Governance, Leadership, and Decision-Making Structures in Distributed Academic Health Systems: A Scoping Review Protocol v1 Article Swipe
Jukha Shater Al Marzooqi
,
Khadija Mohd AlSulaimi
,
Maja Kovačević
,
Raed Rafeh
,
Sara Kazim
,
Wail Bamadhaf
,
Zeyad Alrais
,
Aysha Alsharhan
,
Nabil Zary
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.n2bvjejbngk5/v1
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.n2bvjejbngk5/v1
Introduction: Academic health systems worldwide are adopting multi-campus and distributed models to boost educational capacity, address workforce shortages, and fulfill regional healthcare demands. Recent surveys show that over 30% of U.S. medical schools currently have regional campuses, with similar growth seen internationally. Despite this, governance structures overseeing these complex, geographically dispersed systems are not well understood. A 2023 review of organizational models in medical education revealed significant variation in governance approaches, but there is limited empirical evidence connecting these structures to educational quality, faculty satisfaction, or sustainability. Clarifying how multi-campus academic health systems coordinate decision-making, delegate authority, maintain quality, and allocate resources across sites is crucial for developing effective, evidence-based organizational designs. Purpose: This scoping review systematically examines and summarizes the existing literature on governance and leadership frameworks within multi-campus academic health systems, aiming to identify organizational models, strategies for implementation, reported outcomes, and areas lacking sufficient knowledge. Methods: Following the Arksey and O'Malley framework, enhanced by Levac et al., and in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we will perform a comprehensive search across eight electronic databases—PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, ERIC, ProQuest Dissertations, and Google Scholar—for English studies published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2025. The review will include empirical studies, case reports, program descriptions, and grey literature that detail governance structures, leadership models, or decision-making processes within academic health systems engaged in educational programs or clinical training. These must operate across two or more geographically separated sites (>50 km apart) or within coordinated networks with shared governance. Two reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts, and full texts using piloted inclusion criteria, facilitated by Covidence software. Data extraction will focus on organizational models, governance mechanisms, leadership structures, decision-making processes, stakeholder engagement, and outcomes reported. Quantitative data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data will undergo Braun & Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis. An advisory panel of academic health system leaders will review and validate findings, providing insights into practical applications. Based on preliminary searches, we estimate identifying 80-150 relevant studies.
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Metadata
- Type
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- en
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- https://www.protocols.io/view/governance-leadership-and-decision-making-structur-hcgpb2tvp.pdf
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https://doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.n2bvjejbngk5/v1Digital Object Identifier
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Governance, Leadership, and Decision-Making Structures in Distributed Academic Health Systems: A Scoping Review Protocol v1Work title
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2025-10-12Full publication date if available
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Jukha Shater Al Marzooqi, Khadija Mohd AlSulaimi, Maja Kovačević, Raed Rafeh, Sara Kazim, Wail Bamadhaf, Zeyad Alrais, Aysha Alsharhan, Nabil ZaryList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.n2bvjejbngk5/v1Publisher landing page
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https://www.protocols.io/view/governance-leadership-and-decision-making-structur-hcgpb2tvp.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.protocols.io/view/governance-leadership-and-decision-making-structur-hcgpb2tvp.pdfDirect OA link when available
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