Building CMU Sphinx language model for the Holy Quran using simplified Arabic phonemes Article Swipe
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· 2016
· Open Access
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· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eij.2016.04.002
· OA: W2417997959
In Malaysia, breast cancer is the commonest cancer in all ethnic. Breast cancer in \nMalaysian women occurs in the younger age group compared with Western countries and \nthe fourth most common cause of death among all cancers in Malaysia. Stage at \npresentation here is more advanced with tumor size being much larger and with either \nlocally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. There was a higher proportion of hormone \nreceptor-negative with higher grade tumour in Asian patients compared to Western \ncountries raises questions whether a different pattern of breast cancer is seen in Asian. \nOBJECTIVES \nThe aim of this study is to evaluate the age at presentation and hormone receptor status of \nbreast cancers and its association with other established prognostic factors for example \ntumor size, lymph node status and tumour grade. \nMETHODOLOGY \nThis is a study of retrospective record review of 160 patients diagnosed from 1st January \n2003 to 31st December 2008. List of name of patients have been obtained from cancer \nregistry of Pathology Department in Hospital University Sains of Malaysia (HUSM) and \nHospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II (HRPZ II). The data were obtained from medical records. Data were entered into data collection protocol and were analyzed using SPSS \nsoftware version 12.0. \nRESULTS \nThis study identifies the association between tumour size and lymph node involvement and \nstaging of breast cancer at presentation. Majority breast cancer patients in this study were \nfrom 40 to 49 years old. Minority of patients had tumour size 2cm and below at \npresentation. The commonest stage at presentation of breast cancer was at stage II and \ngrade III. Only 47.8% were ER (+)and 51.5% were PR (+)respectively. \nCONCLUSION \nThis study cannot prove of association between young age and receptor status with \nadvanced stage of breast cancer. Majority of patients presented with large size tumour with \npoorly differentiated histology, estrogen receptor-negative and lymph node metastases.
