevention & control
mesh[28].descriptor_name	Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
mesh[29].qualifier_ui
mesh[29].descriptor_ui	D023121
mesh[29].is_major_topic	False
mesh[29].qualifier_name
mesh[29].descriptor_name	RNA, Messenger, Stored
mesh[30].qualifier_ui	Q000235
mesh[30].descriptor_ui	D000086402
mesh[30].is_major_topic	False
mesh[30].qualifier_name	genetics
mesh[30].descriptor_name	SARS-CoV-2
mesh[31].qualifier_ui	Q000453
mesh[31].descriptor_ui	D014481
mesh[31].is_major_topic	False
mesh[31].qualifier_name	epidemiology
mesh[31].descriptor_name	United States
mesh[32].qualifier_ui
mesh[32].descriptor_ui	D014614
mesh[32].is_major_topic	False
mesh[32].qualifier_name
mesh[32].descriptor_name	Vaccines, Synthetic
mesh[33].qualifier_ui
mesh[33].descriptor_ui	D000087503
mesh[33].is_major_topic	False
mesh[33].qualifier_name
mesh[33].descriptor_name	mRNA Vaccines
mesh[34].qualifier_ui
mesh[34].descriptor_ui	D000328
mesh[34].is_major_topic	False
mesh[34].qualifier_name
mesh[34].descriptor_name	Adult
mesh[35].qualifier_ui	Q000453
mesh[35].descriptor_ui	D000086382
mesh[35].is_major_topic	True
mesh[35].qualifier_name	epidemiology
mesh[35].descriptor_name	COVID-19
mesh[36].qualifier_ui	Q000517
mesh[36].descriptor_ui	D000086382
mesh[36].is_major_topic	True
mesh[36].qualifier_name	prevention & control
mesh[36].descriptor_name	COVID-19
mesh[37].qualifier_ui
mesh[37].descriptor_ui	D000086663
mesh[37].is_major_topic	False
mesh[37].qualifier_name
mesh[37].descriptor_name	COVID-19 Vaccines
mesh[38].qualifier_ui
mesh[38].descriptor_ui	D016022
mesh[38].is_major_topic	False
mesh[38].qualifier_name
mesh[38].descriptor_name	Case-Control Studies
mesh[39].qualifier_ui
mesh[39].descriptor_ui	D005260
mesh[39].is_major_topic	False
mesh[39].qualifier_name
mesh[39].descriptor_name	Female
mesh[40].qualifier_ui
mesh[40].descriptor_ui	D006801
mesh[40].is_major_topic	False
mesh[40].qualifier_name
mesh[40].descriptor_name	Humans
mesh[41].qualifier_ui
mesh[41].descriptor_ui	D007252
mesh[41].is_major_topic	True
mesh[41].qualifier_name
mesh[41].descriptor_name	Influenza Vaccines
mesh[42].qualifier_ui	Q000517
mesh[42].descriptor_ui	D007251
mesh[42].is_major_topic	True
mesh[42].qualifier_name	prevention & control
mesh[42].descriptor_name	Influenza, Human
mesh[43].qualifier_ui
mesh[43].descriptor_ui	D011247
mesh[43].is_major_topic	False
mesh[43].qualifier_name
mesh[43].descriptor_name	Pregnancy
mesh[44].qualifier_ui	Q000453
mesh[44].descriptor_ui	D011251
mesh[44].is_major_topic	True
mesh[44].qualifier_name	epidemiology
mesh[44].descriptor_name	Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
mesh[45].qualifier_ui	Q000517
mesh[45].descriptor_ui	D011251
mesh[45].is_major_topic	True
mesh[45].qualifier_name	prevention & control
mesh[45].descriptor_name	Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
mesh[46].qualifier_ui
mesh[46].descriptor_ui	D023121
mesh[46].is_major_topic	False
mesh[46].qualifier_name
mesh[46].descriptor_name	RNA, Messenger, Stored
mesh[47].qualifier_ui	Q000235
mesh[47].descriptor_ui	D000086402
mesh[47].is_major_topic	False
mesh[47].qualifier_name	genetics
mesh[47].descriptor_name	SARS-CoV-2
mesh[48].qualifier_ui	Q000453
mesh[48].descriptor_ui	D014481
mesh[48].is_major_topic	False
mesh[48].qualifier_name	epidemiology
mesh[48].descriptor_name	United States
mesh[49].qualifier_ui
mesh[49].descriptor_ui	D014614
mesh[49].is_major_topic	False
mesh[49].qualifier_name
mesh[49].descriptor_name	Vaccines, Synthetic
type	article
title	Estimation of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against Medically Attended COVID-19 in Pregnancy During Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance in the United States
biblio.issue	9
biblio.volume	5
biblio.last_page	e2233273
biblio.first_page	e2233273
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T11987
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
topics[0].field.display_name	Medicine
topics[0].score	1.0
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
topics[0].domain.display_name	Health Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2729
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Obstetrics and Gynecology
topics[0].display_name	COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T11964
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
topics[1].field.display_name	Medicine
topics[1].score	0.995199978351593
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
topics[1].domain.display_name	Health Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2739
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
topics[1].display_name	Pregnancy and Medication Impact
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T11510
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/24
topics[2].field.display_name	Immunology and Microbiology
topics[2].score	0.994700014591217
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/1
topics[2].domain.display_name	Life Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2403
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Immunology
topics[2].display_name	Reproductive System and Pregnancy
is_xpac	False
apc_list.value	3000
apc_list.currency	USD
apc_list.value_usd	3000
apc_paid.value	3000
apc_paid.currency	USD
apc_paid.value_usd	3000
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C71924100
concepts[0].level	0
concepts[0].score	0.8301870822906494
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190
concepts[0].display_name	Medicine
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C22070199
concepts[1].level	2
concepts[1].score	0.7198454141616821
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995
concepts[1].display_name	Vaccination
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C3008058167
concepts[2].level	4
concepts[2].score	0.7154818177223206
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196
concepts[2].display_name	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C2779234561
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.5928291082382202
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995
concepts[3].display_name	Pregnancy
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C156957248
concepts[4].level	2
concepts[4].score	0.5441994071006775
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216
concepts[4].display_name	Odds ratio
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C3007834351
concepts[5].level	5
concepts[5].score	0.5370686650276184
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695
concepts[5].display_name	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C2780724011
concepts[6].level	2
concepts[6].score	0.505282461643219
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1295316
concepts[6].display_name	Emergency department
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C143095724
concepts[7].level	3
concepts[7].score	0.4245583117008209
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895
concepts[7].display_name	Odds
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C187212893
concepts[8].level	1
concepts[8].score	0.38359102606773376
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028
concepts[8].display_name	Pediatrics
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C126322002
concepts[9].level	1
concepts[9].score	0.3468223214149475
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180
concepts[9].display_name	Internal medicine
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C151956035
concepts[10].level	2
concepts[10].score	0.2138158082962036
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755
concepts[10].display_name	Logistic regression
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C203014093
concepts[11].level	1
concepts[11].score	0.20437848567962646
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929
concepts[11].display_name	Immunology
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C118552586
concepts[12].level	1
concepts[12].score	0.07116180658340454
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867
concepts[12].display_name	Psychiatry
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C54355233
concepts[13].level	1
concepts[13].score	0.0
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162
concepts[13].display_name	Genetics
concepts[14].id	https://openalex.org/C86803240
concepts[14].level	0
concepts[14].score	0.0
concepts[14].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420
concepts[14].display_name	Biology
concepts[15].id	https://openalex.org/C2779134260
concepts[15].level	2
concepts[15].score	0.0
concepts[15].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136
concepts[15].display_name	Disease
concepts[16].id	https://openalex.org/C524204448
concepts[16].level	3
concepts[16].score	0.0
concepts[16].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926
concepts[16].display_name	Infectious disease (medical specialty)
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine
keywords[0].score	0.8301870822906494
keywords[0].display_name	Medicine
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination
keywords[1].score	0.7198454141616821
keywords[1].display_name	Vaccination
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019
keywords[2].score	0.7154818177223206
keywords[2].display_name	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/pregnancy
keywords[3].score	0.5928291082382202
keywords[3].display_name	Pregnancy
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/odds-ratio
keywords[4].score	0.5441994071006775
keywords[4].display_name	Odds ratio
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2
keywords[5].score	0.5370686650276184
keywords[5].display_name	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department
keywords[6].score	0.505282461643219
keywords[6].display_name	Emergency department
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/odds
keywords[7].score	0.4245583117008209
keywords[7].display_name	Odds
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatrics
keywords[8].score	0.38359102606773376
keywords[8].display_name	Pediatrics
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine
keywords[9].score	0.3468223214149475
keywords[9].display_name	Internal medicine
keywords[10].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-regression
keywords[10].score	0.2138158082962036
keywords[10].display_name	Logistic regression
keywords[11].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology
keywords[11].score	0.20437848567962646
keywords[11].display_name	Immunology
keywords[12].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry
keywords[12].score	0.07116180658340454
keywords[12].display_name	Psychiatry
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4210217848
locations[0].source.issn	2574-3805
locations[0].source.type	journal
locations[0].source.is_oa	True
locations[0].source.issn_l	2574-3805
locations[0].source.is_core	True
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	True
locations[0].source.display_name	JAMA Network Open
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310320259
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	American Medical Association
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310320259
locations[0].license	cc-by
locations[0].pdf_url	https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2796667/schrag_2022_oi_220946_1663354309.99783.pdf
locations[0].version	publishedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	journal-article
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	True
locations[0].raw_source_name	JAMA Network Open
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273
locations[1].id	pmid:36156146
locations[1].is_oa	False
locations[1].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306525036
locations[1].source.issn
locations[1].source.type	repository
locations[1].source.is_oa	False
locations[1].source.issn_l
locations[1].source.is_core	False
locations[1].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[1].source.display_name	PubMed
locations[1].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[1].source.host_organization_name	National Institutes of Health
locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[1].license
locations[1].pdf_url
locations[1].version	publishedVersion
locations[1].raw_type
locations[1].license_id
locations[1].is_accepted	True
locations[1].is_published	True
locations[1].raw_source_name	JAMA network open
locations[1].landing_page_url	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36156146
locations[2].id	pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9513651
locations[2].is_oa	True
locations[2].source.id	https://openalex.org/S2764455111
locations[2].source.issn
locations[2].source.type	repository
locations[2].source.is_oa	False
locations[2].source.issn_l
locations[2].source.is_core	False
locations[2].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[2].source.display_name	PubMed Central
locations[2].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[2].source.host_organization_name	National Institutes of Health
locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[2].license	other-oa
locations[2].pdf_url
locations[2].version	submittedVersion
locations[2].raw_type	Text
locations[2].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa
locations[2].is_accepted	False
locations[2].is_published	False
locations[2].raw_source_name	JAMA Netw Open
locations[2].landing_page_url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9513651
locations[3].id	pmh:oai:scholarworks.indianapolis.iu.edu:1805/35498
locations[3].is_oa	True
locations[3].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306522653
locations[3].source.issn
locations[3].source.type	journal
locations[3].source.is_oa	False
locations[3].source.issn_l
locations[3].source.is_core	True
locations[3].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[3].source.display_name	PMC
locations[3].source.host_organization
locations[3].source.host_organization_name
locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage
locations[3].license	cc-by
locations[3].pdf_url
locations[3].version	submittedVersion
locations[3].raw_type	Article
locations[3].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[3].is_accepted	False
locations[3].is_published	False
locations[3].raw_source_name	PMC
locations[3].landing_page_url	https://hdl.handle.net/1805/35498
indexed_in	crossref, doaj, pubmed
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5041342651
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8113-2544
authorships[0].author.display_name	Stephanie J. Schrag
authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Stephanie J. Schrag
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5087653992
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-1883
authorships[1].author.display_name	Jennifer R. Verani
authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Jennifer R. Verani
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5016734595
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1121-0607
authorships[2].author.display_name	Brian E. Dixon
authorships[2].countries	US
authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I55769427
authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis
authorships[2].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[2].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
authorships[2].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I55769427
authorships[2].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05gxnyn08
authorships[2].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I55769427, https://openalex.org/I592451
authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name	Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
authorships[2].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[2].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/05f2ywb48
authorships[2].institutions[1].type	nonprofit
authorships[2].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[2].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[2].institutions[1].display_name	Regenstrief Institute
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Brian E. Dixon
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5008296507
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2570-4333
authorships[3].author.display_name	Jessica Pagé
authorships[3].countries	US
authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I108785884, https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
authorships[3].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I108785884
authorships[3].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/04mvr1r74
authorships[3].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I108785884
authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name	Intermountain Healthcare
authorships[3].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[3].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/03r0ha626
authorships[3].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name	University of Utah
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Jessica M. Page
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings	Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5070468695
authorships[4].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8667-8346
authorships[4].author.display_name	Kristen Butterfield
authorships[4].countries	US
authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Westat, Rockville, Maryland
authorships[4].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[4].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00wt7xg39
authorships[4].institutions[0].type	company
authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name	Westat (United States)
authorships[4].author_position	middle
authorships[4].raw_author_name	Kristen A. Butterfield
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings	Westat, Rockville, Maryland
authorships[5].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5081844185
authorships[5].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3952-9230
authorships[5].author.display_name	Manjusha Gaglani
authorships[5].countries	US
authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2801004183, https://openalex.org/I91045830
authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple
authorships[5].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[5].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas
authorships[5].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[5].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05wevan27
authorships[5].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name	Baylor Scott & White Health
authorships[5].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I2801004183
authorships[5].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/038s1ax16
authorships[5].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[5].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2801004183
authorships[5].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[5].institutions[1].display_name	Temple College
authorships[5].institutions[2].id	https://openalex.org/I91045830
authorships[5].institutions[2].ror	https://ror.org/01f5ytq51
authorships[5].institutions[2].type	education
authorships[5].institutions[2].lineage	https://openalex.org/I91045830
authorships[5].institutions[2].country_code	US
authorships[5].institutions[2].display_name	Texas A&M University
authorships[5].author_position	middle
authorships[5].raw_author_name	Manjusha Gaglani
authorships[5].is_corresponding	False
authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple
authorships[6].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5087679354
authorships[6].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6226-3207
authorships[6].author.display_name	Gabriela Vazquez‐Benitez
authorships[6].countries	US
authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I52792670
authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota
authorships[6].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I52792670
authorships[6].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/03s9ada67
authorships[6].institutions[0].type	nonprofit
authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I52792670
authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name	HealthPartners
authorships[6].author_position	middle
authorships[6].raw_author_name	Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez
authorships[6].is_corresponding	False
authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings	HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota
authorships[7].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5016019091
authorships[7].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-6215
authorships[7].author.display_name	Ousseny Zerbo
authorships[7].countries	US
authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[7].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[7].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00t60zh31
authorships[7].institutions[0].type	nonprofit
authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name	Kaiser Permanente
authorships[7].author_position	middle
authorships[7].raw_author_name	Ousseny Zerbo
authorships[7].is_corresponding	False
authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[8].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5080516734
authorships[8].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9066-9431
authorships[8].author.display_name	Karthik Natarajan
authorships[8].countries	US
authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2801107848
authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
authorships[8].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2799503643
authorships[8].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
authorships[8].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I2799503643
authorships[8].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01esghr10
authorships[8].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2799503643
authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name	Columbia University Irving Medical Center
authorships[8].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I2801107848
authorships[8].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/01j17xg39
authorships[8].institutions[1].type	healthcare
authorships[8].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2801107848
authorships[8].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[8].institutions[1].display_name	New York Hospital Queens
authorships[8].author_position	middle
authorships[8].raw_author_name	Karthik Natarajan
authorships[8].is_corresponding	False
authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
authorships[9].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5005960274
authorships[9].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-1407
authorships[9].author.display_name	Toan C. Ong
authorships[9].countries	US
authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I51713134
authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
authorships[9].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I51713134
authorships[9].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/03wmf1y16
authorships[9].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I51713134
authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name	University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
authorships[9].author_position	middle
authorships[9].raw_author_name	Toan C. Ong
authorships[9].is_corresponding	False
authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings	School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
authorships[10].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5056511598
authorships[10].author.orcid
authorships[10].author.display_name	Victoria Lazariu
authorships[10].countries	US
authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Westat, Rockville, Maryland
authorships[10].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[10].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00wt7xg39
authorships[10].institutions[0].type	company
authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name	Westat (United States)
authorships[10].author_position	middle
authorships[10].raw_author_name	Victoria Lazariu
authorships[10].is_corresponding	False
authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings	Westat, Rockville, Maryland
authorships[11].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5064937907
authorships[11].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0334-6301
authorships[11].author.display_name	Suchitra Rao
authorships[11].countries	US
authorships[11].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I51713134
authorships[11].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
authorships[11].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I51713134
authorships[11].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/03wmf1y16
authorships[11].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[11].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I51713134
authorships[11].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[11].institutions[0].display_name	University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
authorships[11].author_position	middle
authorships[11].raw_author_name	Suchitra Rao
authorships[11].is_corresponding	False
authorships[11].raw_affiliation_strings	School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
authorships[12].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5078193262
authorships[12].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-9478
authorships[12].author.display_name	Ryan Beaver
authorships[12].countries	US
authorships[12].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[12].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas
authorships[12].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[12].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05wevan27
authorships[12].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[12].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[12].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[12].institutions[0].display_name	Baylor Scott & White Health
authorships[12].author_position	middle
authorships[12].raw_author_name	Ryan Beaver
authorships[12].is_corresponding	False
authorships[12].raw_affiliation_strings	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas
authorships[13].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5047592108
authorships[13].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5584-5006
authorships[13].author.display_name	Sascha Ellington
authorships[13].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[13].author_position	middle
authorships[13].raw_author_name	Sascha R. Ellington
authorships[13].is_corresponding	False
authorships[13].raw_affiliation_strings	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[14].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5034478332
authorships[14].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1777-4814
authorships[14].author.display_name	Nicola P. Klein
authorships[14].countries	US
authorships[14].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[14].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[14].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[14].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00t60zh31
authorships[14].institutions[0].type	nonprofit
authorships[14].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[14].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[14].institutions[0].display_name	Kaiser Permanente
authorships[14].author_position	middle
authorships[14].raw_author_name	Nicola P. Klein
authorships[14].is_corresponding	False
authorships[14].raw_affiliation_strings	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[15].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5056128918
authorships[15].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7437-6797
authorships[15].author.display_name	Stephanie A. Irving
authorships[15].countries	US
authorships[15].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210114677
authorships[15].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon
authorships[15].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210114677
authorships[15].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/028gzjv13
authorships[15].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[15].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1343052199, https://openalex.org/I4210114677
authorships[15].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[15].institutions[0].display_name	Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
authorships[15].author_position	middle
authorships[15].raw_author_name	Stephanie A. Irving
authorships[15].is_corresponding	False
authorships[15].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon
authorships[16].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5053301712
authorships[16].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8093-6639
authorships[16].author.display_name	Shaun J. Grannis
authorships[16].countries	US
authorships[16].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4394709130, https://openalex.org/I55769427
authorships[16].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
authorships[16].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[16].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
authorships[16].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4394709130
authorships[16].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/02ets8c94
authorships[16].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[16].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4394709130, https://openalex.org/I592451
authorships[16].institutions[0].country_code
authorships[16].institutions[0].display_name	Indiana University School of Medicine
authorships[16].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I55769427
authorships[16].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/05gxnyn08
authorships[16].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[16].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I55769427, https://openalex.org/I592451
authorships[16].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[16].institutions[1].display_name	Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
authorships[16].institutions[2].id	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[16].institutions[2].ror	https://ror.org/05f2ywb48
authorships[16].institutions[2].type	nonprofit
authorships[16].institutions[2].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[16].institutions[2].country_code	US
authorships[16].institutions[2].display_name	Regenstrief Institute
authorships[16].author_position	middle
authorships[16].raw_author_name	Shaun J. Grannis
authorships[16].is_corresponding	False
authorships[16].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
authorships[17].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5018058854
authorships[17].author.orcid
authorships[17].author.display_name	Salome A. Kiduko
authorships[17].countries	US
authorships[17].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[17].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Westat, Rockville, Maryland
authorships[17].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[17].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00wt7xg39
authorships[17].institutions[0].type	company
authorships[17].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[17].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[17].institutions[0].display_name	Westat (United States)
authorships[17].author_position	middle
authorships[17].raw_author_name	Salome Kiduko
authorships[17].is_corresponding	False
authorships[17].raw_affiliation_strings	Westat, Rockville, Maryland
authorships[18].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5027395964
authorships[18].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8217-7410
authorships[18].author.display_name	Michelle A. Barron
authorships[18].countries	US
authorships[18].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I51713134
authorships[18].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
authorships[18].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I51713134
authorships[18].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/03wmf1y16
authorships[18].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[18].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I51713134
authorships[18].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[18].institutions[0].display_name	University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
authorships[18].author_position	middle
authorships[18].raw_author_name	Michelle A. Barron
authorships[18].is_corresponding	False
authorships[18].raw_affiliation_strings	School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
authorships[19].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5010808446
authorships[19].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6445-4130
authorships[19].author.display_name	John Midturi
authorships[19].countries	US
authorships[19].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[19].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas
authorships[19].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[19].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05wevan27
authorships[19].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[19].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[19].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[19].institutions[0].display_name	Baylor Scott & White Health
authorships[19].author_position	middle
authorships[19].raw_author_name	John Midturi
authorships[19].is_corresponding	False
authorships[19].raw_affiliation_strings	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas
authorships[20].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5051978412
authorships[20].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7468-9240
authorships[20].author.display_name	Monica Dickerson
authorships[20].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[20].author_position	middle
authorships[20].raw_author_name	Monica Dickerson
authorships[20].is_corresponding	False
authorships[20].raw_affiliation_strings	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[21].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5110162074
authorships[21].author.orcid
authorships[21].author.display_name	Ned Lewis
authorships[21].countries	US
authorships[21].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[21].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[21].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[21].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00t60zh31
authorships[21].institutions[0].type	nonprofit
authorships[21].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[21].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[21].institutions[0].display_name	Kaiser Permanente
authorships[21].author_position	middle
authorships[21].raw_author_name	Ned Lewis
authorships[21].is_corresponding	False
authorships[21].raw_affiliation_strings	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[22].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5081574419
authorships[22].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2113-7247
authorships[22].author.display_name	Melissa S. Stockwell
authorships[22].countries	US
authorships[22].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2801107848
authorships[22].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
authorships[22].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I78577930
authorships[22].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
authorships[22].affiliations[2].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I78577930
authorships[22].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string	Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
authorships[22].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I78577930
authorships[22].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00hj8s172
authorships[22].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[22].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I78577930
authorships[22].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[22].institutions[0].display_name	Columbia University
authorships[22].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I2801107848
authorships[22].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/01j17xg39
authorships[22].institutions[1].type	healthcare
authorships[22].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2801107848
authorships[22].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[22].institutions[1].display_name	New York Hospital Queens
authorships[22].author_position	middle
authorships[22].raw_author_name	Melissa S. Stockwell
authorships[22].is_corresponding	False
authorships[22].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
authorships[23].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5056089454
authorships[23].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6065-9964
authorships[23].author.display_name	Edward Stenehjem
authorships[23].countries	US
authorships[23].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I108785884, https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[23].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
authorships[23].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I108785884
authorships[23].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/04mvr1r74
authorships[23].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[23].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I108785884
authorships[23].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[23].institutions[0].display_name	Intermountain Healthcare
authorships[23].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[23].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/03r0ha626
authorships[23].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[23].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[23].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[23].institutions[1].display_name	University of Utah
authorships[23].author_position	middle
authorships[23].raw_author_name	Edward Stenehjem
authorships[23].is_corresponding	False
authorships[23].raw_affiliation_strings	Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
authorships[24].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5004523264
authorships[24].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0292-6734
authorships[24].author.display_name	William F. Fadel
authorships[24].countries	US
authorships[24].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I55769427
authorships[24].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis
authorships[24].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[24].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
authorships[24].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I55769427
authorships[24].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05gxnyn08
authorships[24].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[24].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I55769427, https://openalex.org/I592451
authorships[24].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[24].institutions[0].display_name	Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
authorships[24].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[24].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/05f2ywb48
authorships[24].institutions[1].type	nonprofit
authorships[24].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[24].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[24].institutions[1].display_name	Regenstrief Institute
authorships[24].author_position	middle
authorships[24].raw_author_name	William F. Fadel
authorships[24].is_corresponding	False
authorships[24].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis
authorships[25].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5020614173
authorships[25].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9617-806X
authorships[25].author.display_name	Ruth Link‐Gelles
authorships[25].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[25].author_position	middle
authorships[25].raw_author_name	Ruth Link-Gelles
authorships[25].is_corresponding	True
authorships[25].raw_affiliation_strings	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[26].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5110964455
authorships[26].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0437-5179
authorships[26].author.display_name	Kempapura Murthy
authorships[26].countries	US
authorships[26].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[26].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas
authorships[26].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[26].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05wevan27
authorships[26].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[26].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[26].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[26].institutions[0].display_name	Baylor Scott & White Health
authorships[26].author_position	middle
authorships[26].raw_author_name	Kempapura Murthy
authorships[26].is_corresponding	False
authorships[26].raw_affiliation_strings	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas
authorships[27].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5088198148
authorships[27].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-2958
authorships[27].author.display_name	Kristin Goddard
authorships[27].countries	US
authorships[27].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[27].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[27].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[27].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00t60zh31
authorships[27].institutions[0].type	nonprofit
authorships[27].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[27].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[27].institutions[0].display_name	Kaiser Permanente
authorships[27].author_position	middle
authorships[27].raw_author_name	Kristin Goddard
authorships[27].is_corresponding	False
authorships[27].raw_affiliation_strings	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[28].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5006012150
authorships[28].author.orcid
authorships[28].author.display_name	Nancy Grisel
authorships[28].countries	US
authorships[28].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I108785884, https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[28].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
authorships[28].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I108785884
authorships[28].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/04mvr1r74
authorships[28].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[28].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I108785884
authorships[28].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[28].institutions[0].display_name	Intermountain Healthcare
authorships[28].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[28].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/03r0ha626
authorships[28].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[28].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[28].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[28].institutions[1].display_name	University of Utah
authorships[28].author_position	middle
authorships[28].raw_author_name	Nancy Grisel
authorships[28].is_corresponding	False
authorships[28].raw_affiliation_strings	Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
authorships[29].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5082404295
authorships[29].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1699-7549
authorships[29].author.display_name	Nimish R. Valvi
authorships[29].countries	US
authorships[29].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[29].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
authorships[29].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[29].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05f2ywb48
authorships[29].institutions[0].type	nonprofit
authorships[29].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1324682000
authorships[29].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[29].institutions[0].display_name	Regenstrief Institute
authorships[29].author_position	middle
authorships[29].raw_author_name	Nimish R. Valvi
authorships[29].is_corresponding	False
authorships[29].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
authorships[30].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5059023087
authorships[30].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1652-985X
authorships[30].author.display_name	Bruce Fireman
authorships[30].countries	US
authorships[30].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[30].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[30].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[30].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00t60zh31
authorships[30].institutions[0].type	nonprofit
authorships[30].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1343052199
authorships[30].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[30].institutions[0].display_name	Kaiser Permanente
authorships[30].author_position	middle
authorships[30].raw_author_name	Bruce Fireman
authorships[30].is_corresponding	False
authorships[30].raw_affiliation_strings	Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland
authorships[31].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5058800503
authorships[31].author.orcid
authorships[31].author.display_name	Julie Arndorfer
authorships[31].countries	US
authorships[31].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I108785884, https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[31].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
authorships[31].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I108785884
authorships[31].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/04mvr1r74
authorships[31].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[31].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I108785884
authorships[31].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[31].institutions[0].display_name	Intermountain Healthcare
authorships[31].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[31].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/03r0ha626
authorships[31].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[31].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I223532165
authorships[31].institutions[1].country_code	US
authorships[31].institutions[1].display_name	University of Utah
authorships[31].author_position	middle
authorships[31].raw_author_name	Julie Arndorfer
authorships[31].is_corresponding	False
authorships[31].raw_affiliation_strings	Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
authorships[32].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5005759933
authorships[32].author.orcid
authorships[32].author.display_name	Deepika Konatham
authorships[32].countries	US
authorships[32].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[32].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas
authorships[32].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[32].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05wevan27
authorships[32].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[32].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210160418
authorships[32].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[32].institutions[0].display_name	Baylor Scott & White Health
authorships[32].author_position	middle
authorships[32].raw_author_name	Deepika Konatham
authorships[32].is_corresponding	False
authorships[32].raw_affiliation_strings	Baylor Scott & White Health Temple, Texas
authorships[33].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5050997539
authorships[33].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-8107
authorships[33].author.display_name	Sarah W. Ball
authorships[33].countries	US
authorships[33].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[33].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Westat, Rockville, Maryland
authorships[33].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[33].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00wt7xg39
authorships[33].institutions[0].type	company
authorships[33].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1333523220
