In This Day and Age: An Empirical Gyrochronology Relation for Partially and Fully Convective Single Field Stars Article Swipe
Yuxi Lu
,
Ruth Angus
,
Daniel Foreman-Mackey
,
Soichiro Hattori
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9
Gyrochronology, the field of age dating stars using mainly their rotation periods and masses, is ideal for inferring the ages of individual main-sequence stars. However, due to the lack of physical understanding of the complex magnetic fields in stars, gyrochronology relies heavily on empirical calibrations that require consistent and reliable stellar age measurements across a wide range of periods and masses. In this paper, we obtain a sample of consistent ages using the gyro-kinematic age-dating method, a technique to calculate the kinematics ages of stars. Using a Gaussian process model conditioned on ages from this sample (∼1–14 Gyr) and known clusters (0.67–3.8 Gyr), we calibrate the first empirical gyrochronology relation that is capable of inferring ages for single, main-sequence stars between 0.67 and 14 Gyr. Cross-validating and testing results suggest our model can infer cluster and asteroseismic ages with an average uncertainty of just over 1 Gyr, and the inferred ages for wide binaries agree within 0.83 Gyr. With this model, we obtain gyrochronology ages for ∼100,000 stars within 1.5 kpc of the Sun with period measurements from Kepler and Zwicky Transient Facility and 384 unique planet host stars. A simple code is provided to infer gyrochronology ages of stars with temperature and period measurements.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9
- https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9/pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 20
- References
- 104
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4392864073
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4392864073Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
In This Day and Age: An Empirical Gyrochronology Relation for Partially and Fully Convective Single Field StarsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-03-15Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Yuxi Lu, Ruth Angus, Daniel Foreman-Mackey, Soichiro HattoriList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9/pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9/pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Physics, Stars, Convection, Astrophysics, Astronomy, Field (mathematics), Convective flow, Mechanics, Pure mathematics, MathematicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
20Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 15, 2024: 4, 2023: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
104Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4392864073 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4392864073 |
| fwci | 11.40220863 |
| type | article |
| title | In This Day and Age: An Empirical Gyrochronology Relation for Partially and Fully Convective Single Field Stars |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G4777559697 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320306076 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | 2108251 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | National Science Foundation |
| awards[1].id | https://openalex.org/G8653543252 |
| awards[1].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320306101 |
| awards[1].display_name | |
| awards[1].funder_award_id | 80NSSC21K0636 |
| awards[1].funder_display_name | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| biblio.issue | 4 |
| biblio.volume | 167 |
| biblio.last_page | 159 |
| biblio.first_page | 159 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10039 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3103 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Astronomy and Astrophysics |
| topics[0].display_name | Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10477 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| topics[1].score | 0.9984999895095825 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3103 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Astronomy and Astrophysics |
| topics[1].display_name | Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10251 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| topics[2].score | 0.9975000023841858 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3103 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Astronomy and Astrophysics |
| topics[2].display_name | Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320306076 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/021nxhr62 |
| funders[0].display_name | National Science Foundation |
| funders[1].id | https://openalex.org/F4320306101 |
| funders[1].ror | https://ror.org/027ka1x80 |
| funders[1].display_name | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 4499 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 4499 |
| apc_paid.value | 4499 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 4499 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[0].level | 0 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9364020824432373 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C150846664 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7916390895843506 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Stars |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C10899652 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6171539425849915 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160329 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Convection |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C44870925 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6084313988685608 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Astrophysics |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C1276947 |
| concepts[4].level | 1 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.48898017406463623 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Astronomy |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C9652623 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.47279092669487 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Field (mathematics) |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C2992168372 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.43679821491241455 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160329 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Convective flow |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C57879066 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.17390000820159912 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Mechanics |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C202444582 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Pure mathematics |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[9].level | 0 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Mathematics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physics |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9364020824432373 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Physics |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/stars |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7916390895843506 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Stars |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/convection |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6171539425849915 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Convection |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6084313988685608 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Astrophysics |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy |
| keywords[4].score | 0.48898017406463623 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Astronomy |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/field |
| keywords[5].score | 0.47279092669487 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Field (mathematics) |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/convective-flow |
| keywords[6].score | 0.43679821491241455 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Convective flow |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics |
| keywords[7].score | 0.17390000820159912 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Mechanics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S100695177 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0004-6256, 1538-3881 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0004-6256 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | The Astronomical Journal |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310311669 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Institute of Physics |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310311669 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Institute of Physics |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9/pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | The Astronomical Journal |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:88f83e226f0d4896984c11e21574a6da |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | The Astronomical Journal, Vol 167, Iss 4, p 159 (2024) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/88f83e226f0d4896984c11e21574a6da |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5107219173 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4769-3273 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Yuxi Lu |
| authorships[0].countries | US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1338124936 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, Manhattan, NY, USA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I1338124936 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03thb3e06 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | archive |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1338124936 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | American Museum of Natural History |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Yuxi(Lucy) Lu |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, Manhattan, NY, USA |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5063003507 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-5661 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Ruth Angus |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1338124936 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, Manhattan, NY, USA |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210153546, https://openalex.org/I4387153999 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, Manhattan, NY, USA |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4387153999 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00sekdz59 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210107338, https://openalex.org/I4387153999 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Flatiron Institute |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1338124936 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03thb3e06 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].type | archive |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1338124936 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name | American Museum of Natural History |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I4210153546 |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/0508h6p74 |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].type | company |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210153546 |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].display_name | Flatiron Health (United States) |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Ruth Angus |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, Manhattan, NY, USA, Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, Manhattan, NY, USA |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5043101946 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-5652 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Daniel Foreman-Mackey |
| authorships[2].countries | US |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210153546, https://openalex.org/I4387153999 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, Manhattan, NY, USA |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4387153999 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00sekdz59 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210107338, https://openalex.org/I4387153999 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Flatiron Institute |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210153546 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0508h6p74 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].type | company |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210153546 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].display_name | Flatiron Health (United States) |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Daniel Foreman-Mackey |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, Manhattan, NY, USA |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5000889739 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-863X |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Soichiro Hattori |
| authorships[3].countries | US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I78577930 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY, USA |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I78577930 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00hj8s172 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I78577930 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Columbia University |
| authorships[3].author_position | last |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Soichiro Hattori |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY, USA |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9/pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | In This Day and Age: An Empirical Gyrochronology Relation for Partially and Fully Convective Single Field Stars |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10039 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Physics and Astronomy |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3103 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Astronomy and Astrophysics |
| primary_topic.display_name | Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2748952813, https://openalex.org/W2003635285, https://openalex.org/W1973822463, https://openalex.org/W2003795697, https://openalex.org/W3004960504, https://openalex.org/W1602996882, https://openalex.org/W2037021254, https://openalex.org/W2025935672, https://openalex.org/W1990489153, https://openalex.org/W2000402455 |
| cited_by_count | 20 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 15 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S100695177 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 0004-6256, 1538-3881 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 0004-6256 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | The Astronomical Journal |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310311669 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Institute of Physics |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310311669 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Institute of Physics |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9/pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | The Astronomical Journal |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S100695177 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0004-6256, 1538-3881 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0004-6256 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | The Astronomical Journal |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310311669 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Institute of Physics |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310311669 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Institute of Physics |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9/pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | The Astronomical Journal |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad28b9 |
| publication_date | 2024-03-15 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2795624267, https://openalex.org/W4380446233, https://openalex.org/W3004131922, https://openalex.org/W2945043571, https://openalex.org/W2690357482, https://openalex.org/W4283704593, https://openalex.org/W4293212596, https://openalex.org/W2135625048, https://openalex.org/W2890774836, https://openalex.org/W1978334384, https://openalex.org/W2905450617, https://openalex.org/W2153119923, https://openalex.org/W2070508637, https://openalex.org/W4364375120, https://openalex.org/W6602758235, https://openalex.org/W4297183385, https://openalex.org/W2989371227, https://openalex.org/W4391565937, https://openalex.org/W2155488926, https://openalex.org/W2945916434, https://openalex.org/W3092477418, https://openalex.org/W4284706392, https://openalex.org/W2945391967, https://openalex.org/W4306787226, https://openalex.org/W2884402560, https://openalex.org/W3103242013, https://openalex.org/W2413988422, https://openalex.org/W6894208726, https://openalex.org/W2767848202, https://openalex.org/W4213259675, https://openalex.org/W4319079332, https://openalex.org/W4291432632, https://openalex.org/W2796140279, https://openalex.org/W3082723280, https://openalex.org/W3146531840, https://openalex.org/W2811393471, https://openalex.org/W2784067869, https://openalex.org/W4380193789, https://openalex.org/W3152811030, https://openalex.org/W3035965352, https://openalex.org/W4295049064, https://openalex.org/W2040496510, https://openalex.org/W2011301426, https://openalex.org/W6908584736, https://openalex.org/W6945845990, https://openalex.org/W1990599298, https://openalex.org/W2809051758, https://openalex.org/W2769200793, https://openalex.org/W2070240923, https://openalex.org/W3101093686, https://openalex.org/W4388625938, https://openalex.org/W3137059541, https://openalex.org/W4309307138, https://openalex.org/W2810125045, https://openalex.org/W2342249984, https://openalex.org/W2043250362, https://openalex.org/W2104154288, https://openalex.org/W2030556188, https://openalex.org/W4283206438, https://openalex.org/W6927201886, https://openalex.org/W2565396336, https://openalex.org/W2123564746, https://openalex.org/W4225273177, https://openalex.org/W4294796676, https://openalex.org/W2918550948, https://openalex.org/W2124088880, https://openalex.org/W2888532099, https://openalex.org/W2761986865, https://openalex.org/W3026259857, https://openalex.org/W3181265729, https://openalex.org/W2967662625, https://openalex.org/W4386755357, https://openalex.org/W4391825175, https://openalex.org/W2166459269, https://openalex.org/W2558422827, https://openalex.org/W4380873411, https://openalex.org/W2085677506, https://openalex.org/W2965329347, https://openalex.org/W4315782335, https://openalex.org/W2227350766, https://openalex.org/W2060316796, https://openalex.org/W1984162005, https://openalex.org/W1515149315, https://openalex.org/W2775275747, https://openalex.org/W3103186279, https://openalex.org/W3154732714, https://openalex.org/W3123550779, https://openalex.org/W3098471461, https://openalex.org/W2999961293, https://openalex.org/W3116107858, https://openalex.org/W3104075812, https://openalex.org/W3102197895, https://openalex.org/W3105621264, https://openalex.org/W3109001578, https://openalex.org/W3102230680, https://openalex.org/W3099398113, https://openalex.org/W3099878876, https://openalex.org/W3164122475, https://openalex.org/W3128533956, https://openalex.org/W3106041698, https://openalex.org/W3106040066, https://openalex.org/W2974324013, https://openalex.org/W3099234923, https://openalex.org/W3102359466 |
| referenced_works_count | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1 | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 55, 67, 77, 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.14 | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 15, 112, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 4, 21, 30, 33, 58, 69, 84, 114, 143, 172, 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 43, 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 27, 79, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 65, 104, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.5 | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.384 | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Sun | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age | 5, 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 13, 49, 60, 99, 123, 127, 136, 148, 180, 184, 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.due | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 17, 117, 152, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.kpc | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 2, 19, 28, 34, 73, 81, 106, 149, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.67 | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.83 | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Gyr) | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Gyr, | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Gyr. | 125, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.With | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ages | 20, 71, 83, 93, 116, 138, 151, 165, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.code | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 94, 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.host | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.just | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lack | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.over | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 46, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 63, 95, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wide | 56, 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 139, 175, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Gyr), | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Using | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agree | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.field | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.first | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ideal | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infer | 134, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.known | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 90, 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.range | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stars | 7, 120, 168, 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 8, 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Kepler | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Zwicky | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.across | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dating | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fields | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mainly | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model, | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.obtain | 66, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.paper, | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.period | 176, 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.planet | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relies | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sample | 68, 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simple | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stars, | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stars. | 24, 85, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unique | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.within | 156, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.average | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capable | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cluster | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.heavily | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.masses, | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.masses. | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method, | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.periods | 12, 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.process | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.require | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.single, | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stellar | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suggest | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.testing | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Facility | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Gaussian | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.binaries | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clusters | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inferred | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.magnetic | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.physical | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provided | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relation | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reliable | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rotation | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Transient | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calculate | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calibrate | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.empirical | 44, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inferring | 18, 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technique | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(∼1–14 | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age-dating | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consistent | 48, 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individual | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.kinematics | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.∼100,000 | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(0.67–3.8 | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditioned | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.temperature | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uncertainty | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calibrations | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurements | 53, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.asteroseismic | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.main-sequence | 23, 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurements. | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gyro-kinematic | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gyrochronology | 40, 109, 164, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Gyrochronology, | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Cross-validating | 126 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 100 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5107219173 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 4 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1338124936 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.97901576 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |