Examining sports coaches’ mental health literacy: evidence from UK athletics Article Swipe
Sophie Warden
,
Greg Doncaster
,
Kenny Greenough
,
Andy Smith
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160
There is increasing interest in the role sports coaches are expected to play in supporting the mental health of elite and sub-elite athletes. This paper presents the first single-sport, mixed-methods, study of UK athletics coaches’ mental health literacy (MHL). We extend previous quantitative survey-based UK studies by incorporating the qualitative lived experiences of coaches into the analysis. We explore coaches’ knowledge of mental health and illness, experience of mental health training, and willingness to support athletes with mental illness. An online survey of 184 UK athletics coaches revealed that MHL was highest among women, younger coaches, and coaches with less experience. No statistical differences were found between MHL score and disability, sexuality or region in which coaches worked. Interviews held with a sub-sample of 25 survey respondents revealed a lack of clear consensus about what constitutes mental health and mental illness, and that coaches’ everyday views of these did not always correspond with formal definitions or conceptualisations. Coaches’ views were instead typically characterised by dominant psychological and psychiatric understandings of mental health and illness, while the significance of social relations and inequalities were often overlooked. There was a general willingness among coaches to support athlete mental health as an aspect of their duty of care, but most lacked the relevant training and understanding to do so effectively because such training was not implemented systematically within their organisational practice. Coaches’ call for mandatory athletics-specific mental health training was one strategy thought to better enhance coaches’ skills, knowledge and intentions to provide and seek mental health support. Important though MHL training and other sources of support is, we conclude that this is likely insufficient on its own and that there is a parallel need for multi-level, systems-wide, approaches in sport and wider society to better support the mental health of everyone.
Related Topics
Concepts
Mental health
Psychology
Mental health literacy
Mental illness
Athletes
Applied psychology
Psychiatry
Medicine
Physical therapy
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160
- https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160?needAccess=true&role=button
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 6
- References
- 32
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4379647033
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4379647033Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Examining sports coaches’ mental health literacy: evidence from UK athleticsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-06-07Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Sophie Warden, Greg Doncaster, Kenny Greenough, Andy SmithList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160?needAccess=true&role=buttonDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160?needAccess=true&role=buttonDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Mental health, Psychology, Mental health literacy, Mental illness, Athletes, Applied psychology, Psychiatry, Medicine, Physical therapyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
6Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 4, 2024: 1, 2023: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
32Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4379647033 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4379647033 |
| fwci | 3.71543549 |
| type | article |
| title | Examining sports coaches’ mental health literacy: evidence from UK athletics |
| biblio.issue | 7 |
| biblio.volume | 29 |
| biblio.last_page | 922 |
| biblio.first_page | 908 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10813 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Psychology |
| topics[0].score | 0.9987999796867371 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3204 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Developmental and Educational Psychology |
| topics[0].display_name | Sport Psychology and Performance |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10416 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9904000163078308 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2713 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Epidemiology |
| topics[1].display_name | Traumatic Brain Injury Research |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11246 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[2].score | 0.9872000217437744 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2732 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Orthopedics and Sports Medicine |
| topics[2].display_name | Sports injuries and prevention |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C134362201 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7426246404647827 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Mental health |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6792598962783813 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C2776087414 |
| concepts[2].level | 4 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6596912741661072 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6817469 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Mental health literacy |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2776674806 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5787622928619385 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12135 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Mental illness |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C2781054738 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5177416205406189 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4813730 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Athletes |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C75630572 |
| concepts[5].level | 1 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4541581869125366 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Applied psychology |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C118552586 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.22255900502204895 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Psychiatry |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.14943933486938477 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C1862650 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Physical therapy |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7426246404647827 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Mental health |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6792598962783813 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Psychology |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health-literacy |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6596912741661072 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Mental health literacy |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-illness |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5787622928619385 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Mental illness |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/athletes |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5177416205406189 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Athletes |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4541581869125366 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Applied psychology |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry |
| keywords[6].score | 0.22255900502204895 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Psychiatry |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[7].score | 0.14943933486938477 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Medicine |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S58769659 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1357-3322, 1470-1243 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1357-3322 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Sport Education and Society |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320547 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Taylor & Francis |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320547 |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160?needAccess=true&role=button |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Sport, Education and Society |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/bf7e16a9-c241-4075-a763-22541df7ecc6 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400216 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | Research Portal (King's College London) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I183935753 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | King's College London |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I183935753 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | WARDEN, SOPHIE, DONCASTER, GREG, GREENOUGH, KENNY & SMITH, ANDY 2023, 'Examining sports coaches’ mental health literacy: evidence from UK athletics', Sport, Education and Society, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160 |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/en/publications/bf7e16a9-c241-4075-a763-22541df7ecc6 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5092106423 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Sophie Warden |
| authorships[0].countries | GB |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I165525304, https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Sport and Physical Activity and Centre for Mental Health, Sport and Physical Activity Research, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04yy7zb66 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Centre for Mental Health |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I165525304 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/028ndzd53 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I165525304 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name | Edge Hill University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Sophie Warden |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Sport and Physical Activity and Centre for Mental Health, Sport and Physical Activity Research, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5020721481 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-4619 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Greg Doncaster |
| authorships[1].countries | GB |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I165525304, https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Sport and Physical Activity and Centre for Mental Health, Sport and Physical Activity Research, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04yy7zb66 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Centre for Mental Health |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I165525304 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/028ndzd53 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I165525304 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name | Edge Hill University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Greg Doncaster |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Sport and Physical Activity and Centre for Mental Health, Sport and Physical Activity Research, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5012737035 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-5933 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Kenny Greenough |
| authorships[2].countries | GB |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I165525304, https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Sport and Physical Activity and Centre for Mental Health, Sport and Physical Activity Research, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04yy7zb66 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Centre for Mental Health |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I165525304 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/028ndzd53 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I165525304 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].display_name | Edge Hill University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Kenny Greenough |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Sport and Physical Activity and Centre for Mental Health, Sport and Physical Activity Research, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5016162005 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9801-3982 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Andy Smith |
| authorships[3].countries | GB |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I165525304, https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Sport and Physical Activity and Centre for Mental Health, Sport and Physical Activity Research, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04yy7zb66 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Centre for Mental Health |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I165525304 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/028ndzd53 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I165525304 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name | Edge Hill University |
| authorships[3].author_position | last |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Andy Smith |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Sport and Physical Activity and Centre for Mental Health, Sport and Physical Activity Research, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160?needAccess=true&role=button |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Examining sports coaches’ mental health literacy: evidence from UK athletics |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10813 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Psychology |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9987999796867371 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3204 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Developmental and Educational Psychology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Sport Psychology and Performance |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2762161214, https://openalex.org/W4200165275, https://openalex.org/W4225537123, https://openalex.org/W4285588946, https://openalex.org/W2045180117, https://openalex.org/W4220929824, https://openalex.org/W1605238351, https://openalex.org/W2101394137, https://openalex.org/W1987881146, https://openalex.org/W3168474441 |
| cited_by_count | 6 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S58769659 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1357-3322, 1470-1243 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1357-3322 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Sport Education and Society |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320547 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Taylor & Francis |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320547 |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160?needAccess=true&role=button |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Sport, Education and Society |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S58769659 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1357-3322, 1470-1243 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1357-3322 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Sport Education and Society |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320547 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Taylor & Francis |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320547 |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160?needAccess=true&role=button |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Sport, Education and Society |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2023.2214160 |
| publication_date | 2023-06-07 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2950504429, https://openalex.org/W4320081749, https://openalex.org/W2751258775, https://openalex.org/W2973657444, https://openalex.org/W4280648571, https://openalex.org/W7047105908, https://openalex.org/W2968333804, https://openalex.org/W2800167220, https://openalex.org/W2999192845, https://openalex.org/W2159808148, https://openalex.org/W2067652354, https://openalex.org/W2069497946, https://openalex.org/W2057639701, https://openalex.org/W1969993715, https://openalex.org/W1588235701, https://openalex.org/W2771649108, https://openalex.org/W2995161249, https://openalex.org/W3129797683, https://openalex.org/W1850933954, https://openalex.org/W4213127562, https://openalex.org/W6757138324, https://openalex.org/W3110725368, https://openalex.org/W2894094358, https://openalex.org/W2767404711, https://openalex.org/W4308125654, https://openalex.org/W3111864552, https://openalex.org/W3155631701, https://openalex.org/W3036055938, https://openalex.org/W2117617786, https://openalex.org/W2912958898, https://openalex.org/W4308050269, https://openalex.org/W2097956398 |
| referenced_works_count | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 121, 128, 187, 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.25 | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.An | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.No | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.UK | 32, 44, 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 39, 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 46, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.do | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 4, 13, 114, 286 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 1, 269, 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 18, 31, 52, 61, 67, 82, 123, 130, 146, 169, 177, 200, 203, 262, 297 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 112, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.so | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 11, 73, 192, 213, 240, 248, 291 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.184 | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MHL | 89, 107, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 20, 64, 71, 96, 109, 138, 141, 166, 172, 180, 211, 246, 250, 259, 275, 288 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.did | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 230, 282 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is, | 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 149, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.own | 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 5, 15, 26, 48, 55, 175, 208, 294 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 90, 186, 220, 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.call | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.duty | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.held | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lack | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.less | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.need | 281 |