authorships[33].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[33].institutions[0].display_name	Westat (United States)
authorships[33].author_position	middle
authorships[33].raw_author_name	Sarah Ball
authorships[33].is_corresponding	False
authorships[33].raw_affiliation_strings	Westat, Rockville, Maryland
authorships[34].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5102958991
authorships[34].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0046-3147
authorships[34].author.display_name	Mark G. Thompson
authorships[34].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[34].author_position	middle
authorships[34].raw_author_name	Mark G. Thompson
authorships[34].is_corresponding	False
authorships[34].raw_affiliation_strings	CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia
authorships[35].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5006755486
authorships[35].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5747-4643
authorships[35].author.display_name	Allison L. Naleway
authorships[35].countries	US
authorships[35].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210114677
authorships[35].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon
authorships[35].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210114677
authorships[35].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/028gzjv13
authorships[35].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[35].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1343052199, https://openalex.org/I4210114677
authorships[35].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[35].institutions[0].display_name	Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research
authorships[35].author_position	last
authorships[35].raw_author_name	Allison L. Naleway
authorships[35].is_corresponding	False
authorships[35].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	True
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2796667/schrag_2022_oi_220946_1663354309.99783.pdf
open_access.oa_status	gold
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Estimation of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against Medically Attended COVID-19 in Pregnancy During Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance in the United States
has_fulltext	True
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T11987
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
primary_topic.field.display_name	Medicine
primary_topic.score	1.0
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Health Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2729
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Obstetrics and Gynecology
primary_topic.display_name	COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
related_works	https://openalex.org/W1604849300, https://openalex.org/W4315650970, https://openalex.org/W2118847041, https://openalex.org/W2024025088, https://openalex.org/W2016483411, https://openalex.org/W2403534611, https://openalex.org/W2167134322, https://openalex.org/W2419315711, https://openalex.org/W2406819912, https://openalex.org/W2038226175
cited_by_count	57
counts_by_year[0].year	2025
counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count	8
counts_by_year[1].year	2024
counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count	15
counts_by_year[2].year	2023
counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count	32
counts_by_year[3].year	2022
counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count	2
locations_count	4
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4210217848
best_oa_location.source.issn	2574-3805
best_oa_location.source.type	journal
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.issn_l	2574-3805
best_oa_location.source.is_core	True
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	True
best_oa_location.source.display_name	JAMA Network Open
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310320259
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	American Medical Association
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310320259
best_oa_location.license	cc-by
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2796667/schrag_2022_oi_220946_1663354309.99783.pdf
best_oa_location.version	publishedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	journal-article
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	True
best_oa_location.raw_source_name	JAMA Network Open
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273
primary_location.id	doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4210217848
primary_location.source.issn	2574-3805
primary_location.source.type	journal
primary_location.source.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.issn_l	2574-3805
primary_location.source.is_core	True
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	True
primary_location.source.display_name	JAMA Network Open
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310320259
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	American Medical Association
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310320259
primary_location.license	cc-by
primary_location.pdf_url	https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2796667/schrag_2022_oi_220946_1663354309.99783.pdf
primary_location.version	publishedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	journal-article
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	True
primary_location.raw_source_name	JAMA Network Open
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33273
publication_date	2022-09-26
publication_year	2022
referenced_works	https://openalex.org/W3081982443, https://openalex.org/W4205378048, https://openalex.org/W3182713040, https://openalex.org/W3180834485, https://openalex.org/W3195743644, https://openalex.org/W3207592522, https://openalex.org/W3203370784, https://openalex.org/W3198593250, https://openalex.org/W1988399918, https://openalex.org/W3167507776, https://openalex.org/W4233124781, https://openalex.org/W4211242522, https://openalex.org/W4239398330, https://openalex.org/W4220739924, https://openalex.org/W4220907252, https://openalex.org/W4210892057, https://openalex.org/W3208400521, https://openalex.org/W4212904863, https://openalex.org/W4205144101, https://openalex.org/W4220968998, https://openalex.org/W3041022636, https://openalex.org/W4221071073, https://openalex.org/W4206320172, https://openalex.org/W4206367355, https://openalex.org/W2110818436, https://openalex.org/W4226140426, https://openalex.org/W4225808256, https://openalex.org/W1986223776, https://openalex.org/W4226246286, https://openalex.org/W4225340767
referenced_works_count	30
abstract_inverted_index.2	225, 239, 297, 304
abstract_inverted_index.3	109, 254, 310, 318
abstract_inverted_index.7	256, 313
abstract_inverted_index.a	63
abstract_inverted_index.(1	154
abstract_inverted_index.10	78
abstract_inverted_index.14	228, 300
abstract_inverted_index.28	184
abstract_inverted_index.3%	326
abstract_inverted_index.31	188
abstract_inverted_index.5%	235
abstract_inverted_index.In	386
abstract_inverted_index.To	26
abstract_inverted_index.US	79
abstract_inverted_index.VE	132, 150, 212, 262, 295, 355, 404
abstract_inverted_index.as	153
abstract_inverted_index.at	4
abstract_inverted_index.in	62
abstract_inverted_index.of	31, 65, 116, 296
abstract_inverted_index.on	18, 141
abstract_inverted_index.or	138, 242, 307, 321
abstract_inverted_index.to	59, 222, 229, 236, 251, 257, 271, 277, 284, 301, 314, 330, 336, 342, 349, 361, 367, 373, 380
abstract_inverted_index.vs	125
abstract_inverted_index.×	157
abstract_inverted_index.118	194
abstract_inverted_index.119	258, 315
abstract_inverted_index.120	320
abstract_inverted_index.149	230, 302
abstract_inverted_index.150	241, 306
abstract_inverted_index.164	69
abstract_inverted_index.240	203
abstract_inverted_index.28%	372
abstract_inverted_index.30%	250
abstract_inverted_index.306	66
abstract_inverted_index.334	172
abstract_inverted_index.41%	360
abstract_inverted_index.42%	332
abstract_inverted_index.537	191
abstract_inverted_index.59%	341
abstract_inverted_index.64%	363
abstract_inverted_index.69%	221
abstract_inverted_index.75%	232
abstract_inverted_index.79%	283, 338
abstract_inverted_index.81%	247
abstract_inverted_index.84%	218
abstract_inverted_index.86%	276, 357, 369
abstract_inverted_index.885	169
abstract_inverted_index.96%	270, 273
abstract_inverted_index.97%	280
abstract_inverted_index.975	86, 167
abstract_inverted_index.99%	267
abstract_inverted_index.CI,	220, 234, 249, 269, 275, 282, 328, 334, 340, 347, 359, 365, 371, 378
abstract_inverted_index.Two	101
abstract_inverted_index.age	182
abstract_inverted_index.and	43, 48, 68, 72, 85, 104, 108, 112, 129, 166, 171, 187, 193, 199, 202, 246, 279, 317, 344, 375, 384, 414
abstract_inverted_index.are	3, 23
abstract_inverted_index.but	10
abstract_inverted_index.for	7, 147, 224, 238, 253, 290, 352
abstract_inverted_index.the	28, 142, 178, 210, 293, 417, 421
abstract_inverted_index.was	54, 151, 183, 217, 266, 325, 356, 396
abstract_inverted_index.who	95
abstract_inverted_index.−	155
abstract_inverted_index.(95%	219, 233, 248, 268, 274, 281, 327, 333, 339, 346, 358, 364, 370, 377
abstract_inverted_index.(VE)	22
abstract_inverted_index.1189	200
abstract_inverted_index.2%),	350
abstract_inverted_index.2021	58
abstract_inverted_index.2022	61
abstract_inverted_index.4517	82, 161
abstract_inverted_index.92%)	223
abstract_inverted_index.93%)	237
abstract_inverted_index.95%)	252
abstract_inverted_index.June	57, 60
abstract_inverted_index.Main	127
abstract_inverted_index.This	50
abstract_inverted_index.aOR)	156
abstract_inverted_index.care	74
abstract_inverted_index.data	17
abstract_inverted_index.days	106, 114, 244, 259, 323
abstract_inverted_index.dose	121
abstract_inverted_index.from	13, 56
abstract_inverted_index.high	5
abstract_inverted_index.mRNA	14, 32, 118, 390
abstract_inverted_index.more	243, 308, 322
abstract_inverted_index.odds	144
abstract_inverted_index.over	426
abstract_inverted_index.risk	6
abstract_inverted_index.than	411, 420
abstract_inverted_index.this	387
abstract_inverted_index.were	11, 174, 196, 205, 406
abstract_inverted_index.with	91, 398
abstract_inverted_index.(CLI)	94
abstract_inverted_index.(IQR)	180
abstract_inverted_index.(aOR)	146
abstract_inverted_index.(≥1	120
abstract_inverted_index.100%.	158
abstract_inverted_index.37%),	331
abstract_inverted_index.72%),	337
abstract_inverted_index.83%),	381
abstract_inverted_index.89%),	343
abstract_inverted_index.93%),	368
abstract_inverted_index.97%),	362, 374
abstract_inverted_index.99%),	278
abstract_inverted_index.Among	160
abstract_inverted_index.Black	198
abstract_inverted_index.Delta	42, 208, 422
abstract_inverted_index.ED/UC	83, 136, 164, 215, 291, 412
abstract_inverted_index.among	38, 88
abstract_inverted_index.based	140
abstract_inverted_index.days,	231, 303, 309, 316
abstract_inverted_index.dose,	395
abstract_inverted_index.doses	102, 110, 226, 240, 255, 298, 305, 311, 319
abstract_inverted_index.lower	415
abstract_inverted_index.prior	148, 324
abstract_inverted_index.ratio	145
abstract_inverted_index.study	53
abstract_inverted_index.time,	427
abstract_inverted_index.waned	425
abstract_inverted_index.years	186
abstract_inverted_index.(7-119	111
abstract_inverted_index.100%),	272, 285
abstract_inverted_index.During	207, 287
abstract_inverted_index.across	77
abstract_inverted_index.during	41, 123, 429
abstract_inverted_index.higher	407
abstract_inverted_index.median	179
abstract_inverted_index.people	2, 40, 90
abstract_inverted_index.prior)	107, 115
abstract_inverted_index.prior,	245
abstract_inverted_index.prior;	260
abstract_inverted_index.severe	8
abstract_inverted_index.study,	388
abstract_inverted_index.urgent	73
abstract_inverted_index.visits	413
abstract_inverted_index.within	227, 299, 312
abstract_inverted_index.years,	190
abstract_inverted_index.−16%	335
abstract_inverted_index.−49%	329
abstract_inverted_index.−53%	376
abstract_inverted_index.≥120	113
abstract_inverted_index.≥150	105
abstract_inverted_index.(12.0%)	192, 195
abstract_inverted_index.(14-149	103
abstract_inverted_index.(19.6%)	170
abstract_inverted_index.(24-32)	185
abstract_inverted_index.(25.0%)	204
abstract_inverted_index.(26-35)	189
abstract_inverted_index.(26.0%)	201
abstract_inverted_index.(34.3%)	173
abstract_inverted_index.(ED/UC)	75
abstract_inverted_index.Design,	46
abstract_inverted_index.Omicron	44, 288, 418, 430
abstract_inverted_index.Results	159
abstract_inverted_index.against	34, 133, 213, 263, 400, 408, 416
abstract_inverted_index.booster	394
abstract_inverted_index.illness	93
abstract_inverted_index.needed.	24
abstract_inverted_index.network	64
abstract_inverted_index.patient	181
abstract_inverted_index.states,	80
abstract_inverted_index.trials;	16
abstract_inverted_index.vaccine	15, 20, 119
abstract_inverted_index.variant	419
abstract_inverted_index.−102%	366
abstract_inverted_index.−124%	345
abstract_inverted_index.−414%	348
abstract_inverted_index.COVID-19	9, 19, 37, 117, 391
abstract_inverted_index.Measures	130
abstract_inverted_index.Outcomes	128
abstract_inverted_index.Pregnant	1
abstract_inverted_index.Setting,	47
abstract_inverted_index.adjusted	143
abstract_inverted_index.attended	36, 402
abstract_inverted_index.eligible	162
abstract_inverted_index.evaluate	27
abstract_inverted_index.excluded	12
abstract_inverted_index.maternal	389
abstract_inverted_index.pregnant	39, 89
abstract_inverted_index.received	122
abstract_inverted_index.testing.	99
abstract_inverted_index.variant.	423
abstract_inverted_index.−1254%	379
abstract_inverted_index.COVID-19.	403
abstract_inverted_index.Estimated	131
abstract_inverted_index.Exposures	100
abstract_inverted_index.Hispanic.	206
abstract_inverted_index.Objective	25
abstract_inverted_index.Relevance	385
abstract_inverted_index.conducted	55
abstract_inverted_index.emergency	70
abstract_inverted_index.encounter	137
abstract_inverted_index.estimated	29, 211, 261, 294, 354
abstract_inverted_index.estimates	405
abstract_inverted_index.hospitals	67
abstract_inverted_index.including	81, 393
abstract_inverted_index.medically	35, 401
abstract_inverted_index.molecular	98
abstract_inverted_index.positive,	176
abstract_inverted_index.underwent	96
abstract_inverted_index.Importance	0
abstract_inverted_index.Protection	424
abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2	97, 175
abstract_inverted_index.associated	397
abstract_inverted_index.calculated	152
abstract_inverted_index.department	71
abstract_inverted_index.encounters	84, 165, 216
abstract_inverted_index.facilities	76
abstract_inverted_index.pregnancy)	124
abstract_inverted_index.protection	399
abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions	383
abstract_inverted_index.encounters,	292
abstract_inverted_index.vaccination	33
abstract_inverted_index.Participants	49
abstract_inverted_index.case-control	52
abstract_inverted_index.non-Hispanic	197
abstract_inverted_index.particularly	428
abstract_inverted_index.vaccination,	392
abstract_inverted_index.vaccination;	149
abstract_inverted_index.effectiveness	21, 30
abstract_inverted_index.predominance,	209, 289
abstract_inverted_index.predominance.	45, 431
abstract_inverted_index.respectively.	286, 382
abstract_inverted_index.respectively;	177, 351
abstract_inverted_index.unvaccinated.	126
abstract_inverted_index.CLI-associated	163
abstract_inverted_index.test-negative,	51
abstract_inverted_index.COVID-19–like	92
abstract_inverted_index.hospitalization	265, 410
abstract_inverted_index.hospitalization,	139, 353
abstract_inverted_index.hospitalizations	87
abstract_inverted_index.hospitalizations,	168
abstract_inverted_index.laboratory-confirmed	134
abstract_inverted_index.COVID-19–associated	135, 214, 264, 409
cited_by_percentile_year.max	100
cited_by_percentile_year.min	94
corresponding_author_ids	https://openalex.org/A5020614173
countries_distinct_count	1
institutions_distinct_count	36
sustainable_development_goals[0].id	https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3
sustainable_development_goals[0].score	0.7799999713897705
sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name	Good health and well-being
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.99039496
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	True
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	True