Is There a HbA1c Threshold for Symptoms of Chronic Hyperglycaemia? Article Swipe
N Müller
,
Thomas Lehmann
,
Ulrich Müller
,
C Kloos
·
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1
Aims of the study: The minimum therapeutic goals regarding metabolic control for people with diabetes mellitus is “absence of symptoms of hyperglycaemia”. However, it is uncertain, if a level of HbA1c can be defined which guarantees the absence of these symptoms. The aim was to define an HbA1c threshold above which most patients show hyperglycaemic symptoms.Methods: In a multicenter cross-sectional study 137 patients with type 1 and 285 with type 2 diabetes were asked about their symptoms during periods of hyperglycaemia with a standardized questionnaire. Seventeen symptoms of hyperglycaemia were summarized to the total hyperglycaemia symptom score (THSS; min. 0; max. 68). The answers could be given according to the frequency and intensity in the last 4 to 6. Results: The HbA1c threshold above which most patients showed hyperglycaemic symptoms was for patients with diabetes type 1 10.05% and with type 2 8.9%. Most confidence was reached on the symptoms of frequent urination” and “tiredness”. The mean THSS was 19.4 (±9.0) and showed a positive correlation with age (r=0.167; p<0.001) and HbA1c (r=0.254; p<0.001).Conclusions: We identified a HbA1c threshold above which most patients show symptoms of hyperglycaemia. In the treatment of people with diabetes mellitus a safety margin to this threshold should be maintained to preserve well-being and avoid distress. However, since hyperglycaemia symptoms are subject to many influencing factors, an adjustment of the therapy, both intensification and de-intensification, should always be carried out in combination with the requested hyperglycaemia symptoms and HbA1c value.
Related Topics
Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1
- https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-97211/latest.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 19
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4213060385
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4213060385Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Is There a HbA1c Threshold for Symptoms of Chronic Hyperglycaemia?Work title
- Type
-
preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2020Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2020-10-28Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
N Müller, Thomas Lehmann, Ulrich Müller, C KloosList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-97211/latest.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-97211/latest.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Intensive care medicine, Internal medicine, EndocrinologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
1Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2021: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
19Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4213060385 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4213060385 |
| fwci | 0.18033312 |
| type | preprint |
| title | Is There a HbA1c Threshold for Symptoms of Chronic Hyperglycaemia? |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10560 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2712 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism |
| topics[0].display_name | Diabetes Management and Research |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10401 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2712 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism |
| topics[1].display_name | Diabetes Treatment and Management |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11171 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| topics[2].score | 0.9993000030517578 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1311 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Genetics |
| topics[2].display_name | Diabetes and associated disorders |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[0].level | 0 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.4728161096572876 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C555293320 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.4388664662837982 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Diabetes mellitus |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C177713679 |
| concepts[2].level | 1 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.42471417784690857 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Intensive care medicine |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.3216326832771301 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C134018914 |
| concepts[4].level | 1 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.32110166549682617 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Endocrinology |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[0].score | 0.4728161096572876 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus |
| keywords[1].score | 0.4388664662837982 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Diabetes mellitus |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-medicine |
| keywords[2].score | 0.42471417784690857 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Intensive care medicine |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[3].score | 0.3216326832771301 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/endocrinology |
| keywords[4].score | 0.32110166549682617 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Endocrinology |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source | |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-97211/latest.pdf |
| locations[0].version | acceptedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | posted-content |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | False |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5091302986 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-7322 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | N Müller |
| authorships[0].countries | DE |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210134900 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University Hospital Jena, Department of Medicine III Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders Am Klinikum1 07747 Jena Germany |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210134900 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/035rzkx15 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210134900 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Jena University Hospital |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Nicolle Müller |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | University Hospital Jena, Department of Medicine III Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders Am Klinikum1 07747 Jena Germany |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5004153656 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-7923 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Thomas Lehmann |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210098535 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University Hospital Jena, Center for Clinical Studies |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210098535 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00e8qrd29 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | nonprofit |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210098535 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Center for Clinical Studies |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Thomas Lehmann |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | University Hospital Jena, Center for Clinical Studies |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5101872425 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8298-0465 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Ulrich Müller |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Practice for Endocrinology and Diabetology, Dr. Kielstein Ambulante Medizinische Betreuung GmbH, Jena |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Ulrich A Müller |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Practice for Endocrinology and Diabetology, Dr. Kielstein Ambulante Medizinische Betreuung GmbH, Jena |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5081367913 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | C Kloos |
| authorships[3].countries | DE |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210134900 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine III |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210134900 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/035rzkx15 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210134900 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Jena University Hospital |
| authorships[3].author_position | last |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Christof Kloos |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | University Hospital Jena, Department of Internal Medicine III |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-97211/latest.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Is There a HbA1c Threshold for Symptoms of Chronic Hyperglycaemia? |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10560 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2712 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism |
| primary_topic.display_name | Diabetes Management and Research |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2748952813, https://openalex.org/W1979139803, https://openalex.org/W1966504330, https://openalex.org/W2037631372, https://openalex.org/W4252436151, https://openalex.org/W2030889776, https://openalex.org/W1966775726, https://openalex.org/W1974041167, https://openalex.org/W1984079239, https://openalex.org/W4249176446 |
| cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source | |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-97211/latest.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | False |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source | |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-97211/latest.pdf |
| primary_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | False |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-97211/v1 |
| publication_date | 2020-10-28 |
| publication_year | 2020 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2123946565, https://openalex.org/W2552820399, https://openalex.org/W1974761774, https://openalex.org/W2131347767, https://openalex.org/W2164470316, https://openalex.org/W2624162283, https://openalex.org/W2330676667, https://openalex.org/W2138099273, https://openalex.org/W1978810731, https://openalex.org/W2081566878, https://openalex.org/W3006776390, https://openalex.org/W2144991899, https://openalex.org/W2044567465, https://openalex.org/W2049381368, https://openalex.org/W2275139239, https://openalex.org/W2041385012, https://openalex.org/W2184287214, https://openalex.org/W2023984564, https://openalex.org/W2050687725 |
| referenced_works_count | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1 | 66, 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2 | 71, 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.4 | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 28, 58, 83, 164, 177, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0; | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.6. | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 57, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 47, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 33, 106, 203, 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.if | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 114, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 17, 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.it | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 2, 19, 21, 30, 39, 80, 88, 151, 186, 191, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 45, 92, 109, 118, 199, 205, 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.137 | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.285 | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 42, 103, 121, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aim | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 67, 112, 139, 154, 162, 171, 208, 228, 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 12, 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.out | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 3, 37, 93, 110, 115, 149, 189, 224, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 44, 131, 146, 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.19.4 | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.68). | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Most | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.THSS | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.last | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.many | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.max. | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mean | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.min. | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 52, 126, 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.show | 54, 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.type | 65, 70, 136, 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 73, 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 14, 64, 69, 82, 134, 140, 167, 193, 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.8.9%. | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HbA1c | 31, 48, 122, 172, 178, 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.about | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.above | 50, 124, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.asked | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.avoid | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.given | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.goals | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.level | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.score | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.since | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.total | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 35, 51, 125, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(THSS; | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10.05% | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.always | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.define | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.during | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.margin | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.people | 13, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.safety | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.should | 202, 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 128, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study: | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.value. | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(±9.0) | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.absence | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.answers | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.carried | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.defined | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.minimum | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.periods | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reached | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subject | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptom | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 23, 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diabetes | 15, 72, 135, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors, | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequent | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mellitus | 16, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patients | 53, 63, 127, 133, 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.positive | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.preserve | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptoms | 20, 77, 87, 130, 150, 185, 214, 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.therapy, | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(r=0.167; | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(r=0.254; | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Seventeen | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.according | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distress. | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequency | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intensity | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolic | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regarding | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.requested | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptoms. | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.threshold | 49, 123, 179, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treatment | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.</bold>The | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<bold>Aims | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adjustment | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confidence | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.guarantees | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.maintained | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.summarized | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uncertain, | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well-being | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.“absence | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combination | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.correlation | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.influencing | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multicenter | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.p<0.001) | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.therapeutic | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.standardized | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.urination” | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hyperglycaemia | 81, 89, 95, 213, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hyperglycaemic | 55, 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.questionnaire. | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cross-sectional | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hyperglycaemia. | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intensification | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.“tiredness”. | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hyperglycaemia”. | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.de-intensification, | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<bold>Results</bold>: | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<title>Abstract</title> | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptoms.<bold>Methods</bold>: | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.p<0.001).<bold>Conclusions</bold>: | 174 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 93 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5091302986 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 4 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210134900 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7300000190734863 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.5631726 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |