Introduction to Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation—An Overview of the Process and Applications Article Swipe

PDF

Frank Simchen , Maximilian Sieber , Alexander Kopp , Thomas Lampke ·

YOU? · · 2020 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), also called micro-arc oxidation (MAO), is an innovative method in producing oxide-ceramic coatings on metals, such as aluminum, titanium, magnesium, zirconium, etc. The process is characterized by discharges, which develop in a strong electric field, in a system consisting of the substrate, the oxide layer, a gas envelope, and the electrolyte. The electric breakdown in this system establishes a plasma state, in which, under anodic polarization, the substrate material is locally converted to a compound consisting of the substrate material itself (including alloying elements) and oxygen in addition to the electrolyte components. The review presents the process kinetics according to the existing models of the discharge phenomena, as well as the influence of the process parameters on the process, and thus, on the resulting coating properties, e.g., morphology and composition.

Related Topics

Concepts

Plasma electrolytic oxidation Electrolyte Materials science Oxide Anode Coating Chemical engineering Plasma Polarization (electrochemistry) Titanium Magnesium Ceramic Zirconium Substrate (aquarium) Metallurgy Electrode Nanotechnology Chemistry Oceanography Physical chemistry Physics Engineering Geology Quantum mechanics

Metadata

Type: article
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628
PDF: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/10/7/628/pdf?version=1594707472
OA Status: gold
Cited By: 271
References: 70
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W3039631658

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W3039631658

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Introduction to Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation—An Overview of the Process and Applications

Work title
Type: article

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2020

Year of publication
Publication date: 2020-06-30

Full publication date if available
Authors: Frank Simchen, Maximilian Sieber, Alexander Kopp, Thomas Lampke

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/10/7/628/pdf?version=1594707472

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: gold

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/10/7/628/pdf?version=1594707472

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Plasma electrolytic oxidation, Electrolyte, Materials science, Oxide, Anode, Coating, Chemical engineering, Plasma, Polarization (electrochemistry), Titanium, Magnesium, Ceramic, Zirconium, Substrate (aquarium), Metallurgy, Electrode, Nanotechnology, Chemistry, Oceanography, Physical chemistry, Physics, Engineering, Geology, Quantum mechanics

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 271

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Citations by year (recent): 2025: 51, 2024: 62, 2023: 77, 2022: 38, 2021: 33

Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
References (count): 70

Number of works referenced by this work
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W3039631658
doi	https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628
ids.mag	3039631658
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W3039631658
fwci	13.98681831
type	article
title	Introduction to Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation—An Overview of the Process and Applications
biblio.issue	7
biblio.volume	10
biblio.last_page	628
biblio.first_page	628
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10530
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/25
topics[0].field.display_name	Materials Science
topics[0].score	0.9984999895095825
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2502
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Biomaterials
topics[0].display_name	Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T10310
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/25
topics[1].field.display_name	Materials Science
topics[1].score	0.9970999956130981
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2505
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Materials Chemistry
topics[1].display_name	Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T10626
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/22
topics[2].field.display_name	Engineering
topics[2].score	0.9926000237464905
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[2].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2202
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Aerospace Engineering
topics[2].display_name	High-Temperature Coating Behaviors
is_xpac	False
apc_list.value	2000
apc_list.currency	CHF
apc_list.value_usd	2165
apc_paid.value	2000
apc_paid.currency	CHF
apc_paid.value_usd	2165
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C2777578362
concepts[0].level	4
concepts[0].score	0.9191035032272339
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7201774
concepts[0].display_name	Plasma electrolytic oxidation
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C68801617
concepts[1].level	3
concepts[1].score	0.7624118328094482
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162908
concepts[1].display_name	Electrolyte
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C192562407
concepts[2].level	0
concepts[2].score	0.6964496374130249
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736
concepts[2].display_name	Materials science
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C2779851234
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.5837867259979248
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50690
concepts[3].display_name	Oxide
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C89395315
concepts[4].level	3
concepts[4].score	0.556194543838501
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181232
concepts[4].display_name	Anode
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C2781448156
concepts[5].level	2
concepts[5].score	0.5473695397377014
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570182
concepts[5].display_name	Coating
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C42360764
concepts[6].level	1
concepts[6].score	0.5248618125915527
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588
concepts[6].display_name	Chemical engineering
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C82706917
concepts[7].level	2
concepts[7].score	0.5114225745201111
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251
concepts[7].display_name	Plasma
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C205049153
concepts[8].level	2
concepts[8].score	0.47722628712654114
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605
concepts[8].display_name	Polarization (electrochemistry)
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C506065880
concepts[9].level	2
concepts[9].score	0.44886553287506104
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716
concepts[9].display_name	Titanium
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C543218039
concepts[10].level	2
concepts[10].score	0.4394475817680359
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660
concepts[10].display_name	Magnesium
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C134132462
concepts[11].level	2
concepts[11].score	0.4248943328857422
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45621
concepts[11].display_name	Ceramic
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C534791751
concepts[12].level	2
concepts[12].score	0.4234771132469177
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038
concepts[12].display_name	Zirconium
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C2777289219
concepts[13].level	2
concepts[13].score	0.42214077711105347
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632154
concepts[13].display_name	Substrate (aquarium)
concepts[14].id	https://openalex.org/C191897082
concepts[14].level	1
concepts[14].score	0.34247297048568726
concepts[14].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467
concepts[14].display_name	Metallurgy
concepts[15].id	https://openalex.org/C17525397
concepts[15].level	2
concepts[15].score	0.25032657384872437
concepts[15].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140
concepts[15].display_name	Electrode
concepts[16].id	https://openalex.org/C171250308
concepts[16].level	1
concepts[16].score	0.18334829807281494
concepts[16].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468
concepts[16].display_name	Nanotechnology
concepts[17].id	https://openalex.org/C185592680
concepts[17].level	0
concepts[17].score	0.17495238780975342
concepts[17].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329
concepts[17].display_name	Chemistry
concepts[18].id	https://openalex.org/C111368507
concepts[18].level	1
concepts[18].score	0.0
concepts[18].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518
concepts[18].display_name	Oceanography
concepts[19].id	https://openalex.org/C147789679
concepts[19].level	1
concepts[19].score	0.0
concepts[19].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372
concepts[19].display_name	Physical chemistry
concepts[20].id	https://openalex.org/C121332964
concepts[20].level	0
concepts[20].score	0.0
concepts[20].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413
concepts[20].display_name	Physics
concepts[21].id	https://openalex.org/C127413603
concepts[21].level	0
concepts[21].score	0.0
concepts[21].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023
concepts[21].display_name	Engineering
concepts[22].id	https://openalex.org/C127313418
concepts[22].level	0
concepts[22].score	0.0
concepts[22].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069
concepts[22].display_name	Geology
concepts[23].id	https://openalex.org/C62520636
concepts[23].level	1
concepts[23].score	0.0
concepts[23].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944
concepts[23].display_name	Quantum mechanics
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-electrolytic-oxidation
keywords[0].score	0.9191035032272339
keywords[0].display_name	Plasma electrolytic oxidation
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/electrolyte
keywords[1].score	0.7624118328094482
keywords[1].display_name	Electrolyte
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science
keywords[2].score	0.6964496374130249
keywords[2].display_name	Materials science
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/oxide
keywords[3].score	0.5837867259979248
keywords[3].display_name	Oxide
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/anode
keywords[4].score	0.556194543838501
keywords[4].display_name	Anode
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/coating
keywords[5].score	0.5473695397377014
keywords[5].display_name	Coating
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-engineering
keywords[6].score	0.5248618125915527
keywords[6].display_name	Chemical engineering
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma
keywords[7].score	0.5114225745201111
keywords[7].display_name	Plasma
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization
keywords[8].score	0.47722628712654114
keywords[8].display_name	Polarization (electrochemistry)
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/titanium
keywords[9].score	0.44886553287506104
keywords[9].display_name	Titanium
keywords[10].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/magnesium
keywords[10].score	0.4394475817680359
keywords[10].display_name	Magnesium
keywords[11].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/ceramic
keywords[11].score	0.4248943328857422
keywords[11].display_name	Ceramic
keywords[12].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/zirconium
keywords[12].score	0.4234771132469177
keywords[12].display_name	Zirconium
keywords[13].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/substrate
keywords[13].score	0.42214077711105347
keywords[13].display_name	Substrate (aquarium)
keywords[14].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/metallurgy
keywords[14].score	0.34247297048568726
keywords[14].display_name	Metallurgy
keywords[15].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode
keywords[15].score	0.25032657384872437
keywords[15].display_name	Electrode
keywords[16].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology
keywords[16].score	0.18334829807281494
keywords[16].display_name	Nanotechnology
keywords[17].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry
keywords[17].score	0.17495238780975342
keywords[17].display_name	Chemistry
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.3390/coatings10070628
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4210205742
locations[0].source.issn	2079-6412
locations[0].source.type	journal
locations[0].source.is_oa	True
locations[0].source.issn_l	2079-6412
locations[0].source.is_core	True
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	Coatings
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
locations[0].license	cc-by
locations[0].pdf_url	https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/10/7/628/pdf?version=1594707472
locations[0].version	publishedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	journal-article
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	True
locations[0].raw_source_name	Coatings
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628
locations[1].id	pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9abbfa54093740b39b4ab671d7ddcc65
locations[1].is_oa	False
locations[1].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306401280
locations[1].source.issn
locations[1].source.type	repository
locations[1].source.is_oa	False
locations[1].source.issn_l
locations[1].source.is_core	False
locations[1].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[1].source.display_name	DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
locations[1].source.host_organization
locations[1].source.host_organization_name
locations[1].license
locations[1].pdf_url
locations[1].version	submittedVersion
locations[1].raw_type	article
locations[1].license_id
locations[1].is_accepted	False
locations[1].is_published	False
locations[1].raw_source_name	Coatings, Vol 10, Iss 628, p 628 (2020)
locations[1].landing_page_url	https://doaj.org/article/9abbfa54093740b39b4ab671d7ddcc65
locations[2].id	pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2079-6412/10/7/628/
locations[2].is_oa	True
locations[2].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400947
locations[2].source.issn
locations[2].source.type	repository
locations[2].source.is_oa	True
locations[2].source.issn_l
locations[2].source.is_core	False
locations[2].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[2].source.display_name	MDPI (MDPI AG)
locations[2].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I4210097602
locations[2].source.host_organization_name	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)
locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210097602
locations[2].license	cc-by
locations[2].pdf_url
locations[2].version	submittedVersion
locations[2].raw_type	Text
locations[2].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[2].is_accepted	False
locations[2].is_published	False
locations[2].raw_source_name	Coatings
locations[2].landing_page_url	http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628
indexed_in	crossref, doaj
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5087608465
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3388-547X
authorships[0].author.display_name	Frank Simchen
authorships[0].countries	DE
authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2610724
authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Materials and Surface Engineering Group, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
authorships[0].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I2610724
authorships[0].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00a208s56
authorships[0].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2610724
authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code	DE
authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name	Chemnitz University of Technology
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Frank Simchen
authorships[0].is_corresponding	True
authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings	Materials and Surface Engineering Group, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5059379402
authorships[1].author.orcid
authorships[1].author.display_name	Maximilian Sieber
authorships[1].countries	DE
authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210165319
authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Department of Corrosion Protection and Testing, EXCOR Korrosionsforschung GmbH, Magdeburger Strae 58, 01067 Dresden, Germany
authorships[1].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210165319
authorships[1].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05v0k1d18
authorships[1].institutions[0].type	nonprofit
authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210165319
authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code	DE
authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name	Institut für Korrosionsschutz Dresden
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Maximilian Sieber
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings	Department of Corrosion Protection and Testing, EXCOR Korrosionsforschung GmbH, Magdeburger Strae 58, 01067 Dresden, Germany
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5065133047
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8787-0401
authorships[2].author.display_name	Alexander Kopp
authorships[2].countries	DE
authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210162505
authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Meotec GmbH, Triwo Technopark Aachen, Philipsstraße 8, 52001 Aachen, Germany
authorships[2].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210162505
authorships[2].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05san5604
authorships[2].institutions[0].type	company
authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210122849, https://openalex.org/I4210162505
authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code	DE
authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name	Philips (Germany)
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Alexander Kopp
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings	Meotec GmbH, Triwo Technopark Aachen, Philipsstraße 8, 52001 Aachen, Germany
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5065591442
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-9159
authorships[3].author.display_name	Thomas Lampke
authorships[3].countries	DE
authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2610724
authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Materials and Surface Engineering Group, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
authorships[3].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I2610724
authorships[3].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00a208s56
authorships[3].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2610724
authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code	DE
authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name	Chemnitz University of Technology
authorships[3].author_position	last
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Thomas Lampke
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings	Materials and Surface Engineering Group, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	True
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/10/7/628/pdf?version=1594707472
open_access.oa_status	gold
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2020-07-10T00:00:00
display_name	Introduction to Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation—An Overview of the Process and Applications
has_fulltext	True
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10530
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/25
primary_topic.field.display_name	Materials Science
primary_topic.score	0.9984999895095825
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2502
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Biomaterials
primary_topic.display_name	Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
related_works	https://openalex.org/W4280652962, https://openalex.org/W2255342328, https://openalex.org/W3030663352, https://openalex.org/W2615067796, https://openalex.org/W1032395513, https://openalex.org/W142449027, https://openalex.org/W2354281798, https://openalex.org/W1996068445, https://openalex.org/W2166651213, https://openalex.org/W2139999888
cited_by_count	271
counts_by_year[0].year	2025
counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count	51
counts_by_year[1].year	2024
counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count	62
counts_by_year[2].year	2023
counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count	77
counts_by_year[3].year	2022
counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count	38
counts_by_year[4].year	2021
counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count	33
counts_by_year[5].year	2020
counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count	10
locations_count	3
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.3390/coatings10070628
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4210205742
best_oa_location.source.issn	2079-6412
best_oa_location.source.type	journal
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.issn_l	2079-6412
best_oa_location.source.is_core	True
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	Coatings
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
best_oa_location.license	cc-by
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/10/7/628/pdf?version=1594707472
best_oa_location.version	publishedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	journal-article
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	True
best_oa_location.raw_source_name	Coatings
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628
primary_location.id	doi:10.3390/coatings10070628
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4210205742
primary_location.source.issn	2079-6412
primary_location.source.type	journal
primary_location.source.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.issn_l	2079-6412
primary_location.source.is_core	True
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	Coatings
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310310987
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
primary_location.license	cc-by
primary_location.pdf_url	https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/10/7/628/pdf?version=1594707472
primary_location.version	publishedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	journal-article
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	True
primary_location.raw_source_name	Coatings
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070628
publication_date	2020-06-30
publication_year	2020
referenced_works	https://openalex.org/W2126369522, https://openalex.org/W1967967818, https://openalex.org/W1987819273, https://openalex.org/W3033377705, https://openalex.org/W2999623536, https://openalex.org/W2883118972, https://openalex.org/W2517559575, https://openalex.org/W3030663352, https://openalex.org/W2736665600, https://openalex.org/W6772787375, https://openalex.org/W2803007964, https://openalex.org/W2790180070, https://openalex.org/W2042908310, https://openalex.org/W1998618139, https://openalex.org/W2804139900, https://openalex.org/W1995546248, https://openalex.org/W2595835726, https://openalex.org/W2288603423, https://openalex.org/W2043436650, https://openalex.org/W2019008758, https://openalex.org/W2999900426, https://openalex.org/W2029338630, https://openalex.org/W2508905825, https://openalex.org/W2742263220, https://openalex.org/W2796476453, https://openalex.org/W2950018669, https://openalex.org/W2980418642, https://openalex.org/W2605583295, https://openalex.org/W3006186842, https://openalex.org/W2070557198, https://openalex.org/W2013264438, https://openalex.org/W2009251115, https://openalex.org/W2607223820, https://openalex.org/W2565450123, https://openalex.org/W2089755583, https://openalex.org/W2210969887, https://openalex.org/W2898583140, https://openalex.org/W2186061346, https://openalex.org/W6691618749, https://openalex.org/W2791112560, https://openalex.org/W2749370932, https://openalex.org/W2400247289, https://openalex.org/W2339573048, https://openalex.org/W2071392928, https://openalex.org/W2252931513, https://openalex.org/W2588647698, https://openalex.org/W2069667238, https://openalex.org/W2024308864, https://openalex.org/W2083919450, https://openalex.org/W2006478594, https://openalex.org/W2550597432, https://openalex.org/W2027540344, https://openalex.org/W1977197417, https://openalex.org/W2601764143, https://openalex.org/W2057682132, https://openalex.org/W2111186183, https://openalex.org/W2066945948, https://openalex.org/W2082146843, https://openalex.org/W1963832133, https://openalex.org/W2054263571, https://openalex.org/W2061457990, https://openalex.org/W4382140312, https://openalex.org/W2534242976, https://openalex.org/W2947995430, https://openalex.org/W2749737227, https://openalex.org/W2036109022, https://openalex.org/W2056509892, https://openalex.org/W2998611558, https://openalex.org/W2252275792, https://openalex.org/W2993440560
referenced_works_count	70
abstract_inverted_index.a	35, 40, 49, 62, 77
abstract_inverted_index.an	10
abstract_inverted_index.as	20, 111, 113
abstract_inverted_index.by	30
abstract_inverted_index.in	13, 34, 39, 58, 65, 90
abstract_inverted_index.is	9, 28, 73
abstract_inverted_index.of	43, 80, 107, 116
abstract_inverted_index.on	17, 120, 125
abstract_inverted_index.to	76, 92, 103
abstract_inverted_index.The	26, 55, 96
abstract_inverted_index.and	52, 88, 123, 132
abstract_inverted_index.gas	50
abstract_inverted_index.the	44, 46, 53, 70, 81, 93, 99, 104, 108, 114, 117, 121, 126
abstract_inverted_index.also	4
abstract_inverted_index.etc.	25
abstract_inverted_index.such	19
abstract_inverted_index.this	59
abstract_inverted_index.well	112
abstract_inverted_index.e.g.,	130
abstract_inverted_index.oxide	47
abstract_inverted_index.thus,	124
abstract_inverted_index.under	67
abstract_inverted_index.which	32
abstract_inverted_index.(MAO),	8
abstract_inverted_index.(PEO),	3
abstract_inverted_index.Plasma	0
abstract_inverted_index.anodic	68
abstract_inverted_index.called	5
abstract_inverted_index.field,	38
abstract_inverted_index.itself	84
abstract_inverted_index.layer,	48
abstract_inverted_index.method	12
abstract_inverted_index.models	106
abstract_inverted_index.oxygen	89
abstract_inverted_index.plasma	63
abstract_inverted_index.review	97
abstract_inverted_index.state,	64
abstract_inverted_index.strong	36
abstract_inverted_index.system	41, 60
abstract_inverted_index.which,	66
abstract_inverted_index.coating	128
abstract_inverted_index.develop	33
abstract_inverted_index.locally	74
abstract_inverted_index.metals,	18
abstract_inverted_index.process	27, 100, 118
abstract_inverted_index.addition	91
abstract_inverted_index.alloying	86
abstract_inverted_index.coatings	16
abstract_inverted_index.compound	78
abstract_inverted_index.electric	37, 56
abstract_inverted_index.existing	105
abstract_inverted_index.kinetics	101
abstract_inverted_index.material	72, 83
abstract_inverted_index.presents	98
abstract_inverted_index.process,	122
abstract_inverted_index.according	102
abstract_inverted_index.aluminum,	21
abstract_inverted_index.breakdown	57
abstract_inverted_index.converted	75
abstract_inverted_index.discharge	109
abstract_inverted_index.elements)	87
abstract_inverted_index.envelope,	51
abstract_inverted_index.influence	115
abstract_inverted_index.micro-arc	6
abstract_inverted_index.oxidation	2, 7
abstract_inverted_index.producing	14
abstract_inverted_index.resulting	127
abstract_inverted_index.substrate	71, 82
abstract_inverted_index.titanium,	22
abstract_inverted_index.(including	85
abstract_inverted_index.consisting	42, 79
abstract_inverted_index.innovative	11
abstract_inverted_index.magnesium,	23
abstract_inverted_index.morphology	131
abstract_inverted_index.parameters	119
abstract_inverted_index.phenomena,	110
abstract_inverted_index.substrate,	45
abstract_inverted_index.zirconium,	24
abstract_inverted_index.components.	95
abstract_inverted_index.discharges,	31
abstract_inverted_index.electrolyte	94
abstract_inverted_index.establishes	61
abstract_inverted_index.properties,	129
abstract_inverted_index.composition.	133
abstract_inverted_index.electrolyte.	54
abstract_inverted_index.electrolytic	1
abstract_inverted_index.characterized	29
abstract_inverted_index.oxide-ceramic	15
abstract_inverted_index.polarization,	69
cited_by_percentile_year.max	100
cited_by_percentile_year.min	99
corresponding_author_ids	https://openalex.org/A5087608465
countries_distinct_count	1
institutions_distinct_count	4
corresponding_institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2610724
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.99484236
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	True
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	True