| abstract_inverted_index.play | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.role | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seek | 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 88, 142, 267, 276 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 268 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 104, 159, 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.what | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 76, 98, 120, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.There | 0, 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.about | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 92, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.care, | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clear | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.elite | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.first | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lived | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.often | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.other | 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.paper | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.score | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sport | 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 201, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.there | 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.views | 145, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wider | 289 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(MHL). | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.always | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aspect | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.better | 241, 292 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extend | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.formal | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.health | 17, 36, 63, 69, 137, 171, 196, 234, 253, 296 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lacked | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.likely | 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mental | 16, 35, 62, 68, 77, 136, 139, 170, 195, 233, 252, 295 |
| abstract_inverted_index.online | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.region | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.social | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sports | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.survey | 81, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.though | 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.within | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women, | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.athlete | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.because | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coaches | 8, 53, 86, 97, 116, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhance | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explore | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.general | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highest | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.instead | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provide | 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.skills, | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.society | 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sources | 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.support | 74, 193, 263, 293 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thought | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.worked. | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.younger | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.athletes | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coaches, | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conclude | 266 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dominant | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.everyday | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expected | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.illness, | 65, 140, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.illness. | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interest | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.literacy | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parallel | 280 |
| abstract_inverted_index.presents | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previous | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relevant | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.revealed | 87, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strategy | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.support. | 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.training | 210, 219, 235, 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Important | 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis. | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.athletes. | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.athletics | 33, 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consensus | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.everyone. | 298 |
| abstract_inverted_index.knowledge | 60, 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mandatory | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.practice. | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relations | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sexuality | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sub-elite | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.training, | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.typically | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Coaches’ | 157, 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Interviews | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approaches | 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coaches’ | 34, 59, 143, 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.correspond | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experience | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increasing | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intentions | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sub-sample | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.supporting | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.constitutes | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.definitions | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differences | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disability, | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effectively | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experience. | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experiences | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implemented | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overlooked. | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.psychiatric | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.qualitative | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respondents | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.statistical | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.willingness | 72, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inequalities | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.insufficient | 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multi-level, | 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quantitative | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significance | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.survey-based | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characterised | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.incorporating | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.psychological | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.single-sport, | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems-wide, | 284 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mixed-methods, | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.organisational | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systematically | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understandings | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.athletics-specific | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conceptualisations. | 156 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5016162005 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 4 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I165525304, https://openalex.org/I33618826 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8999999761581421 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Quality Education |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.90147672 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |