Functionalization of Synthetic Bone Substitutes Article Swipe

PDF

André Busch , Markus Jäger , Constantin Mayer , Andrea Sowislok ·

YOU? · · 2021 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412

Bone substitutes have been applied to treat osseous defects for a long time. To prevent implant related infection (IRI) and enhance bone healing functionalized biomaterials, antibiotics and osteoinductive substances have been introduced. This study gives an overview of the current available surface-coated bone substitutes and provides an outlook for future perspectives.

Related Topics

Bone Healing

Biomedical Engineering

Concepts

Surface modification Bone healing Biomedical engineering Implant Dentistry Materials science Nanotechnology Medicine Chemistry Surgery Physical chemistry

Metadata

Type: review
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412
PDF: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4412/pdf?version=1619167079
OA Status: gold
Cited By: 36
References: 104
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W3159354433

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W3159354433

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Functionalization of Synthetic Bone Substitutes

Work title
Type: review

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2021

Year of publication
Publication date: 2021-04-23

Full publication date if available
Authors: André Busch, Markus Jäger, Constantin Mayer, Andrea Sowislok

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4412/pdf?version=1619167079

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: gold

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4412/pdf?version=1619167079

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Surface modification, Bone healing, Biomedical engineering, Implant, Dentistry, Materials science, Nanotechnology, Medicine, Chemistry, Surgery, Physical chemistry

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 36

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Citations by year (recent): 2025: 12, 2024: 6, 2023: 7, 2022: 8, 2021: 3

Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
References (count): 104

Number of works referenced by this work
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W3159354433
doi	https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412
ids.mag	3159354433
ids.pmid	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33922517
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W3159354433
fwci	2.21765513
mesh[0].qualifier_ui
mesh[0].descriptor_ui	D000818
mesh[0].is_major_topic	False
mesh[0].qualifier_name
mesh[0].descriptor_name	Animals
mesh[1].qualifier_ui	Q000188
mesh[1].descriptor_ui	D001424
mesh[1].is_major_topic	False
mesh[1].qualifier_name	drug therapy
mesh[1].descriptor_name	Bacterial Infections
mesh[2].qualifier_ui	Q000382
mesh[2].descriptor_ui	D001424
mesh[2].is_major_topic	False
mesh[2].qualifier_name	microbiology
mesh[2].descriptor_name	Bacterial Infections
mesh[3].qualifier_ui	Q000737
mesh[3].descriptor_ui	D001672
mesh[3].is_major_topic	False
mesh[3].qualifier_name	chemistry
mesh[3].descriptor_name	Biocompatible Materials
mesh[4].qualifier_ui	Q000627
mesh[4].descriptor_ui	D001672
mesh[4].is_major_topic	False
mesh[4].qualifier_name	therapeutic use
mesh[4].descriptor_name	Biocompatible Materials
mesh[5].qualifier_ui	Q000737
mesh[5].descriptor_ui	D018786
mesh[5].is_major_topic	False
mesh[5].qualifier_name	chemistry
mesh[5].descriptor_name	Bone Substitutes
mesh[6].qualifier_ui	Q000627
mesh[6].descriptor_ui	D018786
mesh[6].is_major_topic	False
mesh[6].qualifier_name	therapeutic use
mesh[6].descriptor_name	Bone Substitutes
mesh[7].qualifier_ui	Q000187
mesh[7].descriptor_ui	D001842
mesh[7].is_major_topic	False
mesh[7].qualifier_name	drug effects
mesh[7].descriptor_name	Bone and Bones
mesh[8].qualifier_ui
mesh[8].descriptor_ui	D006801
mesh[8].is_major_topic	False
mesh[8].qualifier_name
mesh[8].descriptor_name	Humans
mesh[9].qualifier_ui
mesh[9].descriptor_ui	D000818
mesh[9].is_major_topic	False
mesh[9].qualifier_name
mesh[9].descriptor_name	Animals
mesh[10].qualifier_ui	Q000188
mesh[10].descriptor_ui	D001424
mesh[10].is_major_topic	False
mesh[10].qualifier_name	drug therapy
mesh[10].descriptor_name	Bacterial Infections
mesh[11].qualifier_ui	Q000382
mesh[11].descriptor_ui	D001424
mesh[11].is_major_topic	False
mesh[11].qualifier_name	microbiology
mesh[11].descriptor_name	Bacterial Infections
mesh[12].qualifier_ui	Q000737
mesh[12].descriptor_ui	D001672
mesh[12].is_major_topic	False
mesh[12].qualifier_name	chemistry
mesh[12].descriptor_name	Biocompatible Materials
mesh[13].qualifier_ui	Q000627
mesh[13].descriptor_ui	D001672
mesh[13].is_major_topic	False
mesh[13].qualifier_name	therapeutic use
mesh[13].descriptor_name	Biocompatible Materials
mesh[14].qualifier_ui	Q000737
mesh[14].descriptor_ui	D018786
mesh[14].is_major_topic	False
mesh[14].qualifier_name	chemistry
mesh[14].descriptor_name	Bone Substitutes
mesh[15].qualifier_ui	Q000627
mesh[15].descriptor_ui	D018786
mesh[15].is_major_topic	False
mesh[15].qualifier_name	therapeutic use
mesh[15].descriptor_name	Bone Substitutes
mesh[16].qualifier_ui	Q000187
mesh[16].descriptor_ui	D001842
mesh[16].is_major_topic	False
mesh[16].qualifier_name	drug effects
mesh[16].descriptor_name	Bone and Bones
mesh[17].qualifier_ui
mesh[17].descriptor_ui	D006801
mesh[17].is_major_topic	False
mesh[17].qualifier_name
mesh[17].descriptor_name	Humans
type	review
title	Functionalization of Synthetic Bone Substitutes
biblio.issue	9
biblio.volume	22
biblio.last_page	4412
biblio.first_page	4412
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10059
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[0].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[0].score	1.0
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2204
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Biomedical Engineering
topics[0].display_name	Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T10512
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
topics[1].field.display_name	Medicine
topics[1].score	0.9994999766349792
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
topics[1].domain.display_name	Health Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2746
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Surgery
topics[1].display_name	Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T11293
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
topics[2].field.display_name	Medicine
topics[2].score	0.9983999729156494
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
topics[2].domain.display_name	Health Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2746
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Surgery
topics[2].display_name	Orthopedic Infections and Treatments
is_xpac	False
apc_list.value	2300
apc_list.currency	CHF
apc_list.value_usd	2490
apc_paid.value	2300
apc_paid.currency	CHF
apc_paid.value_usd	2490
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C115537861
concepts[0].level	2
concepts[0].score	0.7824753522872925
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7645993
concepts[0].display_name	Surface modification
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C8337478
concepts[1].level	2
concepts[1].score	0.5738323330879211
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1777289
concepts[1].display_name	Bone healing
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C136229726
concepts[2].level	1
concepts[2].score	0.4869895875453949
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092
concepts[2].display_name	Biomedical engineering
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C2781411149
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.48201099038124084
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486975
concepts[3].display_name	Implant
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C199343813
concepts[4].level	1
concepts[4].score	0.43393486738204956
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128
concepts[4].display_name	Dentistry
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C192562407
concepts[5].level	0
concepts[5].score	0.34032589197158813
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736
concepts[5].display_name	Materials science
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C171250308
concepts[6].level	1
concepts[6].score	0.3307223320007324
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468
concepts[6].display_name	Nanotechnology
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C71924100
concepts[7].level	0
concepts[7].score	0.28137630224227905
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190
concepts[7].display_name	Medicine
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C185592680
concepts[8].level	0
concepts[8].score	0.23608770966529846
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329
concepts[8].display_name	Chemistry
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C141071460
concepts[9].level	1
concepts[9].score	0.20715001225471497
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821
concepts[9].display_name	Surgery
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C147789679
concepts[10].level	1
concepts[10].score	0.0
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372
concepts[10].display_name	Physical chemistry
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-modification
keywords[0].score	0.7824753522872925
keywords[0].display_name	Surface modification
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-healing
keywords[1].score	0.5738323330879211
keywords[1].display_name	Bone healing
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering
keywords[2].score	0.4869895875453949
keywords[2].display_name	Biomedical engineering
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/implant
keywords[3].score	0.48201099038124084
keywords[3].display_name	Implant
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/dentistry
keywords[4].score	0.43393486738204956
keywords[4].display_name	Dentistry
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science
keywords[5].score	0.34032589197158813
keywords[5].display_name	Materials science
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology
keywords[6].score	0.3307223320007324
keywords[6].display_name	Nanotechnology
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine
keywords[7].score	0.28137630224227905
keywords[7].display_name	Medicine
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry
keywords[8].score	0.23608770966529846
keywords[8].display_name	Chemistry
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery
keywords[9].score	0.20715001225471497
keywords[9].display_name	Surgery
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.3390/ijms22094412
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S10623703
locations[0].source.issn	1422-0067, 1661-6596
locations[0].source.type	journal
locations[0].source.is_oa	True
locations[0].source.issn_l	1422-0067
locations[0].source.is_core	True
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
locations[0].license	cc-by
locations[0].pdf_url	https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4412/pdf?version=1619167079
locations[0].version	publishedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	journal-article
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	True
locations[0].raw_source_name	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412
locations[1].id	pmid:33922517
locations[1].is_oa	False
locations[1].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306525036
locations[1].source.issn
locations[1].source.type	repository
locations[1].source.is_oa	False
locations[1].source.issn_l
locations[1].source.is_core	False
locations[1].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[1].source.display_name	PubMed
locations[1].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[1].source.host_organization_name	National Institutes of Health
locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[1].license
locations[1].pdf_url
locations[1].version	publishedVersion
locations[1].raw_type
locations[1].license_id
locations[1].is_accepted	True
locations[1].is_published	True
locations[1].raw_source_name	International journal of molecular sciences
locations[1].landing_page_url	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33922517
locations[2].id	pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e729cbf7b68e4fc4be7de1ea837abb4f
locations[2].is_oa	True
locations[2].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306401280
locations[2].source.issn
locations[2].source.type	repository
locations[2].source.is_oa	False
locations[2].source.issn_l
locations[2].source.is_core	False
locations[2].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[2].source.display_name	DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
locations[2].source.host_organization
locations[2].source.host_organization_name
locations[2].license	cc-by-sa
locations[2].pdf_url
locations[2].version	submittedVersion
locations[2].raw_type	article
locations[2].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa
locations[2].is_accepted	False
locations[2].is_published	False
locations[2].raw_source_name	International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 4412, p 4412 (2021)
locations[2].landing_page_url	https://doaj.org/article/e729cbf7b68e4fc4be7de1ea837abb4f
locations[3].id	pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1422-0067/22/9/4412/
locations[3].is_oa	True
locations[3].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400947
locations[3].source.issn
locations[3].source.type	repository
locations[3].source.is_oa	True
locations[3].source.issn_l
locations[3].source.is_core	False
locations[3].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[3].source.display_name	MDPI (MDPI AG)
locations[3].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I4210097602
locations[3].source.host_organization_name	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)
locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210097602
locations[3].license	cc-by
locations[3].pdf_url
locations[3].version	submittedVersion
locations[3].raw_type	Text
locations[3].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[3].is_accepted	False
locations[3].is_published	False
locations[3].raw_source_name	International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 22; Issue 9; Pages: 4412
locations[3].landing_page_url	https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412
locations[4].id	pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8122961
locations[4].is_oa	True
locations[4].source.id	https://openalex.org/S2764455111
locations[4].source.issn
locations[4].source.type	repository
locations[4].source.is_oa	False
locations[4].source.issn_l
locations[4].source.is_core	False
locations[4].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[4].source.display_name	PubMed Central
locations[4].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[4].source.host_organization_name	National Institutes of Health
locations[4].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[4].license	other-oa
locations[4].pdf_url
locations[4].version	submittedVersion
locations[4].raw_type	Text
locations[4].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa
locations[4].is_accepted	False
locations[4].is_published	False
locations[4].raw_source_name	Int J Mol Sci
locations[4].landing_page_url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8122961
indexed_in	crossref, doaj, pubmed
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5017514329
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7440-9015
authorships[0].author.display_name	André Busch
authorships[0].countries	DE
authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210116581
authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Marien Hospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, D-45468 Mülheim, Germany
authorships[0].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I62318514
authorships[0].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
authorships[0].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210116581
authorships[0].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01p51xv55
authorships[0].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210116581
authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code	DE
authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name	St. Marien Hospital
authorships[0].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I62318514
authorships[0].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/04mz5ra38
authorships[0].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I62318514
authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code	DE
authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name	University of Duisburg-Essen
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	André Busch
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany, Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Marien Hospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, D-45468 Mülheim, Germany
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5020282077
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9516-1058
authorships[1].author.display_name	Markus Jäger
authorships[1].countries	DE
authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210116581
authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Marien Hospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, D-45468 Mülheim, Germany
authorships[1].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I62318514
authorships[1].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Chair of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
authorships[1].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210116581
authorships[1].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01p51xv55
authorships[1].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210116581
authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code	DE
authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name	St. Marien Hospital
authorships[1].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I62318514
authorships[1].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/04mz5ra38
authorships[1].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I62318514
authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code	DE
authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name	University of Duisburg-Essen
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Marcus Jäger
authorships[1].is_corresponding	True
authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings	Chair of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany, Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Marien Hospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, D-45468 Mülheim, Germany
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5047489959
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2525-6892
authorships[2].author.display_name	Constantin Mayer
authorships[2].countries	DE
authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210116581
authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Marien Hospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, D-45468 Mülheim, Germany
authorships[2].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210116581
authorships[2].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01p51xv55
authorships[2].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210116581
authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code	DE
authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name	St. Marien Hospital
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Constantin Mayer
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Marien Hospital Mülheim an der Ruhr, D-45468 Mülheim, Germany
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5055091756
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0652-0245
authorships[3].author.display_name	Andrea Sowislok
authorships[3].countries	DE
authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I62318514
authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
authorships[3].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I62318514
authorships[3].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/04mz5ra38
authorships[3].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I62318514
authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code	DE
authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name	University of Duisburg-Essen
authorships[3].author_position	last
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Andrea Sowislok
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	True
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4412/pdf?version=1619167079
open_access.oa_status	gold
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Functionalization of Synthetic Bone Substitutes
has_fulltext	True
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10059
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
primary_topic.field.display_name	Engineering
primary_topic.score	1.0
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2204
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Biomedical Engineering
primary_topic.display_name	Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
related_works	https://openalex.org/W2320083771, https://openalex.org/W2532540677, https://openalex.org/W4324359039, https://openalex.org/W2030012245, https://openalex.org/W3106937478, https://openalex.org/W2580284338, https://openalex.org/W3092733610, https://openalex.org/W1524095038, https://openalex.org/W1997033049, https://openalex.org/W2079288925
cited_by_count	36
counts_by_year[0].year	2025
counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count	12
counts_by_year[1].year	2024
counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count	6
counts_by_year[2].year	2023
counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count	7
counts_by_year[3].year	2022
counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count	8
counts_by_year[4].year	2021
counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count	3
locations_count	5
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.3390/ijms22094412
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S10623703
best_oa_location.source.issn	1422-0067, 1661-6596
best_oa_location.source.type	journal
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.issn_l	1422-0067
best_oa_location.source.is_core	True
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
best_oa_location.license	cc-by
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4412/pdf?version=1619167079
best_oa_location.version	publishedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	journal-article
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	True
best_oa_location.raw_source_name	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412
primary_location.id	doi:10.3390/ijms22094412
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S10623703
primary_location.source.issn	1422-0067, 1661-6596
primary_location.source.type	journal
primary_location.source.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.issn_l	1422-0067
primary_location.source.is_core	True
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
primary_location.license	cc-by
primary_location.pdf_url	https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4412/pdf?version=1619167079
primary_location.version	publishedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	journal-article
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	True
primary_location.raw_source_name	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094412
publication_date	2021-04-23
publication_year	2021
referenced_works	https://openalex.org/W3004483693, https://openalex.org/W1903367406, https://openalex.org/W2050020842, https://openalex.org/W2201194328, https://openalex.org/W2029492220, https://openalex.org/W2042474003, https://openalex.org/W2024522244, https://openalex.org/W2122771834, https://openalex.org/W2509593593, https://openalex.org/W2800017558, https://openalex.org/W1930116806, https://openalex.org/W2036557984, https://openalex.org/W2126754939, https://openalex.org/W2091446773, https://openalex.org/W2163768016, https://openalex.org/W2005119833, https://openalex.org/W2596835055, https://openalex.org/W4255492705, https://openalex.org/W2109293470, https://openalex.org/W2025740608, https://openalex.org/W1982859926, https://openalex.org/W1980051005, https://openalex.org/W2111469399, https://openalex.org/W2155104677, https://openalex.org/W2118089919, https://openalex.org/W1968822620, https://openalex.org/W2015652914, https://openalex.org/W1986469118, https://openalex.org/W6686137548, https://openalex.org/W1995379404, https://openalex.org/W3011095872, https://openalex.org/W2082003638, https://openalex.org/W2028305494, https://openalex.org/W1935346479, https://openalex.org/W2062907081, https://openalex.org/W1543527268, https://openalex.org/W2123715903, https://openalex.org/W2081965734, https://openalex.org/W2017338730, https://openalex.org/W2802128801, https://openalex.org/W2975883350, https://openalex.org/W3048772156, https://openalex.org/W1969038105, https://openalex.org/W2055901210, https://openalex.org/W1998121317, https://openalex.org/W2200303234, https://openalex.org/W2980602522, https://openalex.org/W2231489053, https://openalex.org/W2974698129, https://openalex.org/W1132096098, https://openalex.org/W2059669211, https://openalex.org/W2043055957, https://openalex.org/W2100371080, https://openalex.org/W1994749425, https://openalex.org/W2517590064, https://openalex.org/W3108071830, https://openalex.org/W2140915025, https://openalex.org/W2550935043, https://openalex.org/W2115938307, https://openalex.org/W1987599774, https://openalex.org/W2987065692, https://openalex.org/W2018838031, https://openalex.org/W2079494261, https://openalex.org/W2039322720, https://openalex.org/W2149092789, https://openalex.org/W2009094309, https://openalex.org/W2124042548, https://openalex.org/W150963875, https://openalex.org/W2009434440, https://openalex.org/W2089155873, https://openalex.org/W2133120422, https://openalex.org/W2162285164, https://openalex.org/W2136713909, https://openalex.org/W1819380413, https://openalex.org/W2002358445, https://openalex.org/W1973175988, https://openalex.org/W2898327102, https://openalex.org/W2947440692, https://openalex.org/W2555374507, https://openalex.org/W2914625246, https://openalex.org/W2135298643, https://openalex.org/W3030013242, https://openalex.org/W2152982816, https://openalex.org/W2090540974, https://openalex.org/W2079542855, https://openalex.org/W2346932889, https://openalex.org/W6775094738, https://openalex.org/W2890468953, https://openalex.org/W2552065580, https://openalex.org/W2903175462, https://openalex.org/W2946120442, https://openalex.org/W2969761909, https://openalex.org/W2912659287, https://openalex.org/W2095243702, https://openalex.org/W3045362637, https://openalex.org/W2471534583, https://openalex.org/W2334057596, https://openalex.org/W2989733582, https://openalex.org/W3081591710, https://openalex.org/W2043967124, https://openalex.org/W2183704751, https://openalex.org/W2396286064, https://openalex.org/W1583522533, https://openalex.org/W2991185749
referenced_works_count	104
abstract_inverted_index.a	10
abstract_inverted_index.To	13
abstract_inverted_index.an	35, 46
abstract_inverted_index.of	37
abstract_inverted_index.to	5
abstract_inverted_index.and	19, 26, 44
abstract_inverted_index.for	9, 48
abstract_inverted_index.the	38
abstract_inverted_index.Bone	0
abstract_inverted_index.This	32
abstract_inverted_index.been	3, 30
abstract_inverted_index.bone	21, 42
abstract_inverted_index.have	2, 29
abstract_inverted_index.long	11
abstract_inverted_index.(IRI)	18
abstract_inverted_index.gives	34
abstract_inverted_index.study	33
abstract_inverted_index.time.	12
abstract_inverted_index.treat	6
abstract_inverted_index.future	49
abstract_inverted_index.applied	4
abstract_inverted_index.current	39
abstract_inverted_index.defects	8
abstract_inverted_index.enhance	20
abstract_inverted_index.healing	22
abstract_inverted_index.implant	15
abstract_inverted_index.osseous	7
abstract_inverted_index.outlook	47
abstract_inverted_index.prevent	14
abstract_inverted_index.related	16
abstract_inverted_index.overview	36
abstract_inverted_index.provides	45
abstract_inverted_index.available	40
abstract_inverted_index.infection	17
abstract_inverted_index.substances	28
abstract_inverted_index.antibiotics	25
abstract_inverted_index.introduced.	31
abstract_inverted_index.substitutes	1, 43
abstract_inverted_index.biomaterials,	24
abstract_inverted_index.perspectives.	50
abstract_inverted_index.functionalized	23
abstract_inverted_index.osteoinductive	27
abstract_inverted_index.surface-coated	41
cited_by_percentile_year.max	99
cited_by_percentile_year.min	95
corresponding_author_ids	https://openalex.org/A5020282077
countries_distinct_count	1
institutions_distinct_count	4
corresponding_institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210116581, https://openalex.org/I62318514
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.86178196
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	False