Estimation of Parental Effects Using Polygenic Scores Article Swipe
Jared V. Balbona
,
Yongkang Kim
,
Matthew C. Keller
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-020-10032-w
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-020-10032-w
Offspring resemble their parents for both genetic and environmental reasons. Understanding the relative magnitude of these alternatives has long been a core interest in behavioral genetics research, but traditional designs, which compare phenotypic covariances to make inferences about unmeasured genetic and environmental factors, have struggled to disentangle them. Recently, Kong et al. (2018) showed that by correlating offspring phenotypic values with the measured polygenic score of parents’ nontransmitted alleles, one can estimate the effect of “genetic nurture”—a type of passive gene–environment covariation that arises when heritable parental traits directly influence offspring traits. Here, we instantiate this basic idea in a set of causal models that provide novel insights into the estimation of parental influences on offspring. Most importantly, we show how jointly modeling the parental polygenic scores and the offspring phenotypes can provide an unbiased estimate of the variation attributable to the environmental influence of parents on offspring, even when the polygenic score accounts for a small fraction of trait heritability. This model can be further extended to (a) account for the influence of different types of assortative mating, (b) estimate the total variation due to additive genetic effects and their covariance with the familial environment (i.e., the full genetic nurture effect), and (c) model situations where a parental trait influences a different offspring trait. By utilizing structural equation modeling techniques developed for extended twin family designs, our approach provides a general framework for modeling polygenic scores in family studies and allows for various model extensions that can be used to answer old questions about familial influences in new ways.
Related Topics
Concepts
Heritability
Offspring
Nature versus nurture
Trait
Assortative mating
Additive genetic effects
Behavioural genetics
Biology
Structural equation modeling
Genetics
Quantitative genetics
Quantitative trait locus
Genetic variation
Statistics
Mating
Gene
Mathematics
Computer science
Pregnancy
Programming language
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-020-10032-w
- https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10519-020-10032-w.pdf
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 63
- References
- 40
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3115855183
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W3115855183Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-020-10032-wDigital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Estimation of Parental Effects Using Polygenic ScoresWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-01-02Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Jared V. Balbona, Yongkang Kim, Matthew C. KellerList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-020-10032-wPublisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10519-020-10032-w.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10519-020-10032-w.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Heritability, Offspring, Nature versus nurture, Trait, Assortative mating, Additive genetic effects, Behavioural genetics, Biology, Structural equation modeling, Genetics, Quantitative genetics, Quantitative trait locus, Genetic variation, Statistics, Mating, Gene, Mathematics, Computer science, Pregnancy, Programming languageTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
63Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 8, 2024: 13, 2023: 14, 2022: 15, 2021: 11Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
40Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Life in Land |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.98513033 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |