Interlaboratory Validation of Toxicity Testing Using the Duckweed Lemna minor Root-Regrowth Test Article Swipe
Jihae Park
,
Eun-Jin Yoo
,
Kisik Shin
,
Stephen Depuydt
,
Wei Li
,
Klaus‐J. Appenroth
,
Adam Lillicrap
,
Li Xie
,
Hojun Lee
,
Geehyoung Kim
,
Jonas De Saeger
,
Soyeon Choi
,
Geonhee Kim
,
Murray T. Brown
,
Taejun Han
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11010037
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11010037
The common duckweed (Lemna minor), a freshwater monocot that floats on the surfaces of slow-moving streams and ponds, is commonly used in toxicity testing. The novel Lemna root- regrowth test is a toxicity test performed in replicate test vessels (24-well plates), each containing 3 mL test solution and a 2–3 frond colony. Prior to exposure, roots are excised from the plant, and newly developed roots are measured after 3 days of regrowth. Compared to the three internationally standardized methods, this bioassay is faster (72 h), simpler, more convenient (requiring only a 3-mL) and cheaper. The sensitivity of root regrowth to 3,5-dichlorophenol was statistically the same as using the conventional ISO test method. The results of interlaboratory comparison tests conducted by 10 international institutes showed 21.3% repeatability and 27.2% reproducibility for CuSO4 and 21.28% repeatability and 18.6% reproducibility for wastewater. These validity criteria are well within the generally accepted levels of <30% to 40%, confirming that this test method is acceptable as a standardized biological test and can be used as a regulatory tool. The Lemna root regrowth test complements the lengthier conventional protocols and is suitable for rapid screening of wastewater and priority substances spikes in natural waters.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11010037
- https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/1/37/pdf?version=1642579650
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 22
- References
- 16
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4200124223
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Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4200124223Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11010037Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Interlaboratory Validation of Toxicity Testing Using the Duckweed Lemna minor Root-Regrowth TestWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-12-27Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Jihae Park, Eun-Jin Yoo, Kisik Shin, Stephen Depuydt, Wei Li, Klaus‐J. Appenroth, Adam Lillicrap, Li Xie, Hojun Lee, Geehyoung Kim, Jonas De Saeger, Soyeon Choi, Geonhee Kim, Murray T. Brown, Taejun HanList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11010037Publisher landing page
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https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/1/37/pdf?version=1642579650Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/1/37/pdf?version=1642579650Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Lemna minor, Repeatability, Biology, Bioassay, Lemna, Replicate, Toxicity, Frond, Reproducibility, Botany, Toxicology, Chromatography, Aquatic plant, Ecology, Mathematics, Statistics, Chemistry, Organic chemistry, MacrophyteTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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22Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2025: 5, 2024: 6, 2023: 10, 2022: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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16Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.h), | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 11, 59, 74, 103, 107, 145, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.40%, | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.days | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.each | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.more | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.only | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.root | 97, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.same | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.test | 29, 33, 37, 45, 110, 156, 164, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 8, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 79, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 20, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18.6% | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.21.3% | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.27.2% | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2–3 | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3-mL) | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CuSO4 | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Lemna | 26, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Prior | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.These | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.after | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frond | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.newly | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.novel | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rapid | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.root- | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.roots | 55, 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tests | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.three | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tool. | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Lemna | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.21.28% | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.common | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.faster | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.floats | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plant, | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ponds, | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spikes | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.within | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<30% | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.colony. | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.excised | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method. | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.minor), | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.monocot | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.natural | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.streams | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vessels | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.waters. | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(24-well | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Compared | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accepted | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bioassay | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cheaper. | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.commonly | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.criteria | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.duckweed | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measured | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods, | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plates), | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.priority | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regrowth | 28, 98, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simpler, | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.solution | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suitable | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surfaces | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.testing. | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.toxicity | 22, 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validity | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developed | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exposure, | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generally | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lengthier | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performed | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protocols | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regrowth. | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.replicate | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.screening | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(requiring | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acceptable | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biological | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comparison | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confirming | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.containing | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.convenient | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.freshwater | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.institutes | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulatory | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.substances | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wastewater | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complements | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sensitivity | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.slow-moving | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wastewater. | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conventional | 108, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.standardized | 77, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.international | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.repeatability | 125, 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.statistically | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interlaboratory | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.internationally | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reproducibility | 128, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3,5-dichlorophenol | 100 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5004496126 |
| countries_distinct_count | 6 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 15 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I146429904, https://openalex.org/I32597200, https://openalex.org/I4210132857 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8600000143051147 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Clean water and sanitation |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.87119394 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |