Histopathology • Vol 83 • No 6
Ki67 proliferation index in medullary thyroid carcinoma: a comparative study of multiple counting methods and validation of image analysis and deep learning platforms
September 2023 • Saad Nadeem, Matthew G. Hanna, Kartik Viswanathan, Joseph P. Marino, Mahsa Ahadi, Bayan Alzumaili, Mohamed Amine Bani, Federico Chiarucci, Angela Cho…
Aims The International Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Grading System, introduced in 2022, mandates evaluation of the Ki67 proliferation index to assign a histological grade for medullary thyroid carcinoma. However, manual counting remains a tedious and time‐consuming task. Methods and results We aimed to evaluate the performance of three other counting techniques for the Ki67 index, eyeballing by a trained experienced investigator, a machine learning‐based deep learning algorithm (DeepLIIF) and an image analysis soft…