Integrating a computable general equilibrium model with the four-step framework Article Swipe
Siroos Shahriari
,
Edward Robson
,
Jason Wang
,
Vinayak Dixit
,
S. Travis Waller
,
Taha Hossein Rashidi
·
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x
In the transport policy development process, four-step models are commonly used to estimate transport costs and flows based on representations of travel demands and networks. However, these models typically do not account for broader changes in the economy, which may significantly shift travel patterns in the case of larger transport projects. LUTI models are often applied to simulate changes in land-use patterns, and regional production function models have been used to estimate changes in production, but these methods rely on fixed economic parameters that may not capture the structural economic changes induced by large transport projects. In a separate line of development, computable general equilibrium (CGE) models, which simulate entire economies, have been increasingly applied to estimate the magnitude and distribution of economic impacts from transport improvements both spatially and through markets, including GDP and welfare. Some CGE models are linked with transport network models, but none incorporate detailed networks or generate a complete set of travel demands. This paper presents an integrated CGE and transport model that generates household and freight trips and simulates a detailed road network for different time periods, such that the transport submodel can be calibrated and run as a conventional transport model. The model provides a tool for the rapid strategic assessment of transport projects and policies when economic responses cannot be assumed to remain static. In the model, the CGE submodel simulates the behaviour of households and firms interacting in markets, where their behaviour takes trip costs into account. The model then generates trips as a derived demand from agent activities and assigns them to the road network according to user equilibrium, before feeding back trip costs to the CGE submodel. The model is then tested by simulating the WestConnex motorway project under construction in Sydney, with results showing significant increases in welfare for regions close to the improvements. Further development of the model is required to incorporate land-use and mode choice.
Related Topics
Concepts
Computable general equilibrium
Transport network
TRIPS architecture
Economics
Process (computing)
Trip distribution
General equilibrium theory
Production (economics)
Set (abstract data type)
Econometrics
Economic impact analysis
Computer science
Transport engineering
Microeconomics
Engineering
Operating system
Programming language
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x
- https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x.pdf
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 16
- References
- 41
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4283689694
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4283689694Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-xDigital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Integrating a computable general equilibrium model with the four-step frameworkWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2022Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2022-06-29Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Siroos Shahriari, Edward Robson, Jason Wang, Vinayak Dixit, S. Travis Waller, Taha Hossein RashidiList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-xPublisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Computable general equilibrium, Transport network, TRIPS architecture, Economics, Process (computing), Trip distribution, General equilibrium theory, Production (economics), Set (abstract data type), Econometrics, Economic impact analysis, Computer science, Transport engineering, Microeconomics, Engineering, Operating system, Programming languageTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
16Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 8, 2024: 4, 2023: 3, 2022: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
41Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4283689694 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4283689694 |
| fwci | 3.98112845 |
| type | article |
| title | Integrating a computable general equilibrium model with the four-step framework |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G2160560550 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320334704 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | LP160100450 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | Australian Research Council |
| biblio.issue | 4 |
| biblio.volume | 50 |
| biblio.last_page | 1260 |
| biblio.first_page | 1213 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10698 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3313 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Transportation |
| topics[0].display_name | Transportation Planning and Optimization |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10298 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].score | 0.9983999729156494 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3313 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Transportation |
| topics[1].display_name | Urban Transport and Accessibility |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11942 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9947999715805054 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2203 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Automotive Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Transportation and Mobility Innovations |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320320965 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/03r8z3t63 |
| funders[0].display_name | University of New South Wales |
| funders[1].id | https://openalex.org/F4320334704 |
| funders[1].ror | https://ror.org/05mmh0f86 |
| funders[1].display_name | Australian Research Council |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2190 |
| apc_list.currency | EUR |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2790 |
| apc_paid.value | 2190 |
| apc_paid.currency | EUR |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2790 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C20522121 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9721165895462036 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3589458 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Computable general equilibrium |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C2778711553 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6698458790779114 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924286 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Transport network |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C157085824 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5934728384017944 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2384809 |
| concepts[2].display_name | TRIPS architecture |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C162324750 |
| concepts[3].level | 0 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5421754717826843 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Economics |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C98045186 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5382553935050964 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Process (computing) |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C2779214396 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5096008777618408 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8560502 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Trip distribution |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C103382277 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4923299551010132 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282640 |
| concepts[6].display_name | General equilibrium theory |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C2778348673 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4771425426006317 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Production (economics) |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C177264268 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4550803601741791 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Set (abstract data type) |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C149782125 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.4363105297088623 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Econometrics |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C188897 |
| concepts[10].level | 2 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.42966821789741516 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333508 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Economic impact analysis |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.3928489685058594 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C22212356 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.33723342418670654 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Transport engineering |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C175444787 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.26275908946990967 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Microeconomics |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[14].level | 0 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.12684577703475952 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C111919701 |
| concepts[15].level | 1 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Operating system |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C199360897 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Programming language |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computable-general-equilibrium |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9721165895462036 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Computable general equilibrium |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-network |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6698458790779114 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Transport network |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/trips-architecture |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5934728384017944 |
| keywords[2].display_name | TRIPS architecture |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/economics |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5421754717826843 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Economics |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/process |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5382553935050964 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Process (computing) |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/trip-distribution |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5096008777618408 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Trip distribution |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/general-equilibrium-theory |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4923299551010132 |
| keywords[6].display_name | General equilibrium theory |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/production |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4771425426006317 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Production (economics) |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/set |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4550803601741791 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Set (abstract data type) |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics |
| keywords[9].score | 0.4363105297088623 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Econometrics |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-impact-analysis |
| keywords[10].score | 0.42966821789741516 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Economic impact analysis |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[11].score | 0.3928489685058594 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering |
| keywords[12].score | 0.33723342418670654 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Transport engineering |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics |
| keywords[13].score | 0.26275908946990967 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Microeconomics |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[14].score | 0.12684577703475952 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Engineering |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S62009534 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0049-4488, 1572-9435 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0049-4488 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Transportation |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| locations[0].license | other-oa |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Transportation |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:RePEc:kap:transp:v:50:y:2023:i:4:d:10.1007_s11116-022-10276-x |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401271 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | RePEc: Research Papers in Economics |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I77793887 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I77793887 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5001639657 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3415-8167 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Siroos Shahriari |
| authorships[0].countries | AU |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03r8z3t63 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | UNSW Sydney |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Siroos Shahriari |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5045214416 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-4504 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Edward Robson |
| authorships[1].countries | AU |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03r8z3t63 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | UNSW Sydney |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Edward N. Robson |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5100700436 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7230-9726 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Jason Wang |
| authorships[2].countries | AU |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03r8z3t63 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | UNSW Sydney |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Jason Wang |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5023115482 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7643-409X |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Vinayak Dixit |
| authorships[3].countries | AU |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03r8z3t63 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | UNSW Sydney |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Vinayak V. Dixit |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5012107020 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2939-2090 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | S. Travis Waller |
| authorships[4].countries | AU |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03r8z3t63 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | UNSW Sydney |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | S. Travis Waller |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5084992100 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0673-5011 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Taha Hossein Rashidi |
| authorships[5].countries | AU |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03r8z3t63 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I31746571 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | UNSW Sydney |
| authorships[5].author_position | last |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Taha H. Rashidi |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation (rCITI), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Integrating a computable general equilibrium model with the four-step framework |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10698 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3313 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Transportation |
| primary_topic.display_name | Transportation Planning and Optimization |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2793550792, https://openalex.org/W2381460334, https://openalex.org/W2134783907, https://openalex.org/W2045899209, https://openalex.org/W2244237553, https://openalex.org/W2016430005, https://openalex.org/W3121992188, https://openalex.org/W2080241693, https://openalex.org/W3123315228, https://openalex.org/W4283689694 |
| cited_by_count | 16 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 8 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S62009534 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 0049-4488, 1572-9435 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 0049-4488 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Transportation |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.license | other-oa |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Transportation |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S62009534 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0049-4488, 1572-9435 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0049-4488 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Transportation |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| primary_location.license | other-oa |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Transportation |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-022-10276-x |
| publication_date | 2022-06-29 |
| publication_year | 2022 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W1496202493, https://openalex.org/W2061479870, https://openalex.org/W2046233808, https://openalex.org/W2065202126, https://openalex.org/W1510170991, https://openalex.org/W4234277722, https://openalex.org/W1538070730, https://openalex.org/W3115509692, https://openalex.org/W2620186855, https://openalex.org/W2169528473, https://openalex.org/W1934323492, https://openalex.org/W2136885855, https://openalex.org/W4243592922, https://openalex.org/W193020698, https://openalex.org/W6605468057, https://openalex.org/W2092476307, https://openalex.org/W1975544611, https://openalex.org/W2521490107, https://openalex.org/W2164537085, https://openalex.org/W2807962339, https://openalex.org/W2725013853, https://openalex.org/W2757398870, https://openalex.org/W2337901572, https://openalex.org/W2316893086, https://openalex.org/W2790455659, https://openalex.org/W2111014342, https://openalex.org/W2886010969, https://openalex.org/W2023898603, https://openalex.org/W2522675131, https://openalex.org/W2177295793, https://openalex.org/W625102907, https://openalex.org/W2739550388, https://openalex.org/W3143243128, https://openalex.org/W2082848291, https://openalex.org/W2797405884, https://openalex.org/W2480608414, https://openalex.org/W2786741601, https://openalex.org/W4299433567, https://openalex.org/W2725385476, https://openalex.org/W1999560964, https://openalex.org/W2234362967 |
| referenced_works_count | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 98, 153, 176, 195, 202, 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 1, 97, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 194, 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 190, 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 93, 284 |
| abstract_inverted_index.do | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 36, 45, 60, 74, 237, 292, 299 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 281, 312 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 21, 48, 101, 122, 156, 209, 232, 309 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 19, 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 12, 57, 71, 116, 220, 262, 267, 275, 304, 314 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CGE | 138, 164, 227, 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.GDP | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 199, 247, 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 16, 24, 63, 120, 130, 135, 165, 171, 174, 192, 212, 234, 259, 317 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 9, 54, 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 76, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 33, 180, 204, 301 |
| abstract_inverted_index.may | 40, 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 31, 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.run | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.set | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 2, 37, 46, 88, 118, 186, 205, 224, 226, 230, 263, 276, 286, 305, 310 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LUTI | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Some | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.back | 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.been | 69, 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.case | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 125, 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 68, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.line | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mode | 318 |
| abstract_inverted_index.none | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rely | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.road | 178, 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 84, 168, 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.them | 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.then | 249, 282 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tool | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trip | 243, 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 11, 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.user | 268 |
| abstract_inverted_index.when | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 142, 294 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(CGE) | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agent | 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.based | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.close | 303 |
| abstract_inverted_index.costs | 15, 244, 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.firms | 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fixed | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.flows | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.large | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 167, 200, 248, 280, 311 |
| abstract_inverted_index.often | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.paper | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rapid | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shift | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.takes | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 27, 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trips | 173, 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.under | 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.where | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 39, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.before | 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cannot | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demand | 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.entire | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.larger | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.linked | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model, | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model. | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 8, 28, 53, 67, 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.policy | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remain | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tested | 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.travel | 22, 43, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Further | 307 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Sydney, | 293 |
| abstract_inverted_index.account | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applied | 56, 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assigns | 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assumed | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.broader | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capture | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.changes | 35, 59, 73, 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.choice. | 319 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demands | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.derived | 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.feeding | 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.freight | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.general | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impacts | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.induced | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models, | 107, 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.network | 144, 179, 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.project | 289 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regions | 302 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 295 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showing | 296 |
| abstract_inverted_index.static. | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.welfare | 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.account. | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.commonly | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complete | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demands. | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.detailed | 149, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.economic | 82, 90, 123, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.economy, | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimate | 13, 72, 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.function | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generate | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.land-use | 61, 316 |
| abstract_inverted_index.markets, | 132, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.motorway | 288 |
| abstract_inverted_index.networks | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patterns | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.periods, | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.policies | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.presents | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.process, | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.projects | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provides | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regional | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.required | 313 |
| abstract_inverted_index.separate | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulate | 58, 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.submodel | 188, 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.welfare. | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.according | 266 |
| abstract_inverted_index.behaviour | 231, 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.four-step | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generates | 169, 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.household | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increases | 298 |
| abstract_inverted_index.magnitude | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.networks. | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patterns, | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.projects. | 51, 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulates | 175, 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spatially | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strategic | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.submodel. | 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transport | 3, 14, 50, 95, 126, 143, 166, 187, 197, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.typically | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.WestConnex | 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activities | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessment | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.calibrated | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.computable | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.economies, | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.households | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.integrated | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parameters | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.production | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulating | 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structural | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development | 5, 308 |
| abstract_inverted_index.equilibrium | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.incorporate | 148, 315 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interacting | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.production, | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 297 |
| abstract_inverted_index.construction | 291 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conventional | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development, | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distribution | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.equilibrium, | 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improvements | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increasingly | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improvements. | 306 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.representations | 20 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 6 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.4300000071525574 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Decent work and economic growth |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.92037621 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |