Intratumor Heterogeneity of MIF Expression Correlates With Extramedullary Involvement of Multiple Myeloma Article Swipe
Juan Xu
,
Nanhui Yu
,
Pan Zhao
,
Fangfang Wang
,
Jingcao Huang
,
Yushan Cui
,
Hong Ding
,
Yan Yang
,
Yuhan Gao
,
Ling Pan
,
Hong Chang
,
Yu Wu
,
Bing Xiang
,
Yuping Gong
,
Shuai Xiao
,
Li Hou
,
Liping Xie
,
Ting Niu
,
Ting Liu
,
Li Zhang
,
Weiping Liu
,
Wenyan Zhang
,
Ying Qu
,
Wei Lin
,
Yimin Zhu
,
Sha Zhao
,
Yuhuan Zheng
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.694331
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.694331
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been shown to promote disease progression in many malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). We previously reported that MIF regulates MM bone marrow homing and knockdown of MIF favors the extramedullary myeloma formation in mice. Here, based on MIF immunostaining of myeloma cells in paired intramedullary and extramedullary biopsies from 17 patients, we found lower MIF intensity in extramedullary MM (EMM) versus intramedullary MM (IMM). Flow cytometry and histology analysis in xenograft models showed a portion of inoculated human MM cells lost their MIF expression (MIF Low ) in vivo . Of note, IMM had dominantly MIF High cells, while EMM showed a significantly increased ratio of MIF Low cells. Furthermore, we harvested the extramedullary human MM cells from a mouse and generated single-cell transcriptomic data. The developmental trajectories of MM cells from the MIF High to MIF Low state were indicated. The MIF High cells featured higher proliferation. The MIF Low ones were more quiescent and harbored abundant ribosomal protein genes. Our findings identified in vivo differential regulation of MIF expression in MM and suggested a potential pathogenic role of MIF in the extramedullary spread of disease.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.694331
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 21
- References
- 49
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3176326572
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W3176326572Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.694331Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Intratumor Heterogeneity of MIF Expression Correlates With Extramedullary Involvement of Multiple MyelomaWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-06-29Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Juan Xu, Nanhui Yu, Pan Zhao, Fangfang Wang, Jingcao Huang, Yushan Cui, Hong Ding, Yan Yang, Yuhan Gao, Ling Pan, Hong Chang, Yu Wu, Bing Xiang, Yuping Gong, Shuai Xiao, Li Hou, Liping Xie, Ting Niu, Ting Liu, Li Zhang, Weiping Liu, Wenyan Zhang, Ying Qu, Wei Lin, Yimin Zhu, Sha Zhao, Yuhuan ZhengList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.694331Publisher landing page
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.694331Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, Flow cytometry, Bone marrow, In vivo, Gene knockdown, Multiple myeloma, Cancer research, Immunostaining, Pathology, Biology, Immunology, Medicine, Immunohistochemistry, Cytokine, Cell culture, Biotechnology, GeneticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
21Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 6, 2024: 11, 2023: 4Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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49Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.many | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.more | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ones | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.role | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vivo | 94, 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 145, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(EMM) | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(MIF) | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(MM). | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Here, | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.based | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells | 47, 85, 122, 136, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data. | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.human | 83, 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lower | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mice. | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mouse | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.note, | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ratio | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shown | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.state | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(IMM). | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells, | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells. | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factor | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.favors | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.genes. | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.higher | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.homing | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.marrow | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.paired | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 78, 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spread | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.versus | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.myeloma | 17, 36, 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.portion | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promote | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protein | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.abundant | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biopsies | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease. | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.featured | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.harbored | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multiple | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reported | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cytometry | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.formation | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generated | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.harvested | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.histology | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increased | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intensity | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.knockdown | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.migration | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patients, | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quiescent | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulates | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ribosomal | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suggested | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.xenograft | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Macrophage | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dominantly | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expression | 89, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicated. | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibitory | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inoculated | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pathogenic | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previously | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulation | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.progression | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.single-cell | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Furthermore, | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differential | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trajectories | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developmental | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.malignancies, | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extramedullary | 35, 52, 63, 119, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunostaining | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intramedullary | 50, 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proliferation. | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transcriptomic | 129 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5040279346, https://openalex.org/A5100714519, https://openalex.org/A5085561574 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 27 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I24185976, https://openalex.org/I4210089761, https://openalex.org/I4210147389 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.47999998927116394 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.898961 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |