How the nature of weak learning and retention interval affects behavioral tagging of episodic memory. Article Swipe
Sharon F. Lambert
,
Sophia A. Bibb
,
Nicole E. Keller
,
Samuel E. Cooper
,
Joseph E. Dunsmoor
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001803
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001803
Emotional experiences can promote memory consolidation of weakly learned events encoded around the same time. This memory enhancement through temporal convergence between a weak and strong event accords with the behavioral tagging hypothesis, a behavioral analog of the synaptic tagging model for cellular plasticity. There is evidence for a behavioral tagging process in human episodic memory. However, the conditions necessary to stabilize episodic memory through association with a more meaningful event remain vague. Here, we investigated whether the nature of the "weak" event and length of the retention interval are boundary conditions underlying selective retroactive memory enhancements. Participants encoded trial-unique items from two semantic categories before, during, and after fear conditioning that involved pairing one category with electric shock. Memory was tested either 24 hr or 1 month later. Importantly, some participants did not expect shocks during weak learning and were administered electric shocks only after weak learning, while other participants experienced shocks before weak learning and expected shocks throughout every encoding phase. Results showed that participants who weakly encoded category exemplars without presumed threat of shock prior to fear conditioning exhibited selective retroactive memory enhancements that survived up to 1 month later. By contrast, altering the nature of "weak" encoding through prearousal and threat expectancy prevented selective retroactive enhancements at 24 hr; however, a selective retroactive enhancement did emerge when memory was tested 1 month later. These findings suggest that sufficiently encoded events fail to profit from additional modulation by subsequent emotional learning when tested at relatively short retention intervals. However, selective retroactive preservation for information conceptually related to an emotional event is revealed over longer retention intervals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
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- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001803
- OA Status
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- Cited By
- 1
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- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4412487742
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https://openalex.org/W4412487742Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001803Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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How the nature of weak learning and retention interval affects behavioral tagging of episodic memory.Work title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-07-17Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Sharon F. Lambert, Sophia A. Bibb, Nicole E. Keller, Samuel E. Cooper, Joseph E. DunsmoorList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001803Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001803Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Psychology, Episodic memory, Cognitive psychology, Expectancy theory, Fear conditioning, Memory consolidation, Conditioning, Engram, Classical conditioning, Forgetting, Recall, Cognition, Neuroscience, Developmental psychology, Social psychology, Amygdala, Hippocampus, Statistics, MathematicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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