Intramuscular vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 transiently induces neutralizing IgG rather than IgA in the saliva Article Swipe
Stephan Winklmeier
,
Heike Rübsamen
,
Ceren Özdemir
,
Paul R. Wratil
,
Gaia Lupoli
,
Marcel Stern
,
Céline Schneider
,
Katharina Eisenhut
,
Samantha Ho
,
Hoi Kiu Wong
,
Damla Taskin
,
Marvin Petry
,
Michael Weigand
,
Peter Eichhorn
,
Bärbel U. Foesel
,
Simone Mader
,
Oliver T. Keppler
,
Tania Kümpfel
,
Edgar Meinl
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330864
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330864
The mucosal immunity is crucial for restricting SARS-CoV-2 at its entry site. Intramuscularly applied vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 stimulate high levels of neutralizing Abs in serum, but the impact of these intramuscular vaccinations on features of mucosal immunity is less clear. Here, we analyzed kinetic and functional properties of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Abs in the saliva after vaccination with BNT162b2. We analyzed a total of 24 healthy donors longitudinally for up to 16 months. We found that specific IgG appeared in the saliva after the second vaccination, declined thereafter and reappeared after the third vaccination. Adjusting serum and saliva for the same IgG concentration revealed a strong correlation between the reactivity in these two compartments. Reactivity to VoCs correlated strongly as seen by ELISAs against RBD variants and by live-virus neutralizing assays against replication-competent viruses. For further functional analysis, we purified IgG and IgA from serum and saliva. In vaccinated donors we found neutralizing activity towards authentic virus in the IgG, but not in the IgA fraction of the saliva. In contrast, IgA with neutralizing activity appeared in the saliva only after breakthrough infection. In serum, we found neutralizing activity in both the IgA and IgG fractions. Together, we show that intramuscular mRNA vaccination transiently induces a mucosal immunity that is mediated by IgG and thus differs from the mucosal immunity after infection. Waning of specific mucosal IgG might be linked to susceptibility for breakthrough infection.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330864
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330864/pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 5
- References
- 40
- Related Works
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- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4391537891
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4391537891Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330864Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Intramuscular vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 transiently induces neutralizing IgG rather than IgA in the salivaWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2024Year of publication
- Publication date
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2024-02-05Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Stephan Winklmeier, Heike Rübsamen, Ceren Özdemir, Paul R. Wratil, Gaia Lupoli, Marcel Stern, Céline Schneider, Katharina Eisenhut, Samantha Ho, Hoi Kiu Wong, Damla Taskin, Marvin Petry, Michael Weigand, Peter Eichhorn, Bärbel U. Foesel, Simone Mader, Oliver T. Keppler, Tania Kümpfel, Edgar MeinlList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330864Publisher landing page
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https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330864/pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330864/pdfDirect OA link when available
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Saliva, Vaccination, Immunity, Immunology, Antibody, Virology, Immunoglobulin A, Neutralizing antibody, Immunoglobulin G, Virus, Immune system, Medicine, Internal medicineTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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5Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 3, 2024: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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40Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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