First direct detection of an exoplanet by optical interferometry; Astrometry and K-band spectroscopy of HR8799 e Article Swipe

S. Lacour , M. Nowak , J. Wang , O. Pfuhl , F. Eisenhauer , R. Abuter , A. Amorim , Narsireddy Anugu , M. Benisty , Jean-Philippe Berger , H. Beust , Nicolas Blind , M. Bonnefoy , H. Bonnet , P. Bourget , W. Brandner , A. Buron , C. Collin , Benjamin Charnay , F. Chapron , Y. Clénet , V. Coudé du Foresto , P. T. de Zeeuw , C. Deen , R. Dembet , Jason Dexter , G. Duvert , A. Eckart , N. M. Förster Schreiber , P. Fédou , P. García , R. García López , F. Gao , É. Gendron , R. Genzel , S. Gillessen , Paulo Gordo , Alexandra Z. Greenbaum , M. Habibi , X. Haubois , F. Haußmann , Th. Henning , S. Hippler , M. Horrobin , Z. Hubert , Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales , L. Jocou , Sarah Kendrew , P. Kervella , J. Kolb , A.‐M. Lagrange , V. Lapeyrère , J.-B. Le Bouquin , Pierre Léna , M. Lippa , R. Lenzen , A.-L. Maire , P. Mollière , Thomas Ott , T. Paumard , K. Perraut , G. Perrin , Laurent Pueyo , S. Rabien , Andrés Ramírez , Christian Rau , G. Rodríguez-Coira , G. Rousset , J. Sánchez-Bermúdez , Silvia Scheithauer , Nicolas Schuhler , O. Straub , C. Straubmeier , E. Sturm , L. J. Tacconi , F. Vincent , E. F. van Dishoeck , S. von Fellenberg , I. Wank , Idel Waisberg , F. Widmann , E. Wieprecht , Michael Wiest , E. Wiezorrek , J. Woillez , Ş. Yazıcı , D. Ziegler , G. Zins ·

YOU? · · 2019 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1903.11903

To date, infrared interferometry at best achieved contrast ratios of a few times $10^{-4}$ on bright targets. GRAVITY, with its dual-field mode, is now capable of high contrast observations, enabling the direct observation of exoplanets. We demonstrate the technique on HR8799, a young planetary system composed of four known giant exoplanets. We used the GRAVITY fringe tracker to lock the fringes on the central star, and integrated off-axis on the HR8799e planet situated at 390 mas from the star. Data reduction included post-processing to remove the flux leaking from the central star and to extract the coherent flux of the planet. The inferred K band spectrum of the planet has a spectral resolution of 500. We also derive the astrometric position of the planet relative to the star with a precision on the order of 100$\,μ$as. The GRAVITY astrometric measurement disfavors perfectly coplanar stable orbital solutions. A small adjustment of a few degrees to the orbital inclination of HR 8799 e can resolve the tension, implying that the orbits are close to, but not strictly coplanar. The spectrum, with a signal-to-noise ratio of $\approx 5$ per spectral channel, is compatible with a late-type L brown dwarf. Using Exo-REM synthetic spectra, we derive a temperature of $1150\pm50$\,K and a surface gravity of $10^{4.3\pm0.3}\,$cm/s$^{2}$. This corresponds to a radius of $1.17^{+0.13}_{-0.11}\,R_{\rm Jup}$ and a mass of $10^{+7}_{-4}\,M_{\rm Jup}$, which is an independent confirmation of mass estimates from evolutionary models. Our results demonstrate the power of interferometry for the direct detection and spectroscopic study of exoplanets at close angular separations from their stars.

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Exoplanet Physics Planet Orbital inclination Surface gravity Astrophysics Brown dwarf Astrometry Effective temperature RADIUS Astronomy Planetary system Planetary mass Stars Binary number Computer science Mathematics Arithmetic Computer security

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Type: preprint
Language: en
OA Status: green
Cited By: 44
References: 4
Related Works: 18
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W3100022931

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1903.11903

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Title: First direct detection of an exoplanet by optical interferometry; Astrometry and K-band spectroscopy of HR8799 e

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Language: en

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Publication year: 2019

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Publication date: 2019-03-28

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Authors: S. Lacour, M. Nowak, J. Wang, O. Pfuhl, F. Eisenhauer, R. Abuter, A. Amorim, Narsireddy Anugu, M. Benisty, Jean-Philippe Berger, H. Beust, Nicolas Blind, M. Bonnefoy, H. Bonnet, P. Bourget, W. Brandner, A. Buron, C. Collin, Benjamin Charnay, F. Chapron, Y. Clénet, V. Coudé du Foresto, P. T. de Zeeuw, C. Deen, R. Dembet, Jason Dexter, G. Duvert, A. Eckart, N. M. Förster Schreiber, P. Fédou, P. García, R. García López, F. Gao, É. Gendron, R. Genzel, S. Gillessen, Paulo Gordo, Alexandra Z. Greenbaum, M. Habibi, X. Haubois, F. Haußmann, Th. Henning, S. Hippler, M. Horrobin, Z. Hubert, Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales, L. Jocou, Sarah Kendrew, P. Kervella, J. Kolb, A.‐M. Lagrange, V. Lapeyrère, J.-B. Le Bouquin, Pierre Léna, M. Lippa, R. Lenzen, A.-L. Maire, P. Mollière, Thomas Ott, T. Paumard, K. Perraut, G. Perrin, Laurent Pueyo, S. Rabien, Andrés Ramírez, Christian Rau, G. Rodríguez-Coira, G. Rousset, J. Sánchez-Bermúdez, Silvia Scheithauer, Nicolas Schuhler, O. Straub, C. Straubmeier, E. Sturm, L. J. Tacconi, F. Vincent, E. F. van Dishoeck, S. von Fellenberg, I. Wank, Idel Waisberg, F. Widmann, E. Wieprecht, Michael Wiest, E. Wiezorrek, J. Woillez, Ş. Yazıcı, D. Ziegler, G. Zins

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Concepts: Exoplanet, Physics, Planet, Orbital inclination, Surface gravity, Astrophysics, Brown dwarf, Astrometry, Effective temperature, RADIUS, Astronomy, Planetary system, Planetary mass, Stars, Binary number, Computer science, Mathematics, Arithmetic, Computer security

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