Inhaled antibiotics and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: Trying to solve the puzzle Article Swipe
Bronchiectasis is a chronic airway disease with recurrent exacerbations and hospitalisations. No inhaled antibiotic has shown consistently beneficial effects in trials. This review analyses the evidence on inhaled antibiotics in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB), identifies patient traits for their use, and highlights research gaps. A PubMed search for “Inhaled antibiotics AND bronchiectasis” identified five inhaled antibiotics studied in randomised controlled trials (RCTs): aztreonam, tobramycin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, and colistin. Inhaled antibiotics reduced exacerbation frequency, sputum bacterial density, and increased bacterial eradication but did not improve lung function. They also increased antimicrobial resistance, with aztreonam and aminoglycosides having higher discontinuation rates due to side effects. Increased sputum bacterial density (>10 7 colony forming units/g), increased exacerbation frequency (≥4) at baseline, and increased sputum volume and/or purulence at baseline are some of identifiable traits associated with benefit from inhaled antibiotics. Inhaled antibiotics may aid in eradicating Pseudomonas aeruginosa after first isolation in NCFB, but their role in acute exacerbations requires further research. There are no direct RCTs comparing different delivery systems, antibiotics, and regimens.
Related Topics
Concepts
Medicine
Bronchiectasis
Tobramycin
Aztreonam
Antibiotics
Cystic fibrosis
Sputum
Colistin
Exacerbation
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Ciprofloxacin
Aminoglycoside
Internal medicine
Antibiotic resistance
Discontinuation
Intensive care medicine
Microbiology
Lung
Gentamicin
Imipenem
Tuberculosis
Pathology
Bacteria
Biology
Genetics
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_608_24
- OA Status
- diamond
- References
- 47
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4413919349
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4413919349Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_608_24Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Inhaled antibiotics and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: Trying to solve the puzzleWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-09-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
N RaviList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_608_24Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
diamondOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://doi.org/10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_608_24Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Medicine, Bronchiectasis, Tobramycin, Aztreonam, Antibiotics, Cystic fibrosis, Sputum, Colistin, Exacerbation, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ciprofloxacin, Aminoglycoside, Internal medicine, Antibiotic resistance, Discontinuation, Intensive care medicine, Microbiology, Lung, Gentamicin, Imipenem, Tuberculosis, Pathology, Bacteria, Biology, GeneticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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47Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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