In Situ Observations and Lumped Parameter Model Reconstructions Reveal Intra‐Annual to Multidecadal Variability in Groundwater Levels in Sub‐Saharan Africa Article Swipe
Matthew Ascott
,
David Macdonald
,
Emily Black
,
Anne Verhoef
,
P. Nakohoun
,
Justine Tirogo
,
Wennegouda Jean Pierre Sandwidi
,
Jan Bliefernicht
,
James Sorensen
,
A. Y. Bossa
·
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056
Understanding temporal variability in groundwater levels is essential for water resources management. In sub‐Saharan Africa, groundwater level dynamics are poorly constrained due to limited long‐term observations. Here, we present the first published analysis of temporal variability in groundwater levels at the national scale in sub‐Saharan Africa, using 12 multidecadal (ca. 1980s to present) groundwater level hydrographs in Burkina Faso. For each hydrograph, we developed lumped parameter models which achieved acceptable calibrations (NSE = 0.5–0.99). For eight sites not showing significant ( p < 0.001) long‐term groundwater level declines, we reconstructed groundwater levels to 1902, over 50 years before the earliest observations in the tropics. We standardized and clustered the eight reconstructed hydrographs to compare responses across the sites. Overall, the 12 hydrographs were categorized into three groups, which are dominated by (1) long‐term declines (four sites), (2) short‐term intra‐annual variability (three sites), and (3) long‐term multidecadal variability (five sites). We postulate that group 1 is controlled by anthropogenic influences (land use change and abstraction). Correlation of modeled water table depth and groundwater response times with hydrograph autocorrelation suggests that hydrogeological properties and structure control differences between groups 2 and 3. Group 3 shows a small recovery in groundwater levels following the 1970/1980s drought. Differences in intra‐annual to multidecadal variability in groundwater levels have implications for water management and highlight the value of long‐term monitoring. Reconstructions contextualize current groundwater status, forecasts, and projections. The approach developed is generic and applicable where long‐term groundwater level data exist.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2020WR028056
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 33
- References
- 67
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3096831641
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W3096831641Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
In Situ Observations and Lumped Parameter Model Reconstructions Reveal Intra‐Annual to Multidecadal Variability in Groundwater Levels in Sub‐Saharan AfricaWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2020Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2020-11-03Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Matthew Ascott, David Macdonald, Emily Black, Anne Verhoef, P. Nakohoun, Justine Tirogo, Wennegouda Jean Pierre Sandwidi, Jan Bliefernicht, James Sorensen, A. Y. BossaList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2020WR028056Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2020WR028056Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Groundwater, Hydrograph, Water table, Hydrology (agriculture), Environmental science, Hydrogeology, Term (time), Geography, Geology, Drainage basin, Cartography, Physics, Geotechnical engineering, Quantum mechanicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
33Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 5, 2024: 7, 2023: 9, 2022: 7, 2021: 4Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
67Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W3096831641 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056 |
| ids.mag | 3096831641 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W3096831641 |
| fwci | 1.87066445 |
| type | article |
| title | In Situ Observations and Lumped Parameter Model Reconstructions Reveal Intra‐Annual to Multidecadal Variability in Groundwater Levels in Sub‐Saharan Africa |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G1378375154 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320334631 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | NE/M008983/1 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | Natural Environment Research Council |
| awards[1].id | https://openalex.org/G7601171685 |
| awards[1].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320334631 |
| awards[1].display_name | |
| awards[1].funder_award_id | NE/M008827/1 |
| awards[1].funder_display_name | Natural Environment Research Council |
| awards[2].id | https://openalex.org/G6472994554 |
| awards[2].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320321464 |
| awards[2].display_name | |
| awards[2].funder_award_id | NE/R000069/1 |
| awards[2].funder_display_name | British Geological Survey |
| biblio.issue | 12 |
| biblio.volume | 56 |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10330 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[0].score | 0.9997000098228455 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2312 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Water Science and Technology |
| topics[0].display_name | Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11186 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[1].score | 0.9983000159263611 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2306 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Global and Planetary Change |
| topics[1].display_name | Hydrology and Drought Analysis |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10029 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[2].score | 0.9972000122070312 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2306 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Global and Planetary Change |
| topics[2].display_name | Climate variability and models |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320321464 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/04a7gbp98 |
| funders[0].display_name | British Geological Survey |
| funders[1].id | https://openalex.org/F4320334631 |
| funders[1].ror | https://ror.org/02b5d8509 |
| funders[1].display_name | Natural Environment Research Council |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 3000 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 3000 |
| apc_paid.value | 3000 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 3000 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C76177295 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8228276968002319 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Groundwater |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C154936535 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.8140161633491516 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320062 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Hydrograph |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C39769621 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6833957433700562 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3342272 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Water table |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C76886044 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5659508109092712 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Hydrology (agriculture) |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C39432304 |
| concepts[4].level | 0 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5393175482749939 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Environmental science |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C33556824 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5257580876350403 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179509 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Hydrogeology |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C61797465 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4721519947052002 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Term (time) |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C205649164 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.29644519090652466 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Geography |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C127313418 |
| concepts[8].level | 0 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.24919095635414124 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Geology |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C126645576 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.2060103714466095 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166620 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Drainage basin |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C58640448 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.0663030743598938 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Cartography |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C187320778 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Geotechnical engineering |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C62520636 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Quantum mechanics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8228276968002319 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Groundwater |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrograph |
| keywords[1].score | 0.8140161633491516 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Hydrograph |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/water-table |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6833957433700562 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Water table |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5659508109092712 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Hydrology (agriculture) |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5393175482749939 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Environmental science |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogeology |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5257580876350403 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Hydrogeology |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/term |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4721519947052002 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Term (time) |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geography |
| keywords[7].score | 0.29644519090652466 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Geography |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geology |
| keywords[8].score | 0.24919095635414124 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Geology |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/drainage-basin |
| keywords[9].score | 0.2060103714466095 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Drainage basin |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography |
| keywords[10].score | 0.0663030743598938 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Cartography |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1029/2020wr028056 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S204847658 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0043-1397, 1944-7973 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0043-1397 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Water Resources Research |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Wiley |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Wiley |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2020WR028056 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Water Resources Research |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:93766 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402273 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | CentAUR (University of Reading) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I71052956 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | University of Reading |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I71052956 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | acceptedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | PeerReviewed |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000411.html> |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:528979 |
| locations[2].is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400758 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | NERC Open Research Archive (Natural Environment Research Council) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I141816643 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | Natural Environment Research Council |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I141816643 |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | acceptedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Publication - Article |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | True |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:uni-augsburg.opus-bayern.de:83441 |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400930 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | OPUS (Augsburg University) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I119916105 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | Augsburg University |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I119916105 |
| locations[3].license | cc-by |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | article |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:384-opus4-834410 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5024009439 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4868-2069 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Matthew Ascott |
| authorships[0].countries | GB |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I139290333 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | British Geological Survey, Oxfordshire, UK |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I139290333 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04a7gbp98 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | government |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I139290333, https://openalex.org/I141816643, https://openalex.org/I4210087105 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | British Geological Survey |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | M. J. Ascott |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | British Geological Survey, Oxfordshire, UK |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5087508820 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3475-636X |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | David Macdonald |
| authorships[1].countries | GB |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I139290333 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | British Geological Survey, Oxfordshire, UK |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I139290333 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04a7gbp98 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | government |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I139290333, https://openalex.org/I141816643, https://openalex.org/I4210087105 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | British Geological Survey |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | D. M. J. Macdonald |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | British Geological Survey, Oxfordshire, UK |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5044615801 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-6186 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Emily Black |
| authorships[2].countries | GB |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I71052956 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I71052956 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05v62cm79 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I71052956 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | University of Reading |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | E. Black |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5072552795 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9498-6696 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Anne Verhoef |
| authorships[3].countries | GB |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I71052956 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I71052956 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05v62cm79 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I71052956 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | University of Reading |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | A. Verhoef |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5046210352 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | P. Nakohoun |
| authorships[4].countries | BF |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210091352 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Direction Générale des Ressources en Eaux du Burkina Faso Ouagadougou Burkina Faso |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210091352 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00ddw9x26 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | other |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210091352 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | BF |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Direction Générale de la Météorologie |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | P. Nakohoun |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Direction Générale des Ressources en Eaux du Burkina Faso Ouagadougou Burkina Faso |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5016218807 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9263-8682 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Justine Tirogo |
| authorships[5].countries | BF |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210087467 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Programme d'approvisionnement en eau et d'assainissement du Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210087467 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/004de7504 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | government |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210087467 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | BF |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Burkina Faso Ministry of the Environment, Green Economy, and Climate Change |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | J. Tirogo |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Programme d'approvisionnement en eau et d'assainissement du Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5086865334 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2670-6813 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Wennegouda Jean Pierre Sandwidi |
| authorships[6].countries | BF |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210102862, https://openalex.org/I4400573159 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Ingénieurs de Fada Université de Fada N'Gourma Fada‐Ngourma Burkina Faso |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4400573159 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/030mmee62 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4400573159 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | University of Fada N'gourma |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210102862 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01d08jk87 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210102862 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].country_code | BF |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].display_name | BARKA Foundation |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | W. J. P. Sandwidi |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Ingénieurs de Fada Université de Fada N'Gourma Fada‐Ngourma Burkina Faso |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5040715683 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-6231 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Jan Bliefernicht |
| authorships[7].countries | DE |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I179225836 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I179225836 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03p14d497 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I179225836 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | University of Augsburg |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | J. Bliefernicht |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5072017102 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2157-990X |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | James Sorensen |
| authorships[8].countries | GB |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I139290333 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | British Geological Survey, Oxfordshire, UK |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I139290333 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04a7gbp98 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | government |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I139290333, https://openalex.org/I141816643, https://openalex.org/I4210087105 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | British Geological Survey |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | J. P. R. Sorensen |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | British Geological Survey, Oxfordshire, UK |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5113267578 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | A. Y. Bossa |
| authorships[9].countries | BF, BJ |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210119417 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | National Water Institute, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210087467 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210087467 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/004de7504 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | government |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210087467 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | BF |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | Burkina Faso Ministry of the Environment, Green Economy, and Climate Change |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210119417 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03gzr6j88 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210119417 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].country_code | BJ |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].display_name | Université d'Abomey-Calavi |
| authorships[9].author_position | last |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | A. Y. Bossa |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | National Water Institute, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin, West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2020WR028056 |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | In Situ Observations and Lumped Parameter Model Reconstructions Reveal Intra‐Annual to Multidecadal Variability in Groundwater Levels in Sub‐Saharan Africa |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10330 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9997000098228455 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2312 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Water Science and Technology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2368338570, https://openalex.org/W4386660975, https://openalex.org/W2355204683, https://openalex.org/W960942219, https://openalex.org/W2021901612, https://openalex.org/W2356573609, https://openalex.org/W4389564520, https://openalex.org/W2916455888, https://openalex.org/W2367667981, https://openalex.org/W2392602178 |
| cited_by_count | 33 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 5 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 7 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 9 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 7 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 4 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1029/2020wr028056 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S204847658 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 0043-1397, 1944-7973 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 0043-1397 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Water Resources Research |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Wiley |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Wiley |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2020WR028056 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Water Resources Research |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1029/2020wr028056 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S204847658 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0043-1397, 1944-7973 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0043-1397 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Water Resources Research |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Wiley |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Wiley |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2020WR028056 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Water Resources Research |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028056 |
| publication_date | 2020-11-03 |
| publication_year | 2020 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2892250830, https://openalex.org/W2964752161, https://openalex.org/W2762255318, https://openalex.org/W3083938245, https://openalex.org/W2948284713, https://openalex.org/W2045086912, https://openalex.org/W2964629994, https://openalex.org/W1608005674, https://openalex.org/W2908965886, https://openalex.org/W2966073096, https://openalex.org/W2041534329, https://openalex.org/W2281175719, https://openalex.org/W2787089074, https://openalex.org/W1804902297, https://openalex.org/W2074218859, https://openalex.org/W2075384052, https://openalex.org/W2019372204, https://openalex.org/W2135572706, https://openalex.org/W2059334032, https://openalex.org/W2077797698, https://openalex.org/W2903254216, https://openalex.org/W2162604832, https://openalex.org/W2124900512, https://openalex.org/W2791662920, https://openalex.org/W2005751867, https://openalex.org/W1867005924, https://openalex.org/W2588003345, https://openalex.org/W2945381569, https://openalex.org/W2105525330, https://openalex.org/W2152668900, https://openalex.org/W2297395964, https://openalex.org/W2754356639, https://openalex.org/W2151984094, https://openalex.org/W2020051054, https://openalex.org/W4230098953, https://openalex.org/W2203859310, https://openalex.org/W2136618539, https://openalex.org/W2911313384, https://openalex.org/W2990895666, https://openalex.org/W2428806292, https://openalex.org/W2058998445, https://openalex.org/W2755539209, https://openalex.org/W2033904036, https://openalex.org/W2124201289, https://openalex.org/W2797858754, https://openalex.org/W2223697897, https://openalex.org/W2063055716, https://openalex.org/W2774241304, https://openalex.org/W2143522779, https://openalex.org/W1980548846, https://openalex.org/W2115156051, https://openalex.org/W2528044510, https://openalex.org/W2021842923, https://openalex.org/W1988104648, https://openalex.org/W2065463790, https://openalex.org/W2081941782, https://openalex.org/W4394085630, https://openalex.org/W3013671444, https://openalex.org/W2015831977, https://openalex.org/W2159466132, https://openalex.org/W2118508835, https://openalex.org/W1534408265, https://openalex.org/W1487923163, https://openalex.org/W2153179024, https://openalex.org/W645828246, https://openalex.org/W1599777443, https://openalex.org/W414720532 |
| referenced_works_count | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.( | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1 | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2 | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3 | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.= | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.p | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.12 | 48, 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3. | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.50 | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 105, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 131, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 4, 37, 44, 57, 102, 197, 205, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 7, 155, 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 34, 166, 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 23, 52, 93, 113, 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 28, 63, 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(1) | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(2) | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(3) | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.For | 60, 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 107, 143, 163, 171, 182, 189, 218, 231, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 19, 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.due | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 9, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 30, 41, 99, 103, 109, 117, 120, 201, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.use | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.< | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(NSE | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(ca. | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.each | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.over | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 152, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(five | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(four | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(land | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1902, | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1980s | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Faso. | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Group | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Here, | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.depth | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.eight | 76, 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.first | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.group | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.level | 17, 55, 87, 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scale | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shows | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sites | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.small | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.table | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.three | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.times | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.value | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.water | 10, 168, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.where | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 68, 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(three | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.001) | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.across | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.before | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.change | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exist. | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.groups | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels | 6, 39, 92, 199, 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lumped | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.poorly | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sites. | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Africa, | 15, 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Burkina | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compare | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.current | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generic | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.groups, | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.limited | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modeled | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showing | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sites), | 136, 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sites). | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.status, | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Overall, | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.achieved | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approach | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.declines | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drought. | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dynamics | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.earliest | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.national | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present) | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recovery | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.response | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suggests | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.temporal | 2, 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tropics. | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clustered | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.declines, | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developed | 64, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dominated | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.essential | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.following | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highlight | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parameter | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.postulate | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.published | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resources | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structure | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1970/1980s | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acceptable | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applicable | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controlled | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.forecasts, | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hydrograph | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.influences | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.management | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.properties | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Correlation | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Differences | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.categorized | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.constrained | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differences | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.groundwater | 5, 16, 38, 54, 86, 91, 172, 198, 211, 228, 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hydrograph, | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hydrographs | 56, 112, 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.long‐term | 25, 85, 133, 145, 223, 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.management. | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.monitoring. | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variability | 3, 36, 140, 147, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.5–0.99). | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calibrations | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implications | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multidecadal | 49, 146, 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observations | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.projections. | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.short‐term | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.standardized | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Understanding | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.abstraction). | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anthropogenic | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contextualize | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observations. | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reconstructed | 90, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sub‐Saharan | 14, 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intra‐annual | 139, 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Reconstructions | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.autocorrelation | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hydrogeological | 180 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5024009439 |
| countries_distinct_count | 4 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 10 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I139290333 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7900000214576721 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Clean water and sanitation |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.83109089 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |