Jeunes et médicaments psychotropes. Enquête qualitative sur l’usage détourné Article Swipe
En France, plusieurs enquêtes montrent des niveaux élevés de consommation de médi-caments psychotropes (voir encadré page 2) en population générale, y compris chez les jeunes [1]. Tous contextes confondus (médi-cal ou hors cadre thérapeutique), 19 % des élèves de 16 ans déclarent avoir déjà pris des anxiolytiques ou des hypnotiques au cours de leur vie [2]. À 17 ans, près de un jeune sur quatre dit avoir déjà consommé au moins un tranquillisant, un somnifère ou un antidépresseur au cours de sa vie, et la diffusion des anxiolytiques et des hypnotiques s'est accentuée entre 2011 et 2014 (tableau 1). Chez les jeunes comme en population adulte, les usages de médicaments psycho-tropes sont beaucoup plus fréquents parmi les filles, notamment du fait d'une consom-mation de soins plus importante que chez les garçons (tableau 1). La Ritaline ® , dont l'expérimentation reste rare, constitue une exception : en 2014, 1,4 % des jeunes gar-çons de 17 ans déclarent en avoir déjà fait usage, contre 0,7 % des filles. Les médica-ments consommés n'ont pas toujours été prescrits. Ainsi, 11 % des jeunes scolarisés de 16 ans rapportent une expérimentation de tranquillisants ou de sédatifs sans ordon-nance, et, parmi les jeunes de 17 ans ayant déjà consommé un médicament psycho-trope, celui-ci a été proposé par un parent dans 27 % des cas, ou pris de leur propre initiative dans 11 % des cas [3, 4]. Ces pratiques d'usage de médicaments psy-chotropes méritent d'être examinées dans un contexte de diffusion massive des pro-duits médicamenteux et de trouble des fron-tières entre leurs fonctions thérapeutiques et leur mobilisation dans le cadre d'usages récréatifs, de pratiques dopantes ou de conduites addictives [5]. Pourtant, en dehors des populations très spécifiques d'usagers de drogues suivies dans le cadre du dispositif TREND de l'OFDT [6], les consomma-tions de médicaments par des adolescents et jeunes adultes hors cadre médical sont rare-ment étudiées en France [7]. On sait encore peu de chose sur les modes d'accès aux mé-dicaments psychotropes, les motivations des jeunes et plus globalement leurs parcours de consommation de ces substances. Afin d'apporter des éclairages sur ce sujet peu documenté, l'OFDT, en partenariat avec le centre Émile-Durkheim de l'université de Bordeaux, a conduit une étude qualitative auprès de vingt-neuf jeunes de moins de 25 ans se livrant à un usage détourné de mé-dicaments psychotropes (voir méthodologie page 4). Ce numéro de Tendances aborde quelques points saillants de leur expérience : les modalités d'entrée en consommation, les motivations des usages détournés, la place des médicaments psychotropes parmi d'autres substances consommées et la dynamique des trajectoires individuelles. Il en ressort notamment une image de jeunes évoluant dans un environnement où ces médicaments sont très présents, d'une part, et une culture adolescente qui normalise les usages récréatifs de substances, médicaments inclus, d'autre part [8].
Related Topics
- Type
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- fr
- Landing Page
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- OA Status
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- OpenAlex ID
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Raw OpenAlex JSON
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Jeunes et médicaments psychotropes. Enquête qualitative sur l’usage détournéWork title
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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frPrimary language
- Publication year
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2021Year of publication
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2021-07-08Full publication date if available
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Maitena Milhet, Emmanuel LangloisList of authors in order
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https://oskar-bordeaux.fr/handle/20.500.12278/103061Publisher landing page
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.quelques | 392 |
| abstract_inverted_index.toujours | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.élevés | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.élèves | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Bordeaux, | 359 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Pourtant, | 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Tendances | 390 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conduites | 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confondus | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consommé | 68, 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.constitue | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contextes | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.d'entrée | 401 |
| abstract_inverted_index.d'usagers | 281 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diffusion | 85, 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dynamique | 420 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enquêtes | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exception | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fonctions | 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gar-çons | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.méritent | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.normalise | 449 |
| abstract_inverted_index.notamment | 118, 427 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plusieurs | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pratiques | 232, 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pro-duits | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rare-ment | 308 |
| abstract_inverted_index.saillants | 394 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sédatifs | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.évoluant | 432 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(médi-cal | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accentuée | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.addictives | 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consommés | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.d'apporter | 341 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dispositif | 289 |
| abstract_inverted_index.déclarent | 41, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.détourné | 379 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examinées | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fréquents | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.importante | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.initiative | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modalités | 400 |
| abstract_inverted_index.population | 18, 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prescrits. | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.présents, | 441 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rapportent | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.somnifère | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.substances | 416 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vingt-neuf | 367 |
| abstract_inverted_index.étudiées | 309 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adolescente | 447 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adolescents | 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consommées | 417 |
| abstract_inverted_index.documenté, | 348 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expérience | 397 |
| abstract_inverted_index.globalement | 332 |
| abstract_inverted_index.générale, | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hypnotiques | 49, 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.motivations | 327, 405 |
| abstract_inverted_index.médicament | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.partenariat | 351 |
| abstract_inverted_index.populations | 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.qualitative | 364 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scolarisés | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.substances, | 454 |
| abstract_inverted_index.substances. | 339 |
| abstract_inverted_index.éclairages | 343 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consommation | 9, 336 |
| abstract_inverted_index.détournés, | 408 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fron-tières | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mobilisation | 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.médicaments | 109, 235, 297, 412, 438, 455 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ordon-nance, | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.psychotropes | 12, 382, 413 |
| abstract_inverted_index.récréatifs | 452 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spécifiques | 280 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trajectoires | 422 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anxiolytiques | 46, 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consom-mation | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consommation, | 403 |
| abstract_inverted_index.environnement | 435 |
| abstract_inverted_index.l'université | 357 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mé-dicaments | 324, 381 |
| abstract_inverted_index.médi-caments | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.médica-ments | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.méthodologie | 384 |
| abstract_inverted_index.psy-chotropes | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.psycho-trope, | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.psycho-tropes | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.psychotropes, | 325 |
| abstract_inverted_index.récréatifs, | 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consomma-tions | 295 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individuelles. | 423 |
| abstract_inverted_index.médicamenteux | 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antidépresseur | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thérapeutiques | 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tranquillisant, | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tranquillisants | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Émile-Durkheim | 355 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expérimentation | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thérapeutique), | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.l'expérimentation | 138 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 2 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.5799999833106995 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile |