Immune Checkpoint-Induced Colitis: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study Article Swipe
B. Holder
,
J. Vereecke
,
Nathan Ureel
,
Triana Lobatón
,
Anne Hoorens
,
A. Lievens
,
Marie Truyens
,
Sylvie Rottey
,
Karim Vermaelen
,
V D'Cruz
,
Jeroen Geldof
,
Celine Jacobs
,
Eline Naert
,
Elien De Mulder
,
Michael Saerens
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14207219
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14207219
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy but are often complicated by immune-related adverse events, particularly colitis. With increasing ICI use, understanding the clinical course and management of ICI-induced colitis is essential. Objectives: To characterize the clinical, endoscopic, and histological features of ICI-induced colitis and evaluate treatment outcomes, focusing on the use of corticosteroids and second-line biologicals (infliximab and vedolizumab) in a real-world setting. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Ghent University Hospital, including 77 adult patients diagnosed with ICI-induced colitis in between 2012 and 2023. Clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, and histological data were analyzed, along with treatment response and safety outcomes. Results: Patients with ICI-induced colitis received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (64.9%), anti-CTLA-4 (9.1%), or combination of both (26.0%). In patients with normal endoscopic findings, histological signs of colitis were observed in 88.0%. Combination ICI therapy was associated with higher Mayo scores (p = 0.029) and increased need for biologicals (p = 0.011) compared to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy. Clinical response rates were 79.6% with corticosteroids and 100.0% with biologicals. Rechallenge with ICIs lead to a 17.4% relapse rate. No colitis-related deaths were observed. Conclusions: In this retrospective study, we demonstrate that random colon biopsies reveal microscopic ICI-induced colitis in most patients with absence of endoscopic disease. Combination ICI therapy predicts a corticosteroid-refractory course, supporting the need for early escalation to biologicals. ICI rechallenge appears feasible, as relapse rates were relatively low and colitis morbidity remained manageable. Prospective studies are needed to refine therapeutic strategies and improve patient outcomes.
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- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14207219
- https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/20/7219/pdf?version=1760359488
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 24
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4415203736
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W4415203736Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14207219Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Immune Checkpoint-Induced Colitis: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort StudyWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-10-13Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
B. Holder, J. Vereecke, Nathan Ureel, Triana Lobatón, Anne Hoorens, A. Lievens, Marie Truyens, Sylvie Rottey, Karim Vermaelen, V D'Cruz, Jeroen Geldof, Celine Jacobs, Eline Naert, Elien De Mulder, Michael SaerensList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14207219Publisher landing page
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https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/20/7219/pdf?version=1760359488Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/20/7219/pdf?version=1760359488Direct OA link when available
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.63723709 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |