Global, regional and national burden of asthma from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 Article Swipe
Liwen Zhang
,
Hejun Jiang
,
Guijun Yang
,
Jing Zhang
,
Shuhua Yuan
,
Jiande Chen
,
Mingyu Tang
,
Jilei Lin
,
Jiajun Yuan
,
Yong Yin
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003144
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003144
Background Asthma represents a significant global health challenge, exhibiting considerable variation in prevalence, incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across regions and countries. This study evaluates global, regional and national trends in asthma burden from 1990 to 2021, analysing associations with temporal, geographical and demographical factors. Methods Using open data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database (1990–2021), we analysed changes in asthma prevalence, incidence, mortality and DALYs by gender, age and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) groups. Joinpoint regression analysis calculated the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and annual percentage change (APC). Results From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardised prevalence and incidence rates of asthma declined by 40.01% and 29.89%, respectively. While asthma deaths increased slightly, the age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) declined by 46.01%. The highest prevalence was observed in South Asia, East Asia and high-income North America, while low-SDI regions exhibited elevated mortality and DALYs. The age and sex-specific patterns indicated a higher asthma burden among females. The results of the joinpoint analysis indicated a global age-standardised incidence rate increase between 2005 and 2010 for both males and females. The ASMR exhibited a statistically significant decline from 1990 to 2021. Conclusions The global age-standardised rate of asthma burden declined from 1990 to 2021. However, asthma remains a significant public health issue, particularly in regions with lower socioeconomic development. Understanding global and regional trends in asthma can inform future policies and interventions, aiming to promote more equitable prevention, diagnosis and treatment worldwide.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003144
- https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/12/1/e003144.full.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 2
- References
- 35
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4412644597
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4412644597Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003144Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Global, regional and national burden of asthma from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021Work title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-07-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Liwen Zhang, Hejun Jiang, Guijun Yang, Jing Zhang, Shuhua Yuan, Jiande Chen, Mingyu Tang, Jilei Lin, Jiajun Yuan, Yong YinList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2025-003144Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/12/1/e003144.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/12/1/e003144.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Asthma, Medicine, Disease burden, Incidence (geometry), Demography, Burden of disease, Public health, Global health, Psychological intervention, Environmental health, Mortality rate, Socioeconomic status, Population, Immunology, Pathology, Internal medicine, Optics, Psychiatry, Sociology, PhysicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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2Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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35Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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