GPC2 Is a Potential Diagnostic, Immunological, and Prognostic Biomarker in Pan-Cancer Article Swipe
Guo-Ming Chen
,
Dongqiang Luo
,
Nan Zhong
,
Danyun Li
,
Jiyuan Zheng
,
Hui Liao
,
Zhuoyao Li
,
Xiaoxiao Lin
,
Qiqi Chen
,
Cheng Zhang
,
Yuanjun Lu
,
Yau-Tuen Chan
,
Qing Ren
,
Ning Wang
,
Yibin Feng
·
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.857308
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.857308
Background Glypican 2 (GPC2), a member of glypican (GPC) family genes, produces proteoglycan with a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. It has shown its ascending significance in multiple cancers such as neuroblastoma, malignant brain tumor, and small-cell lung cancer. However, no systematic pan-cancer analysis has been conducted to explore its function in diagnosis, prognosis, and immunological prediction. Methods By comprehensive use of datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx), cBioPortal, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), UALCAN, StarBase, and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), we adopted bioinformatics methods to excavate the potential carcinogenesis of GPC2, including dissecting the correlation between GPC2 and prognosis, gene mutation, immune cell infiltration, and DNA methylation of different tumors, and constructed the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks of GPC2 as well as explored the interaction of GPC2 with chemicals and genes. Results The results indicated that GPC2 was highly expressed in most cancers, except in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which presented at a quite low level. Furthermore, GPC2 showed the early diagnostic value in 16 kinds of tumors and was positively or negatively associated with the prognosis of different tumors. It also verified that GPC2 was a gene associated with most immune-infiltrating cells in pan-cancer, especially in thymoma. Moreover, the correlation with GPC2 expression varied depending on the type of immune-related genes. Additionally, GPC2 gene expression has a correlation with DNA methylation in 20 types of cancers. Conclusion Through pan-cancer analysis, we discovered and verified that GPC2 might be useful in cancer detection for the first time. The expression level of GPC2 in a variety of tumors is significantly different from that of normal tissues. In addition, the performance of GPC2 in tumorigenesis and tumor immunity also confirms our conjecture. At the same time, it has high specificity and sensitivity in the detection of cancers. Therefore, GPC2 can be used as an auxiliary indicator for early tumor diagnosis and a prognostic marker for many types of tumors.
Related Topics
Concepts
Human Protein Atlas
DNA methylation
Biomarker
Immune system
Gene
Biology
Cancer research
Cancer
Cancer biomarkers
Carcinogenesis
Gene expression
Computational biology
Bioinformatics
Immunology
Genetics
Protein expression
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.857308
- https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.857308/pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 73
- References
- 40
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4220655386
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4220655386Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.857308Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
GPC2 Is a Potential Diagnostic, Immunological, and Prognostic Biomarker in Pan-CancerWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2022Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2022-03-08Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Guo-Ming Chen, Dongqiang Luo, Nan Zhong, Danyun Li, Jiyuan Zheng, Hui Liao, Zhuoyao Li, Xiaoxiao Lin, Qiqi Chen, Cheng Zhang, Yuanjun Lu, Yau-Tuen Chan, Qing Ren, Ning Wang, Yibin FengList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.857308Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.857308/pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.857308/pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Human Protein Atlas, DNA methylation, Biomarker, Immune system, Gene, Biology, Cancer research, Cancer, Cancer biomarkers, Carcinogenesis, Gene expression, Computational biology, Bioinformatics, Immunology, Genetics, Protein expressionTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
73Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 16, 2024: 27, 2023: 28, 2022: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
40Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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