Microstructural features induced by the Gaussian laser beam shape on 316L stainless steel thin-walled samples fabricated by directed energy deposition Article Swipe
Eleonora Santecchia
,
Marcello Cabibbo
,
Valerio Di Pompeo
,
Alberto Santoni
,
Maria Laura Gatto
,
Gabriele Grima
,
S. Spigarelli
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-025-01028-1
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-025-01028-1
The microstructure and mechanical properties of metallic parts produced by additive manufacturing are significantly influenced by processing parameters. For laser-based technologies, the laser beam shape introduces an additional variable, which can profoundly affect the crystallography orientation, microstructure, and phase composition of the final part. This study investigates the effects of a Gaussian laser beam profile on the microstructure and phase distribution in thin-walled 316L stainless steel samples fabricated by directed energy deposition (DED). Hollow cylinders fabricated with a single-bead deposition were cut in one position along the growth direction (YZ sample). Furthermore, additional cuts were performed in positions perpendicular to the building direction in order to extract two XY samples, one comprising the first deposited layers and the second one the final layers of the build job. Detailed characterization revealed that the Gaussian beam shape profile drives localized variations in phase composition, with a marked disparity in δ-ferrite content between the outer regions and the core of the walls. Furthermore, microhardness measurements along the printing direction indicate that lattice microstrain, rather than primary cellular arm spacing (PCAS), predominantly governs hardness levels.
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- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-025-01028-1
- https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40964-025-01028-1.pdf
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
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- References
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- OpenAlex ID
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Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W4408074330Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-025-01028-1Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Microstructural features induced by the Gaussian laser beam shape on 316L stainless steel thin-walled samples fabricated by directed energy depositionWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-03-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Eleonora Santecchia, Marcello Cabibbo, Valerio Di Pompeo, Alberto Santoni, Maria Laura Gatto, Gabriele Grima, S. SpigarelliList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-025-01028-1Publisher landing page
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https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40964-025-01028-1.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40964-025-01028-1.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Materials science, Deposition (geology), Thin film, Pulsed laser deposition, Laser, Metallurgy, Gaussian beam, Beam (structure), Energy (signal processing), Laser beams, Composite material, Optics, Optoelectronics, Nanotechnology, Geology, Physics, Quantum mechanics, Paleontology, SedimentTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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2Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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38Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.XY | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 10, 16, 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 62, 83, 97, 104, 140, 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 6, 41, 50, 124, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 100, 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(YZ | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.For | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 3, 38, 59, 117, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.arm | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cut | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 84, 111, 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 22, 34, 42, 48, 57, 87, 101, 113, 118, 121, 125, 132, 151, 155, 158, 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.316L | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beam | 24, 54, 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.core | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cuts | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.job. | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.than | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 131, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 81, 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 77, 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.along | 86, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.build | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.final | 43, 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.first | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.laser | 23, 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.order | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.outer | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.part. | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parts | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phase | 39, 60, 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shape | 25, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.steel | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(DED). | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Hollow | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.affect | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drives | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.energy | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.growth | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.layers | 116, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.marked | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rather | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.second | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.walls. | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(PCAS), | 177 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.content | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extract | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.governs | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lattice | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels. | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.primary | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profile | 55, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regions | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.samples | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spacing | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.Gaussian | 52, 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.additive | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.building | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cellular | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.directed | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hardness | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicate | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metallic | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.position | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.printing | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.produced | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.revealed | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sample). | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.samples, | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cylinders | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deposited | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.direction | 89, 103, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disparity | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.localized | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performed | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.positions | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stainless | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variable, | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.additional | 28, 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprising | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deposition | 72, 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fabricated | 68, 76 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.processing | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profoundly | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.properties | 5 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.δ-ferrite | 148 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.laser-based | 20 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.thin-walled | 63 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.composition, | 142 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.investigates | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurements | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microstrain, | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.orientation, | 36 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.microhardness | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perpendicular | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.predominantly | 178 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.technologies, | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microstructure | 2, 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.crystallography | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microstructure, | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characterization | 129 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 95 |
| countries_distinct_count | 0 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.87273828 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |