Impact of a machine learning algorithm on time to palliative care in a primary care population: protocol for a stepped-wedge pragmatic randomized trial Article Swipe
Ethan P. Heinzen
,
Patrick M. Wilson
,
Curtis B. Storlie
,
Gabriel Demuth
,
Shusaku Asai
,
Gavin M. Schaeferle
,
Mairead M. Bartley
,
Rachel D. Havyer
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0
Background As primary care populations age, timely identification of palliative care need is becoming increasingly relevant. Previous studies have targeted particular patient populations with life-limiting disease, but few have focused on patients in a primary care setting. Toward this end, we propose a stepped-wedge pragmatic randomized trial whereby a machine learning algorithm identifies patients empaneled to primary care units at Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota, United States) with high likelihood of palliative care need. Methods 42 care team units in 9 clusters were randomized to 7 wedges, each lasting 42 days. For care teams in treatment wedges, palliative care specialists review identified patients, making recommendations to primary care providers when appropriate. Care teams in control wedges receive palliative care under the standard of care. Discussion This pragmatic trial therefore integrates machine learning into clinical decision making, instead of simply reporting theoretical predictive performance. Such integration has the possibility to decrease time to palliative care, improving patient quality of life and symptom burden. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04604457 , restrospectively registered 10/26/2020. Protocol v0.5, dated 9/23/2020
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0
- https://bmcpalliatcare.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 8
- References
- 11
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4319081120
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4319081120Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Impact of a machine learning algorithm on time to palliative care in a primary care population: protocol for a stepped-wedge pragmatic randomized trialWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-02-03Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Ethan P. Heinzen, Patrick M. Wilson, Curtis B. Storlie, Gabriel Demuth, Shusaku Asai, Gavin M. Schaeferle, Mairead M. Bartley, Rachel D. HavyerList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://bmcpalliatcare.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://bmcpalliatcare.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Palliative care, Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Population, Primary care, Curative care, Nursing, Family medicine, Ambulatory care, Health care, Internal medicine, Environmental health, Economic growth, EconomicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
8Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 5, 2024: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
11Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4319081120 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36737744 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4319081120 |
| fwci | 3.78932336 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D064946 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D010166 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Palliative Care |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D010361 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Patients |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D011320 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Primary Health Care |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D011788 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Quality of Life |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D016032 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D064792 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Pragmatic Clinical Trials as Topic |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D064946 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D010166 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Palliative Care |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D010361 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Patients |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D011320 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Primary Health Care |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D011788 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Quality of Life |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D016032 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D064792 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Pragmatic Clinical Trials as Topic |
| type | article |
| title | Impact of a machine learning algorithm on time to palliative care in a primary care population: protocol for a stepped-wedge pragmatic randomized trial |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | 22 |
| biblio.last_page | 9 |
| biblio.first_page | 9 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10177 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 1.0 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2739 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health |
| topics[0].display_name | Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10178 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9965999722480774 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2730 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Oncology |
| topics[1].display_name | Cancer survivorship and care |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11141 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[2].score | 0.9957000017166138 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2735 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health |
| topics[2].display_name | Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 1790 |
| apc_list.currency | GBP |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2195 |
| apc_paid.value | 1790 |
| apc_paid.currency | GBP |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2195 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2994186709 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8527084589004517 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29483 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Palliative care |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.693926215171814 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C168563851 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6221742033958435 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Randomized controlled trial |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2908647359 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5096616744995117 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Population |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C2984752397 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.4365946054458618 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Primary care |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C161681244 |
| concepts[5].level | 4 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.42803072929382324 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5194613 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Curative care |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C159110408 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4126847982406616 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Nursing |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C512399662 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.40151041746139526 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Family medicine |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C124306116 |
| concepts[8].level | 3 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.3456389307975769 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2512965 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Ambulatory care |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C160735492 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.29201334714889526 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Health care |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.07369425892829895 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C99454951 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Environmental health |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C50522688 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Economic growth |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C162324750 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Economics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/palliative-care |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8527084589004517 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Palliative care |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[1].score | 0.693926215171814 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/randomized-controlled-trial |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6221742033958435 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Randomized controlled trial |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/population |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5096616744995117 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Population |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care |
| keywords[4].score | 0.4365946054458618 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Primary care |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/curative-care |
| keywords[5].score | 0.42803072929382324 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Curative care |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4126847982406616 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Nursing |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/family-medicine |
| keywords[7].score | 0.40151041746139526 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Family medicine |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ambulatory-care |
| keywords[8].score | 0.3456389307975769 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Ambulatory care |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care |
| keywords[9].score | 0.29201334714889526 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Health care |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[10].score | 0.07369425892829895 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Internal medicine |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S169992948 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1472-684X |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1472-684X |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | BMC Palliative Care |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320256 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | BioMed Central |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320256, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | BioMed Central, Springer Nature |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://bmcpalliatcare.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | BMC Palliative Care |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:36737744 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | BMC palliative care |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36737744 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c420253fb8d4472ab4991d5f331b9c86 |
| locations[2].is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | article |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | BMC Palliative Care, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2023) |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/c420253fb8d4472ab4991d5f331b9c86 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9896817 |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[3].license | other-oa |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | BMC Palliat Care |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9896817 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5027417913 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6281-2934 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Ethan P. Heinzen |
| authorships[0].countries | US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jp40720 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Arizona |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Ethan P. Heinzen |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5102970277 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6604-444X |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Patrick M. Wilson |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jp40720 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Arizona |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Patrick M. Wilson |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5079013017 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2464-6864 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Curtis B. Storlie |
| authorships[2].countries | US |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jp40720 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Arizona |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Curtis B. Storlie |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5037247008 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3571-4559 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Gabriel Demuth |
| authorships[3].countries | US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jp40720 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Arizona |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Gabriel O. Demuth |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5084348251 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9230-3103 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Shusaku Asai |
| authorships[4].countries | US |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jp40720 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Arizona |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Shusaku W. Asai |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5009680035 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Gavin M. Schaeferle |
| authorships[5].countries | US |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jp40720 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Arizona |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Gavin M. Schaeferle |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5106124290 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-2797 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Mairead M. Bartley |
| authorships[6].countries | US |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jp40720 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Arizona |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Mairead M. Bartley |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5087201348 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7677-2742 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Rachel D. Havyer |
| authorships[7].countries | US |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jp40720 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330342723, https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Mayo Clinic in Arizona |
| authorships[7].author_position | last |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Rachel D. Havyer |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://bmcpalliatcare.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Impact of a machine learning algorithm on time to palliative care in a primary care population: protocol for a stepped-wedge pragmatic randomized trial |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10177 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 1.0 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2739 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health |
| primary_topic.display_name | Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4376121711, https://openalex.org/W2028672854, https://openalex.org/W2998568207, https://openalex.org/W2886481800, https://openalex.org/W2114221479, https://openalex.org/W3121027770, https://openalex.org/W1968711066, https://openalex.org/W2087293557, https://openalex.org/W4388286743, https://openalex.org/W2911775605 |
| cited_by_count | 8 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 5 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 3 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S169992948 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1472-684X |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1472-684X |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | BMC Palliative Care |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320256 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | BioMed Central |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320256, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | BioMed Central, Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://bmcpalliatcare.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | BMC Palliative Care |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S169992948 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1472-684X |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1472-684X |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | BMC Palliative Care |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320256 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | BioMed Central |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320256, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | BioMed Central, Springer Nature |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://bmcpalliatcare.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | BMC Palliative Care |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01113-0 |
| publication_date | 2023-02-03 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2561425398, https://openalex.org/W2147016542, https://openalex.org/W2787807749, https://openalex.org/W2980544752, https://openalex.org/W2103903454, https://openalex.org/W3022262705, https://openalex.org/W2959711203, https://openalex.org/W2336735968, https://openalex.org/W2971593872, https://openalex.org/W2096721483, https://openalex.org/W1998475737 |
| referenced_works_count | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index., | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.7 | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.9 | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 34, 43, 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.42 | 75, 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.As | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 33, 79, 94, 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 9, 70, 122, 137, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 56, 84, 105, 148, 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.For | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.few | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 120, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Care | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Mayo | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Such | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age, | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.care | 4, 11, 36, 58, 72, 76, 92, 98, 107, 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.each | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.end, | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 19, 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.life | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.need | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.team | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.when | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 24, 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Trial | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.care, | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.care. | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dated | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.days. | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.need. | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.teams | 93, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trial | 47, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.under | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.units | 59, 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.v0.5, | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Clinic | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Toward | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.United | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.making | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simply | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.timely | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wedges | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.States) | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.burden. | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.focused | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.instead | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lasting | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.machine | 50, 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.making, | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patient | 22, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.primary | 3, 35, 57, 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.propose | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quality | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.receive | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptom | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wedges, | 86, 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whereby | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Previous | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Protocol | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.becoming | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clinical | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clusters | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decision | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decrease | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease, | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.learning | 51, 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patients | 32, 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.setting. | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.standard | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.targeted | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.9/23/2020 | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.algorithm | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.empaneled | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improving | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patients, | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pragmatic | 45, 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.providers | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relevant. | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reporting | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.therefore | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treatment | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Discussion | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Minnesota, | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identifies | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.integrates | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.likelihood | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.palliative | 10, 71, 97, 117, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particular | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.predictive | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.randomized | 46, 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.registered | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Rochester, | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10/26/2020. | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.NCT04604457 | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.integration | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.populations | 5, 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.possibility | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.specialists | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.theoretical | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.appropriate. | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increasingly | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance. | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.registration | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.life-limiting | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stepped-wedge | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identification | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recommendations | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.restrospectively | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Clinicaltrials.gov | 164 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 96 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5027417913 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 8 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210125099 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.800000011920929 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Peace, Justice and strong institutions |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.89058889 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |