Exploring the determinants of health service utilization among people living with HIV: a qualitative study in Iran Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0
Background Health service utilization among people living with HIV is vital for their survival and quality of life. This study aims to exploring the determinants influencing health service utilization among people living with HIV. Methods We conducted a qualitative study involving 16 men and women aged 18–64 living with HIV in Tehran. Data were collected between September and December 2021 through semi-structured interviews conducted via telephone and online platforms, utilizing the purposeful sampling method. Data were analyzed by MAXQDA-2018 software using conventional content analysis approaches and the Granheim and Landman method. Results Two main themes, seven categories, and 21 subcategories were obtained from the interviews. The main themes included facilitators of health service utilization (positive personality traits, social factors, and structural-behavioral determinants) and inhibitors of health service utilization (personal conditions, insufficient knowledge and understanding of the disease, negative consequences of disease disclosure, and difficult access to services). Conclusion This study underscores the need to invest and expand specialized services for people living with HIV by policy makers, while simultaneously increasing public awareness to reduce the social stigma.
Related Topics
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0
- https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 2
- References
- 48
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4389307239
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4389307239Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Exploring the determinants of health service utilization among people living with HIV: a qualitative study in IranWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-12-04Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Neda SoleimanvandiAzar, Salah Eddin Karimi, Sina Ahmadi, Seyed Fahim Irandoost, Ali Amirkafi, Amir AzimiList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Nursing research, Health administration, Medicine, Health informatics, Public health, Qualitative research, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Health services research, Environmental health, Nursing, Family medicine, Gerontology, Sociology, Social scienceTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
2Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
48Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4389307239 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38049768 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4389307239 |
| fwci | 0.56334932 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | Q000628 |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D015658 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | therapy |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | HIV Infections |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D007492 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Iran |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D011788 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Quality of Life |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D036301 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Qualitative Research |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D006296 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Health Services |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | Q000628 |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D015658 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | therapy |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | HIV Infections |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D007492 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Iran |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D011788 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Quality of Life |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D036301 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Qualitative Research |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D006296 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Health Services |
| type | article |
| title | Exploring the determinants of health service utilization among people living with HIV: a qualitative study in Iran |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | 23 |
| biblio.last_page | 1351 |
| biblio.first_page | 1351 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10082 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9997000098228455 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| topics[0].display_name | HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11531 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/20 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Economics, Econometrics and Finance |
| topics[1].score | 0.9959999918937683 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2003 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Finance |
| topics[1].display_name | Healthcare Systems and Reforms |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10209 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[2].score | 0.9937999844551086 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2735 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health |
| topics[2].display_name | Global Maternal and Child Health |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 1790 |
| apc_list.currency | GBP |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2195 |
| apc_paid.value | 1790 |
| apc_paid.currency | GBP |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2195 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C518773536 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8635858297348022 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918533 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Nursing research |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C137992405 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7859396934509277 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137608 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Health administration |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[2].level | 0 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.7792444229125977 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C145642194 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.7385607957839966 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Health informatics |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C138816342 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.7088347673416138 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Public health |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C190248442 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.6213271021842957 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Qualitative research |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C3013748606 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5547234416007996 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C2780877353 |
| concepts[7].level | 3 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4999125003814697 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518253 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Health services research |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C99454951 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.44976574182510376 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Environmental health |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C159110408 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.4274149239063263 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Nursing |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C512399662 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.3899577856063843 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Family medicine |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C74909509 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.372941792011261 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Gerontology |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C144024400 |
| concepts[12].level | 0 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.0847172737121582 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Sociology |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C36289849 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Social science |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing-research |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8635858297348022 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Nursing research |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/health-administration |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7859396934509277 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Health administration |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[2].score | 0.7792444229125977 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics |
| keywords[3].score | 0.7385607957839966 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Health informatics |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health |
| keywords[4].score | 0.7088347673416138 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Public health |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research |
| keywords[5].score | 0.6213271021842957 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Qualitative research |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/human-immunodeficiency-virus |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5547234416007996 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/health-services-research |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4999125003814697 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Health services research |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health |
| keywords[8].score | 0.44976574182510376 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Environmental health |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing |
| keywords[9].score | 0.4274149239063263 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Nursing |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/family-medicine |
| keywords[10].score | 0.3899577856063843 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Family medicine |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/gerontology |
| keywords[11].score | 0.372941792011261 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Gerontology |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology |
| keywords[12].score | 0.0847172737121582 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Sociology |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S12898181 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1472-6963 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1472-6963 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | BMC Health Services Research |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320256 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | BioMed Central |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320256, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | BioMed Central, Springer Nature |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | BMC Health Services Research |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:38049768 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | BMC health services research |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38049768 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10694986 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10694986/pdf/12913_2023_Article_10321.pdf |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | BMC Health Serv Res |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10694986 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b7cfe96a42994cb3b0b2ef6ba73581d8 |
| locations[3].is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[3].license | |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | article |
| locations[3].license_id | |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | BMC Health Services Research, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2023) |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/b7cfe96a42994cb3b0b2ef6ba73581d8 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5056061695 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9840-5588 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Neda SoleimanvandiAzar |
| authorships[0].countries | IR |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I161106909 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I161106909 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03w04rv71 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I161106909 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Iran University of Medical Sciences |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Neda SoleimanvandiAzar |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5033677793 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1542-0214 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Salah Eddin Karimi |
| authorships[1].countries | IR |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I163205636 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I163205636 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04krpx645 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I163205636 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Tabriz University of Medical Sciences |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Salah Eddin Karimi |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5021697197 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7553-8206 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Sina Ahmadi |
| authorships[2].countries | IR |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I39642139 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I39642139 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05vspf741 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I39642139 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Sina Ahmadi |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5078974936 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-477X |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Seyed Fahim Irandoost |
| authorships[3].countries | IR |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I38476204, https://openalex.org/I4391767979 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4391767979 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jbsdf87 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4391767979 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Urmia University of Medical Sciences |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I38476204 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/032fk0x53 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I38476204 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code | IR |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name | Urmia University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Seyed Fahim Irandoost |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5059511688 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-1113 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Ali Amirkafi |
| authorships[4].countries | IR |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I161106909 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I161106909 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03w04rv71 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I161106909 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Iran University of Medical Sciences |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Ali Amirkafi |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5032664760 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-7009 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Amir Azimi |
| authorships[5].countries | IR |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I161106909 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I161106909 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03w04rv71 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I161106909 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Iran University of Medical Sciences |
| authorships[5].author_position | last |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Amir Azimi |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Exploring the determinants of health service utilization among people living with HIV: a qualitative study in Iran |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10082 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9997000098228455 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| primary_topic.display_name | HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W3091547009, https://openalex.org/W2808460530, https://openalex.org/W3195469203, https://openalex.org/W4245559171, https://openalex.org/W4280505519, https://openalex.org/W2082666752, https://openalex.org/W1995748757, https://openalex.org/W2160287001, https://openalex.org/W2055874553, https://openalex.org/W2079457903 |
| cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S12898181 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1472-6963 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1472-6963 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | BMC Health Services Research |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320256 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | BioMed Central |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320256, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | BioMed Central, Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | BMC Health Services Research |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S12898181 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1472-6963 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1472-6963 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | BMC Health Services Research |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320256 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | BioMed Central |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320256, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | BioMed Central, Springer Nature |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | BMC Health Services Research |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10321-0 |
| publication_date | 2023-12-04 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W3156070726, https://openalex.org/W2073050163, https://openalex.org/W2792201533, https://openalex.org/W3198001443, https://openalex.org/W4205464133, https://openalex.org/W2317993468, https://openalex.org/W2796648648, https://openalex.org/W3110425510, https://openalex.org/W4293679153, https://openalex.org/W2914055280, https://openalex.org/W2162497908, https://openalex.org/W2291788062, https://openalex.org/W2553015228, https://openalex.org/W1987955685, https://openalex.org/W4252882227, https://openalex.org/W2933102414, https://openalex.org/W1966530964, https://openalex.org/W2120217079, https://openalex.org/W2067026118, https://openalex.org/W2170138433, https://openalex.org/W7033741340, https://openalex.org/W2122328334, https://openalex.org/W2989877416, https://openalex.org/W1987756307, https://openalex.org/W2073039037, https://openalex.org/W2990060960, https://openalex.org/W2044961440, https://openalex.org/W3083551502, https://openalex.org/W3006916128, https://openalex.org/W2935844425, https://openalex.org/W3039265259, https://openalex.org/W2975839298, https://openalex.org/W2806055241, https://openalex.org/W2531302146, https://openalex.org/W2923727884, https://openalex.org/W2037504878, https://openalex.org/W2022852661, https://openalex.org/W2985166665, https://openalex.org/W2463820852, https://openalex.org/W1978259354, https://openalex.org/W3196838648, https://openalex.org/W2739398404, https://openalex.org/W2894918652, https://openalex.org/W2974963951, https://openalex.org/W2991250469, https://openalex.org/W2886468460, https://openalex.org/W4286270426, https://openalex.org/W4207014450 |
| referenced_works_count | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.16 | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.21 | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 78, 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 17, 111, 125, 135, 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 22, 146, 154, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HIV | 9, 50, 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Two | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 15, 44, 58, 67, 86, 89, 98, 120, 123, 133, 143, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 12, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.men | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 24, 71, 87, 104, 136, 152, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.via | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2021 | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Data | 53, 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HIV. | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 19, 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aged | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aims | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.main | 94, 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.need | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 54, 76, 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 8, 33, 49, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 5, 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.life. | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seven | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 20, 40, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vital | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Health | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.access | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expand | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.health | 27, 112, 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.invest | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.living | 7, 32, 48, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.online | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.people | 6, 31, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.policy | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.public | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduce | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.social | 118, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.themes | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18–64 | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Landman | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Tehran. | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.content | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.makers, | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method. | 74, 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quality | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.service | 3, 28, 113, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stigma. | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.themes, | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.traits, | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.December | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Granheim | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analyzed | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease, | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors, | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.negative | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.obtained | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sampling | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.services | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.software | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.survival | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(personal | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(positive | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.September | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.awareness | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collected | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 37, 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.difficult | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploring | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.involving | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.knowledge | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.telephone | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.utilizing | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusion | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approaches | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increasing | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibitors | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interviews | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.platforms, | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.purposeful | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.services). | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MAXQDA-2018 | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.categories, | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions, | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disclosure, | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.influencing | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interviews. | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.personality | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.qualitative | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.specialized | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.underscores | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.utilization | 4, 29, 114, 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consequences | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conventional | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determinants | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facilitators | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.insufficient | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determinants) | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subcategories | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simultaneously | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.semi-structured | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structural-behavioral | 121 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 95 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5021697197 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 6 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I39642139 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.64728816 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |