Modeling drag coefficients of spheroidal particles in rarefied flow conditions Article Swipe
H. J. H. Clercx
,
Cosimo Livi
,
Gianluca Di Staso Gianluca Di Staso
,
Federico Toschi
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008
Transport of particles in flows is often modeled in a combined Eulerian-Lagrangian framework. The flow is evaluated on an Eulerian grid, while particles are modeled as Lagrangian points whose positions and velocities are evolved in time, resulting in particle trajectories embedded in the time-dependent flow field. The method essentially resolves the flow field in complex geometries in detail but uses a closure model for the particle dynamics aimed at including the essential particle-fluid interactions at the cost of detailed small-scale physics. Rarefaction effects are usually included through the phenomenological Cunningham correction on the drag force experienced by the particles. In this Lagrangian point-particle approach, any explicit reference to the finite size and the shape of the particles, and their local orientation in the flow field, is typically ignored. In this work we aim to address this gap by deriving, from fully-resolved Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) studies, heuristic or closure models for the drag force acting on prolate and oblate spheroidal particles with different aspect ratios, and a fixed orientation, in uniform ambient rarefied flows covering the transition regime between the continuum and free-molecular limits. These closure models predict the drag in the transition regime for all considered parameter settings (validated with DSMC data). The continuum limit is enforced a priori and we retrieve the free-molecular limit with reasonable accuracy (based on comparisons with literature data). We also include in the models the capability to predict effects related to basic gas-surface interactions via the tangential momentum accommodation coefficient. We furthermore assess the validity of the proposed closure model for particle dynamics in proximity to solid walls. This investigation extends our previous work, which focused on small aspect ratio spheroids with exclusively diffusive gas-surface interactions [see Livi et al. (2022)]. The derived models are obtained for isothermal, subsonic flows relevant for particle contamination control in semiconductor manufacturing.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 2
- References
- 76
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4400621579
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4400621579Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Modeling drag coefficients of spheroidal particles in rarefied flow conditionsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-07-14Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
H. J. H. Clercx, Cosimo Livi, Gianluca Di Staso Gianluca Di Staso, Federico ToschiList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Drag, Physics, Mechanics, Classical mechanics, Direct simulation Monte Carlo, Statistical physics, Eulerian path, Flow (mathematics), Monte Carlo method, Mathematics, Lagrangian, Theoretical physics, Dynamic Monte Carlo method, StatisticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
2Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
76Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4400621579 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4400621579 |
| fwci | 1.24555854 |
| type | article |
| title | Modeling drag coefficients of spheroidal particles in rarefied flow conditions |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | 108 |
| biblio.last_page | 103 |
| biblio.first_page | 90 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T12350 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[0].score | 1.0 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2212 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Ocean Engineering |
| topics[0].display_name | Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11012 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/26 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Mathematics |
| topics[1].score | 0.9990000128746033 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2604 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Applied Mathematics |
| topics[1].display_name | Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T12540 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9975000023841858 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2206 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Computational Mechanics |
| topics[2].display_name | Cyclone Separators and Fluid Dynamics |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320321800 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 |
| funders[0].display_name | Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2890 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2890 |
| apc_paid.value | 2890 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2890 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C72921944 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7327793836593628 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206621 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Drag |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6360286474227905 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C57879066 |
| concepts[2].level | 1 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5679574608802795 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Mechanics |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C74650414 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5587041974067688 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Classical mechanics |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C164916747 |
| concepts[4].level | 4 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5233915448188782 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4382753 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Direct simulation Monte Carlo |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C121864883 |
| concepts[5].level | 1 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5200664401054382 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Statistical physics |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C43058520 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.48782065510749817 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624580 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Eulerian path |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C38349280 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.47608938813209534 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Flow (mathematics) |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C19499675 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.36507707834243774 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Monte Carlo method |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[9].level | 0 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.1689015030860901 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Mathematics |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C53469067 |
| concepts[10].level | 2 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.12623271346092224 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505735 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Lagrangian |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C33332235 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.10371392965316772 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Theoretical physics |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C122592724 |
| concepts[12].level | 3 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3855635 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Dynamic Monte Carlo method |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C105795698 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Statistics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/drag |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7327793836593628 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Drag |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physics |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6360286474227905 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Physics |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5679574608802795 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Mechanics |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5587041974067688 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Classical mechanics |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-simulation-monte-carlo |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5233915448188782 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Direct simulation Monte Carlo |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5200664401054382 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Statistical physics |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/eulerian-path |
| keywords[6].score | 0.48782065510749817 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Eulerian path |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/flow |
| keywords[7].score | 0.47608938813209534 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Flow (mathematics) |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method |
| keywords[8].score | 0.36507707834243774 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Monte Carlo method |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics |
| keywords[9].score | 0.1689015030860901 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Mathematics |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/lagrangian |
| keywords[10].score | 0.12623271346092224 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Lagrangian |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-physics |
| keywords[11].score | 0.10371392965316772 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Theoretical physics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S75679255 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0997-7546, 1873-7390 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0997-7546 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Elsevier BV |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Elsevier BV |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire/8d5dbd9f-d77e-4ad5-b201-f6280751727b |
| locations[1].is_oa | True |
| locations[1].source | |
| locations[1].license | cc-by |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Clercx, H J H, Livi, C, Di Staso, G & Toschi, F 2024, 'Modeling drag coefficients of spheroidal particles in rarefied flow conditions', European Journal of Mechanics. B, Fluids, vol. 108, pp. 90-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/8d5dbd9f-d77e-4ad5-b201-f6280751727b |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5005309801 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8769-0435 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | H. J. H. Clercx |
| authorships[0].countries | NL |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Fluids and Flows group and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02c2kyt77 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | NL |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Eindhoven University of Technology |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | H.J.H. Clercx |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Fluids and Flows group and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5088822542 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4229-5375 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Cosimo Livi |
| authorships[1].countries | NL |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Fluids and Flows group and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02c2kyt77 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | NL |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Eindhoven University of Technology |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | C. Livi |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Fluids and Flows group and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5087708483 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Gianluca Di Staso Gianluca Di Staso |
| authorships[2].countries | NL |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Fluids and Flows group and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | FLOW Matters Consultancy B.V., Groene Loper 5, 5612AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02c2kyt77 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | NL |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Eindhoven University of Technology |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | G. Di Staso |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | FLOW Matters Consultancy B.V., Groene Loper 5, 5612AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Fluids and Flows group and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5061447676 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5935-2332 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Federico Toschi |
| authorships[3].countries | NL |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Fluids and Flows group and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02c2kyt77 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | NL |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Eindhoven University of Technology |
| authorships[3].author_position | last |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | F. Toschi |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Fluids and Flows group and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Modeling drag coefficients of spheroidal particles in rarefied flow conditions |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T12350 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Engineering |
| primary_topic.score | 1.0 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2212 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Ocean Engineering |
| primary_topic.display_name | Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4366835705, https://openalex.org/W2034363746, https://openalex.org/W4399505169, https://openalex.org/W2008097580, https://openalex.org/W2930989993, https://openalex.org/W4308900515, https://openalex.org/W2949905238, https://openalex.org/W2149754020, https://openalex.org/W2992483930, https://openalex.org/W4294830483 |
| cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S75679255 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 0997-7546, 1873-7390 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 0997-7546 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Elsevier BV |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Elsevier BV |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S75679255 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0997-7546, 1873-7390 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0997-7546 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Elsevier BV |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Elsevier BV |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.07.008 |
| publication_date | 2024-07-14 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2577683193, https://openalex.org/W2015480588, https://openalex.org/W1982290595, https://openalex.org/W2489532364, https://openalex.org/W2020363921, https://openalex.org/W1995146436, https://openalex.org/W1982187553, https://openalex.org/W2068492013, https://openalex.org/W2556654462, https://openalex.org/W2804286258, https://openalex.org/W2154570448, https://openalex.org/W1975805138, https://openalex.org/W2075314861, https://openalex.org/W2008941053, https://openalex.org/W2100712935, https://openalex.org/W2103576394, https://openalex.org/W2144240453, https://openalex.org/W1972435868, https://openalex.org/W2032572436, https://openalex.org/W2586892394, https://openalex.org/W2044665398, https://openalex.org/W6661223839, https://openalex.org/W2031713407, https://openalex.org/W1982788594, https://openalex.org/W2050870661, https://openalex.org/W1980077904, https://openalex.org/W2085392148, https://openalex.org/W1978433451, https://openalex.org/W2059361979, https://openalex.org/W1986550315, https://openalex.org/W2088122215, https://openalex.org/W2075866909, https://openalex.org/W2012703888, https://openalex.org/W2022083848, https://openalex.org/W2060789060, https://openalex.org/W2055383647, https://openalex.org/W2083776022, https://openalex.org/W1986094355, https://openalex.org/W1966175953, https://openalex.org/W1966178285, https://openalex.org/W4206065917, https://openalex.org/W1984426476, https://openalex.org/W2165518362, https://openalex.org/W2145851836, https://openalex.org/W2610982944, https://openalex.org/W2804193086, https://openalex.org/W3143768934, https://openalex.org/W6637509610, https://openalex.org/W6658797127, https://openalex.org/W6788029972, https://openalex.org/W4206499883, https://openalex.org/W4391264545, https://openalex.org/W2032622143, https://openalex.org/W2950804067, https://openalex.org/W2221039062, https://openalex.org/W2791239918, https://openalex.org/W2100947465, https://openalex.org/W1985465088, https://openalex.org/W2318359360, https://openalex.org/W2991488608, https://openalex.org/W2991617432, https://openalex.org/W2077830195, https://openalex.org/W1984105816, https://openalex.org/W2052129835, https://openalex.org/W2154255259, https://openalex.org/W2166628555, https://openalex.org/W2032325704, https://openalex.org/W70668290, https://openalex.org/W3021669132, https://openalex.org/W2040886794, https://openalex.org/W1539356813, https://openalex.org/W2042826901, https://openalex.org/W2900431989, https://openalex.org/W3049355567, https://openalex.org/W3120023447, https://openalex.org/W3105113252 |
| referenced_works_count | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 9, 60, 167, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 99, 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 226, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 68, 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 96, 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.et | 286 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 3, 8, 34, 37, 41, 53, 56, 121, 170, 191, 229, 261, 303 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 5, 15, 125, 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 1, 77, 114, 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 17, 91, 156, 221, 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 107, 133, 234, 238, 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 131, 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 13, 46, 204, 289 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aim | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.al. | 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.all | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 30, 111, 117, 158, 166, 182, 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.any | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 23, 32, 83, 292 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 63, 151, 195, 258, 294, 299 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gap | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 42, 50, 64, 70, 75, 87, 92, 97, 108, 112, 115, 122, 152, 176, 180, 189, 192, 214, 230, 232, 243, 251, 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.via | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.DSMC | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Livi | 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 266 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[see | 284 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cost | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drag | 93, 153, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.flow | 14, 44, 51, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.size | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 100, 129, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uses | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 162, 201, 217, 223, 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Carlo | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Monte | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.These | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aimed | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.basic | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.field | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fixed | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.flows | 4, 174, 297 |
| abstract_inverted_index.force | 94, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.grid, | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.limit | 206, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.local | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 62, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.often | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ratio | 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shape | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.small | 275 |
| abstract_inverted_index.solid | 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time, | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whose | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work, | 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(DSMC) | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(based | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Direct | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acting | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aspect | 164, 276 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assess | 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data). | 203, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.detail | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.field, | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.field. | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.finite | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 150, 187, 231, 291 |
| abstract_inverted_index.oblate | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.points | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.priori | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regime | 178, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.walls. | 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.address | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ambient | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.closure | 61, 149, 186, 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control | 302 |
| abstract_inverted_index.derived | 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 82, 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evolved | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extends | 268 |
| abstract_inverted_index.focused | 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.include | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.limits. | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modeled | 7, 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.predict | 188, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prolate | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ratios, | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.related | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uniform | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.usually | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(2022)]. | 288 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Eulerian | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accuracy | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combined | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.covering | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.detailed | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dynamics | 66, 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.embedded | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enforced | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explicit | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ignored. | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.momentum | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.obtained | 293 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particle | 38, 65, 259, 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.physics. | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previous | 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proposed | 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rarefied | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relevant | 298 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resolves | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.retrieve | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.settings | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies, | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subsonic | 296 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validity | 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Transport | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approach, | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.continuum | 181, 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deriving, | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diffusive | 281 |
| abstract_inverted_index.essential | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.heuristic | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parameter | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particles | 2, 22, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.positions | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proximity | 262 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reference | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resulting | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spheroids | 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.typically | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(validated | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Cunningham | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Lagrangian | 26, 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Simulation | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capability | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.considered | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.correction | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.framework. | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.geometries | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.literature | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particles, | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particles. | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reasonable | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spheroidal | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tangential | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transition | 177, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.velocities | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Rarefaction | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comparisons | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.essentially | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exclusively | 280 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experienced | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.furthermore | 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gas-surface | 240, 282 |
| abstract_inverted_index.isothermal, | 295 |
| abstract_inverted_index.orientation | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.small-scale | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coefficient. | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interactions | 73, 241, 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.orientation, | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trajectories | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accommodation | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contamination | 301 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigation | 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.semiconductor | 304 |
| abstract_inverted_index.free-molecular | 183, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fully-resolved | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.manufacturing. | 305 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particle-fluid | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.point-particle | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time-dependent | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenomenological | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Eulerian-Lagrangian | 11 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 95 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5005309801 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 4 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I83019370 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.5899999737739563 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Climate action |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.72880304 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |