Herpes Simplex Virus Re-Activation in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: A Prospective, Observational Study Article Swipe
Erica Franceschini
,
Alessandro Cozzi‐Lepri
,
Antonella Santoro
,
Erica Bacca
,
Guido Lancellotti
,
Marianna Menozzi
,
William Gennari
,
Marianna Meschiari
,
Andrea Bedini
,
Gabriella Orlando
,
Cinzia Puzzolante
,
Margherita Digaetano
,
Jovana Milić
,
Mauro Codeluppi
,
Monica Pecorari
,
Federica Carli
,
Gianluca Cuomo
,
Gaetano Alfano
,
Luca Corradi
,
Roberto Tonelli
,
Nicola De Maria
,
Stefano Busani
,
Emanuela Biagioni
,
Irene Coloretti
,
Giovanni Guaraldi
,
Mario Sarti
,
Mario Luppi
,
Enrico Clini
,
Massimo Girardis
,
Inge C. Gyssens
,
Cristina Mussini
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091896
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091896
Background: Herpes simplex 1 co-infections in patients with COVID-19 are considered relatively uncommon; some reports on re-activations in patients in intensive-care units were published. The aim of the study was to analyze herpetic re-activations and their clinical manifestations in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, performing HSV-1 PCR on plasma twice a week. Methods: we conducted a prospective, observational, single-center study involving 70 consecutive patients with severe/critical SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia tested for HSV-1 hospitalized at Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena. Results: of these 70 patients, 21 (30.0%) showed detectable viremia and 13 (62%) had clinically relevant manifestations of HSV-1 infection corresponding to 15 events (4 pneumonia, 5 herpes labialis, 3 gingivostomatitis, one encephalitis and two hepatitis). HSV-1 positive patients were more frequently treated with steroids than HSV-1 negative patients (76.2% vs. 49.0%, p = 0.036) and more often underwent mechanical ventilation (IMV) (57.1% vs. 22.4%, p = 0.005). In the unadjusted logistic regression analysis, steroid treatment, IMV, and higher LDH were significantly associated with an increased risk of HSV1 re-activation (odds ratio 3.33, 4.61, and 16.9, respectively). The association with the use of steroids was even stronger after controlling for previous use of both tocilizumab and IMV (OR = 5.13, 95% CI:1.36–19.32, p = 0.016). The effect size was larger when restricting to participants who were treated with high doses of steroids while there was no evidence to support an association with the use of tocilizumab Conclusions: our study shows a high incidence of HSV-1 re-activation both virologically and clinically in patients with SARS-CoV-2 severe pneumonia, especially in those treated with steroids.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091896
- https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/9/1896/pdf?version=1630995109
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 55
- References
- 38
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3198886445
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W3198886445Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091896Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Herpes Simplex Virus Re-Activation in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: A Prospective, Observational StudyWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-09-07Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Erica Franceschini, Alessandro Cozzi‐Lepri, Antonella Santoro, Erica Bacca, Guido Lancellotti, Marianna Menozzi, William Gennari, Marianna Meschiari, Andrea Bedini, Gabriella Orlando, Cinzia Puzzolante, Margherita Digaetano, Jovana Milić, Mauro Codeluppi, Monica Pecorari, Federica Carli, Gianluca Cuomo, Gaetano Alfano, Luca Corradi, Roberto Tonelli, Nicola De Maria, Stefano Busani, Emanuela Biagioni, Irene Coloretti, Giovanni Guaraldi, Mario Sarti, Mario Luppi, Enrico Clini, Massimo Girardis, Inge C. Gyssens, Cristina MussiniList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091896Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/9/1896/pdf?version=1630995109Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/9/1896/pdf?version=1630995109Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Medicine, Internal medicine, Herpes simplex virus, Herpes Labialis, Prospective cohort study, Odds ratio, Mechanical ventilation, Pneumonia, Observational study, Gastroenterology, Virus, ImmunologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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55Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 6, 2024: 12, 2023: 16, 2022: 19, 2021: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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38Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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