Long COVID in People With Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders: A Multicenter Cross‐Sectional Study
Article Swipe
Chen Hu
,
Jiyeon Son
,
Lindsay McAlpine
,
Elizabeth Walker
,
Megan Dahl
,
Emily Song
,
Sugeidy Ferreira Brito
,
Katelyn Kavak
,
Kaho Onomichi
,
Amit Bar‐Or
,
Christopher Perrone
,
Claire Riley
,
Bianca Weinstock‐Guttman
,
Philip L. De Jager
,
Erin E. Longbrake
,
Zongqi Xia
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.70184
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.70184
Background Managing long COVID in people with multiple sclerosis and related disorders (pwMSRD) is complex due to overlapping symptoms. To address evidence gaps, we evaluated long COVID susceptibility in pwMSRD versus controls and its associations with multi‐domain function and disability. Methods In this multicenter cross‐sectional study, participants completed a survey covering 71 post‐infection symptoms, distinguishing new‐onset from worsening symptoms. We defined long COVID using the 2024 NASEM criteria. Logistic regression assessed long COVID odds. Linear and Poisson regression evaluated associations with function and disability. Results 969 pwMSRD (82.5% female, mean age 51.8 years, 63.5% infected) and 1003 controls (79.4% female, mean age 45.2 years, 61.2% infected) were included. PwMSRD had higher odds of long COVID (aOR = 1.6 [1.2–2.1]), with a stronger association when restricting to worsening symptoms (aOR = 2.3 [1.7–3.1]). Having long COVID was associated with worse physical function, cognition, and depression in both groups. PwMSRD with long COVID experienced greater physical function declines and more depression severity exacerbation than controls, and had faster disability progression compared to those without long COVID. Conclusion PwMSRD show increased susceptibility to long COVID, primarily driven by worsening symptoms. Long COVID contributes to more functional decline and disability worsening. Recognizing and managing long COVID is essential for pwMSRD.
Related Topics
Concepts
Medicine
Depression (economics)
Odds
Logistic regression
Cross-sectional study
Odds ratio
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Poisson regression
Multiple sclerosis
Exacerbation
Internal medicine
Psychiatry
Disease
Pathology
Population
Infectious disease (medical specialty)
Economics
Macroeconomics
Environmental health
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.70184
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/acn3.70184
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 38
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4414018812
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4414018812Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.70184Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Long
COVID in People With Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders: A Multicenter Cross‐Sectional StudyWork title - Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-09-05Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Chen Hu, Jiyeon Son, Lindsay McAlpine, Elizabeth Walker, Megan Dahl, Emily Song, Sugeidy Ferreira Brito, Katelyn Kavak, Kaho Onomichi, Amit Bar‐Or, Christopher Perrone, Claire Riley, Bianca Weinstock‐Guttman, Philip L. De Jager, Erin E. Longbrake, Zongqi XiaList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.70184Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/acn3.70184Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/acn3.70184Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Medicine, Depression (economics), Odds, Logistic regression, Cross-sectional study, Odds ratio, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Poisson regression, Multiple sclerosis, Exacerbation, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Disease, Pathology, Population, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Economics, Macroeconomics, Environmental healthTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
-
38Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.using | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.worse | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(79.4% | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(82.5% | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.COVID, | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.COVID. | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Having | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Linear | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PwMSRD | 109, 148, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.driven | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.faster | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.higher | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.people | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pwMSRD | 30, 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study, | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.survey | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.versus | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years, | 93, 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Poisson | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.address | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decline | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.defined | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.female, | 89, 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.greater | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.groups. | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pwMSRD. | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.related | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.without | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(pwMSRD) | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ABSTRACT | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Logistic | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Managing | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessed | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controls | 32, 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.covering | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.declines | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evidence | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.function | 38, 82, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.managing | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multiple | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.physical | 140, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.severity | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stronger | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptoms | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.completed | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controls, | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.criteria. | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disorders | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.essential | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated | 25, 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.function, | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included. | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increased | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infected) | 95, 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.primarily | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sclerosis | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptoms, | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptoms. | 19, 59, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.worsening | 58, 127, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusion | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cognition, | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.depression | 144, 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disability | 167, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.functional | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regression | 70, 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.worsening. | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Recognizing | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.association | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contributes | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disability. | 40, 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experienced | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multicenter | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.new‐onset | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overlapping | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.progression | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.restricting | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associations | 35, 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exacerbation | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[1.2–2.1]), | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[1.7–3.1]). | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distinguishing | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multi‐domain | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.susceptibility | 28, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.post‐infection | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cross‐sectional | 45 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5069572535 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 16 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I170201317 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.50882909 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |