Heavy Metal Immobilization by Phosphate-Solubilizing Fungus and Phosphogypsum Under the Co-Existence of Pb(II) and Cd(II) Article Swipe
Li Xu
,
Zu Bin Chao
,
Haoxuan Li
,
Jiakai Ji
,
Xin Sun
,
Yingxi Chen
,
Zhen Li
,
Zhen Li
,
Chuanhao Li
,
Jun Yao
,
Lan Xiang
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15071632
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15071632
Globally, phosphogypsum (PG) is the primary by-product of the phosphorus industry. Aspergillus niger (A. niger), one of the most powerful types of phosphate-solubilizing fungi (PSF), can secrete organic acids to dissolve the phosphates in PG. This study investigated heavy metal (HM) remediation by PG and A. niger under the co-existence of Pb and Cd. It demonstrated that 1 mmol/L Pb2+ stimulated the bioactivity of A. niger during incubation, based on the CO2 emission rate. PG successfully functioned as P source for the fungus, and promoted the growth of the fungal cells. Meanwhile, it also provided sulfates to immobilize Pb in the solution. The subsequently generated anglesite was confirmed using SEM imaging. The immobilization rate of Pb reached over 95%. Under co-existence, Pb2+ and 0.01 mmol/L Cd2+ maximized the stimulating effect of A. niger. However, the biotoxicity of Pb2+ and elevated Cd2+ (0.1 mmol/L) counterbalanced the stimulating effect. Finally, 1 mmol/L Cd2+ dramatically reduced the fungal activity. In addition, organic matters from the debris of A. niger could still bind Pb2+ and Cd2+ according to the significantly lowered water-soluble Pb and Cd concentrations. In all treatments with the addition of Cd2+, the relatively high biotoxicity of Cd2+ induced A. niger to absorb more Pb2+ to minimize the sorption of Cd2+ based on the XRD results. The functional group analysis of ATR-IR also confirmed the phenomenon. This pathway maintained the stability of Pb2+ immobilization using the fungus and PG. This study, hence, shed light on the application of A. niger and solid waste PG to remediate the pollution of Pb and Cd.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15071632
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 60
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4412037130
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4412037130Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15071632Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Heavy Metal Immobilization by Phosphate-Solubilizing Fungus and Phosphogypsum Under the Co-Existence of Pb(II) and Cd(II)Work title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-07-04Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Li Xu, Zu Bin Chao, Haoxuan Li, Jiakai Ji, Xin Sun, Yingxi Chen, Zhen Li, Zhen Li, Chuanhao Li, Jun Yao, Lan XiangList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15071632Publisher landing page
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15071632Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Phosphogypsum, Phosphate, Metal, Chemistry, Nuclear chemistry, Fungus, Environmental chemistry, Heavy metals, Botany, Biology, Biochemistry, Organic chemistry, Raw materialTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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