How should we define “low-wage” work? An analysis using the Current Population Survey Article Swipe
Vincent A. Fusaro
,
H. Luke Shaefer
·
YOU?
·
· 2016
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44
YOU?
·
· 2016
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44
Part-time workers: some key differences between primary and secondary earners Data from the Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the CPS indicate that the proportion of part-time workers who are primary earners has grown over the past three decades; part-time primary earners face numerous social welfare challenges, whereas part-time secondary earners have social welfare outcomes that compare well with those of full-time workers
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44
- https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2009/10/art1full.pdf
- OA Status
- bronze
- Cited By
- 15
- References
- 10
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W2594821924
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W2594821924Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
How should we define “low-wage” work? An analysis using the Current Population SurveyWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2016Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2016-10-04Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Vincent A. Fusaro, H. Luke ShaeferList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2009/10/art1full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
bronzeOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2009/10/art1full.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Current Population Survey, Work (physics), Low wage, Wage, Current (fluid), Population, Demographic economics, Labour economics, Economics, Sociology, Engineering, Demography, Mechanical engineering, Electrical engineeringTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
15Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1, 2024: 4, 2023: 3, 2021: 1, 2019: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
10Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W2594821924 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44 |
| ids.mag | 2594821924 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W2594821924 |
| fwci | 4.03459037 |
| type | article |
| title | How should we define “low-wage” work? An analysis using the Current Population Survey |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T11959 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/36 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Health Professions |
| topics[0].score | 0.9983000159263611 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3600 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | General Health Professions |
| topics[0].display_name | Employment and Welfare Studies |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10208 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/20 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Economics, Econometrics and Finance |
| topics[1].score | 0.998199999332428 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2002 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Economics and Econometrics |
| topics[1].display_name | Labor market dynamics and wage inequality |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10349 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].score | 0.9810000061988831 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3312 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Sociology and Political Science |
| topics[2].display_name | Migration and Labor Dynamics |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2777766161 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9163036942481995 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5195069 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Current Population Survey |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C18762648 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.604505181312561 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Work (physics) |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C3019417595 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6042071580886841 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380817 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Low wage |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2777388388 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5872135162353516 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Wage |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C148043351 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5430504679679871 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Current (fluid) |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C2908647359 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4607456922531128 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Population |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C4249254 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4256884753704071 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Demographic economics |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C145236788 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4110720753669739 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Labour economics |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C162324750 |
| concepts[8].level | 0 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.40742021799087524 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Economics |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C144024400 |
| concepts[9].level | 0 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.1894320547580719 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Sociology |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.1452527940273285 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C149923435 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.144596666097641 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Demography |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C78519656 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Mechanical engineering |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C119599485 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Electrical engineering |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/current-population-survey |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9163036942481995 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Current Population Survey |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/work |
| keywords[1].score | 0.604505181312561 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Work (physics) |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/low-wage |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6042071580886841 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Low wage |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/wage |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5872135162353516 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Wage |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/current |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5430504679679871 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Current (fluid) |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/population |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4607456922531128 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Population |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-economics |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4256884753704071 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Demographic economics |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/labour-economics |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4110720753669739 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Labour economics |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/economics |
| keywords[8].score | 0.40742021799087524 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Economics |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology |
| keywords[9].score | 0.1894320547580719 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Sociology |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[10].score | 0.1452527940273285 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/demography |
| keywords[11].score | 0.144596666097641 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Demography |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.21916/mlr.2016.44 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S58891722 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0098-1818, 1937-4658 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0098-1818 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | False |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Monthly labor review |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310315937 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310315937 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2009/10/art1full.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Monthly Labor Review |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5029516911 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2238-4434 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Vincent A. Fusaro |
| authorships[0].countries | US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | †University of Michigan |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00jmfr291 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | University of Michigan |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Vincent Fusaro |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | †University of Michigan |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5080730162 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | H. Luke Shaefer |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation |
| authorships[1].author_position | last |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | H. Luke Shaefer |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2009/10/art1full.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | bronze |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | How should we define “low-wage” work? An analysis using the Current Population Survey |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T11959 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/36 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Health Professions |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9983000159263611 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3600 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | General Health Professions |
| primary_topic.display_name | Employment and Welfare Studies |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W1949816667, https://openalex.org/W2768056539, https://openalex.org/W2614013663, https://openalex.org/W2331856297, https://openalex.org/W2563338463, https://openalex.org/W2594821924, https://openalex.org/W2287355985, https://openalex.org/W1965902012, https://openalex.org/W2603677969, https://openalex.org/W2003465959 |
| cited_by_count | 15 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2019 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[5].year | 2018 |
| counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[6].year | 2017 |
| counts_by_year[6].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.21916/mlr.2016.44 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S58891722 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 0098-1818, 1937-4658 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 0098-1818 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | False |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Monthly labor review |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310315937 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310315937 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2009/10/art1full.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Monthly Labor Review |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.21916/mlr.2016.44 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S58891722 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0098-1818, 1937-4658 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0098-1818 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | False |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Monthly labor review |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310315937 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310315937 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2009/10/art1full.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Monthly Labor Review |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.21916/mlr.2016.44 |
| publication_date | 2016-10-04 |
| publication_year | 2016 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W3124401164, https://openalex.org/W2089426458, https://openalex.org/W2148918709, https://openalex.org/W1998806416, https://openalex.org/W2074521875, https://openalex.org/W1996848171, https://openalex.org/W2126179497, https://openalex.org/W2005139651, https://openalex.org/W2154734662, https://openalex.org/W1969473321 |
| referenced_works_count | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 25, 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CPS | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 7, 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.key | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 12, 19, 23, 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.who | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Data | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.face | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.over | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.past | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.some | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 22, 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.grown | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.those | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.three | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Annual | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Social | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.social | 44, 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compare | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.earners | 9, 31, 41, 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.primary | 6, 30, 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.welfare | 45, 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whereas | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.workers | 27, 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Economic | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decades; | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicate | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.numerous | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.outcomes | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.workers: | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Part-time | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.full-time | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.part-time | 26, 39, 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.secondary | 8, 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Supplement | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proportion | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenges, | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differences | 4 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 2 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7400000095367432 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Decent work and economic growth |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.93696019 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |