Experimental and Numerical Study of Coupled Metronomes on a Floating Platform Article Swipe
YOU?
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· 2025
· Open Access
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· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/e27090908
We investigated synchronization behavior using an experimental setup consisting of two metronomes placed on a platform floating over water. By setting the metronomes to oscillate perpendicular to the line between them, we observed three distinct modes of movement: in-phase synchronization, anti-phase synchronization, and synchronization with a fixed phase difference. While this last mode resembles phase-locking, it is important to distinguish that phase-locking typically refers to an oscillator’s response to external pacing, whereas the fixed phase difference observed in our study emerges from the mutual interaction between two metronomes. The frequencies of oscillations, and the placement of the metronomes are also changed to check the reliability of the new phenomenon. Even if we changed the material of the platform to a heavier one or turned around one of the metronomes, synchronization with a fixed time delay still was still observed. Drawing on previous research, we developed mathematical equations to model the coupled metronomes and performed numerical simulations that successfully reproduced all three observed phenomena. The simulation results showed excellent agreement with our experimental observations. These findings contribute to our understanding of coupled oscillators and may have potential applications in various fields.
Related Topics
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/e27090908
- https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/9/908/pdf?version=1756363415
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 25
- Related Works
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- OpenAlex ID
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Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W4413773537Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/e27090908Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Experimental and Numerical Study of Coupled Metronomes on a Floating PlatformWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-08-27Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Xiaolongzi Wu, C. Zheng, Zhao Lei, Qian Yu, Zengru Di, Xiaohua CuiList of authors in order
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-
https://doi.org/10.3390/e27090908Publisher landing page
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https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/9/908/pdf?version=1756363415Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/27/9/908/pdf?version=1756363415Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Computer science, PhysicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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25Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.the | 21, 27, 72, 82, 93, 96, 103, 106, 113, 116, 127, 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two | 10, 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Even | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.last | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.line | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mode | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.over | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 60, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 44, 130, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.These | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.While | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.check | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delay | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fixed | 46, 73, 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modes | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phase | 47, 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.setup | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.still | 135, 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.them, | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.three | 33, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.around | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mutual | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.placed | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.refers | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.turned | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.water. | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Drawing | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 29, 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.changed | 100, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coupled | 150, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emerges | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fields. | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.heavier | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pacing, | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.setting | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.various | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whereas | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.behavior | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distinct | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.external | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.floating | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in-phase | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.material | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observed | 32, 76, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.platform | 15, 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previous | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.response | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agreement | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developed | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.equations | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.excellent | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.important | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.movement: | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.numerical | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observed. | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.oscillate | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performed | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.placement | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research, | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resembles | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.typically | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anti-phase | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consisting | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contribute | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.difference | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metronomes | 11, 22, 97, 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenomena. | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reproduced | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulation | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.difference. | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distinguish | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequencies | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interaction | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metronomes, | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metronomes. | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.oscillators | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenomenon. | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reliability | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulations | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applications | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experimental | 6, 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigated | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mathematical | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.successfully | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observations. | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.oscillations, | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perpendicular | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phase-locking | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.oscillator’s | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phase-locking, | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synchronization | 2, 43, 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synchronization, | 39, 41 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5006591431 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 6 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I25254941 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.44409244 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |