mRNA COVID-19 vaccine elicits potent adaptive immune response without the persistent inflammation seen in SARS-CoV-2 infection Article Swipe
Ellie Ivanova
,
Jasmine Shwetar
,
Joseph C. Devlin
,
Terkild B. Buus
,
Sophie L. Gray-Gaillard
,
Akiko Koide
,
Amber Cornelius
,
Marie I. Samanovic
,
Alberto Herrera
,
Eleni P. Mimitou
,
Chenzhen Zhang
,
Trishala Karmacharya
,
Ludovic Desvignes
,
Niels Ødum
,
Peter Smibert
,
Robert J. Ulrich
,
Mark J. Mulligan
,
Shohei Koide
,
Kelly V. Ruggles
,
Ramin S. Herati
,
Sergei B. Koralov
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677
SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination elicit potent immune responses. Our study presents a comprehensive multimodal single-cell dataset of peripheral blood of patients with acute COVID-19 and of healthy volunteers before and after receiving the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine and booster. We compared host immune responses to the virus and vaccine using transcriptional profiling, coupled with B/T cell receptor repertoire reconstruction. COVID-19 patients displayed an enhanced interferon signature and cytotoxic gene upregulation, absent in vaccine recipients. These findings were validated in an independent dataset. Analysis of B and T cell repertoires revealed that, while the majority of clonal lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients were effector cells, clonal expansion was more evident among circulating memory cells in vaccine recipients. Furthermore, while clonal αβ T cell responses were observed in both COVID-19 patients and vaccine recipients, dramatic expansion of clonal γδT cells was found only in infected individuals. Our dataset enables comparative analyses of immune responses to infection versus vaccination, including clonal B and T cell responses. Integrating our data with publicly available datasets allowed us to validate our findings in larger cohorts. To our knowledge, this is the first dataset to include comprehensive profiling of longitudinal samples from healthy volunteers pre/post SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and booster.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677
- https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/08/23/2021.04.20.21255677.full.pdf
- OA Status
- green
- Cited By
- 29
- References
- 151
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3193296610
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W3193296610Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
mRNA COVID-19 vaccine elicits potent adaptive immune response without the persistent inflammation seen in SARS-CoV-2 infectionWork title
- Type
-
preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-04-21Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Ellie Ivanova, Jasmine Shwetar, Joseph C. Devlin, Terkild B. Buus, Sophie L. Gray-Gaillard, Akiko Koide, Amber Cornelius, Marie I. Samanovic, Alberto Herrera, Eleni P. Mimitou, Chenzhen Zhang, Trishala Karmacharya, Ludovic Desvignes, Niels Ødum, Peter Smibert, Robert J. Ulrich, Mark J. Mulligan, Shohei Koide, Kelly V. Ruggles, Ramin S. Herati, Sergei B. KoralovList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/08/23/2021.04.20.21255677.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/08/23/2021.04.20.21255677.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Immune system, Immunology, Vaccination, Virology, Cytotoxic T cell, Biology, T cell, Medicine, Genetics, In vitroTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
29Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1, 2024: 2, 2023: 9, 2022: 13, 2021: 4Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
151Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W3193296610 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677 |
| ids.mag | 3193296610 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W3193296610 |
| fwci | 2.04802363 |
| type | preprint |
| title | mRNA COVID-19 vaccine elicits potent adaptive immune response without the persistent inflammation seen in SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10118 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| topics[0].display_name | SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10041 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9988999962806702 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| topics[1].display_name | COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10031 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/24 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Immunology and Microbiology |
| topics[2].score | 0.9926000237464905 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2403 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Immunology |
| topics[2].display_name | T-cell and B-cell Immunology |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C8891405 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7611711025238037 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Immune system |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C203014093 |
| concepts[1].level | 1 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6544393301010132 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Immunology |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C22070199 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5737271308898926 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Vaccination |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C159047783 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5184692740440369 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Virology |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C154317977 |
| concepts[4].level | 3 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5056288242340088 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Cytotoxic T cell |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[5].level | 0 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.49869823455810547 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C2776090121 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4255005717277527 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529 |
| concepts[6].display_name | T cell |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.35804328322410583 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C54355233 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.0769202709197998 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Genetics |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C202751555 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681 |
| concepts[9].display_name | In vitro |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-system |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7611711025238037 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Immune system |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6544393301010132 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Immunology |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5737271308898926 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Vaccination |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/virology |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5184692740440369 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Virology |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxic-t-cell |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5056288242340088 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Cytotoxic T cell |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biology |
| keywords[5].score | 0.49869823455810547 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4255005717277527 |
| keywords[6].display_name | T cell |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[7].score | 0.35804328322410583 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics |
| keywords[8].score | 0.0769202709197998 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Genetics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402567 |
| locations[0].source.issn | |
| locations[0].source.type | repository |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | |
| locations[0].source.is_core | False |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/08/23/2021.04.20.21255677.full.pdf |
| locations[0].version | acceptedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | posted-content |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | False |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5050106786 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1850-9505 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Ellie Ivanova |
| authorships[0].countries | US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 006, USA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Ellie N. Ivanova |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 006, USA |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5028869690 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Jasmine Shwetar |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Jasmine Shwetar |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5043899119 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0003-4812 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Joseph C. Devlin |
| authorships[2].countries | US |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Joseph C. Devlin |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5060326610 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6384 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Terkild B. Buus |
| authorships[3].countries | DK, US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 006, USA |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I124055696, https://openalex.org/I4210124980 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210124980 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02rgsr590 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | other |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210124980 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | DK |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | LEO Foundation |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I124055696 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/035b05819 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124055696 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code | DK |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name | University of Copenhagen |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Terkild B. Buus |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 006, USA, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5041001859 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-5956 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Sophie L. Gray-Gaillard |
| authorships[4].countries | US |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Sophie Gray-Gaillard |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5071333092 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1796-7077 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Akiko Koide |
| authorships[5].countries | US |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 1001, USA |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Akiko Koide |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 1001, USA, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5111087270 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Amber Cornelius |
| authorships[6].countries | US |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Amber Cornelius |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5032622491 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-2232 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Marie I. Samanovic |
| authorships[7].countries | US |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 1001, USA |
| authorships[7].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Marie I. Samanovic |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 1001, USA, New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5018467122 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4189-9051 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Alberto Herrera |
| authorships[8].countries | US |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 006, USA |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Alberto Herrera |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 006, USA |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5025827802 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9737-6394 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Eleni P. Mimitou |
| authorships[9].countries | US |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210151462 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210097073 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Immunai, New York, NY 016 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210097073 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00saq8k02 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | company |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097073 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | Immunai (United States) |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210151462 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/05wf2ga96 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].type | facility |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210151462 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].display_name | New York Genome Center |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Eleni P. Mimitou |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Immunai, New York, NY 016, New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5102919674 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3671-3569 |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Chenzhen Zhang |
| authorships[10].countries | US |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[10].author_position | middle |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Chenzhen Zhang |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA |
| authorships[11].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5030668192 |
| authorships[11].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-8802 |
| authorships[11].author.display_name | Trishala Karmacharya |
| authorships[11].countries | US |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[11].author_position | middle |
| authorships[11].raw_author_name | Trishala Karmacharya |
| authorships[11].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[11].raw_affiliation_strings | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[12].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5002545836 |
| authorships[12].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-0828 |
| authorships[12].author.display_name | Ludovic Desvignes |
| authorships[12].countries | US |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[12].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I39565521, https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[12].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | High Containment Laboratories, Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[12].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I39565521 |
| authorships[12].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/00mmn6b08 |
| authorships[12].institutions[2].type | government |
| authorships[12].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1330989302, https://openalex.org/I39565521 |
| authorships[12].institutions[2].country_code | US |
| authorships[12].institutions[2].display_name | Office of Science |
| authorships[12].author_position | middle |
| authorships[12].raw_author_name | Ludovic Desvignes |
| authorships[12].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[12].raw_affiliation_strings | High Containment Laboratories, Office of Science and Research, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA, New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[13].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5004078001 |
| authorships[13].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-5624 |
| authorships[13].author.display_name | Niels Ødum |
| authorships[13].countries | DK |
| authorships[13].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I124055696, https://openalex.org/I4210124980 |
| authorships[13].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210124980 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02rgsr590 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].type | other |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210124980 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].country_code | DK |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].display_name | LEO Foundation |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I124055696 |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/035b05819 |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I124055696 |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].country_code | DK |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].display_name | University of Copenhagen |
| authorships[13].author_position | middle |
| authorships[13].raw_author_name | Niels Ødum |
| authorships[13].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[13].raw_affiliation_strings | LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark |
| authorships[14].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5039402589 |
| authorships[14].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0772-1647 |
| authorships[14].author.display_name | Peter Smibert |
| authorships[14].countries | US |
| authorships[14].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210151462 |
| authorships[14].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA |
| authorships[14].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210117513 |
| authorships[14].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | 10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA 94588 |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210117513 |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01sxvbm95 |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].type | company |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210117513 |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].display_name | 10X Genomics (United States) |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210151462 |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/05wf2ga96 |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].type | facility |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210151462 |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].display_name | New York Genome Center |
| authorships[14].author_position | middle |
| authorships[14].raw_author_name | Peter Smibert |
| authorships[14].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[14].raw_affiliation_strings | 10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA 94588, New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA |
| authorships[15].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5077715621 |
| authorships[15].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-5062 |
| authorships[15].author.display_name | Robert J. Ulrich |
| authorships[15].countries | US |
| authorships[15].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[15].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 1001, USA |
| authorships[15].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[15].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[15].author_position | middle |
| authorships[15].raw_author_name | Robert J. Ulrich |
| authorships[15].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[15].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 1001, USA, New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[16].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5064116200 |
| authorships[16].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7262-9746 |
| authorships[16].author.display_name | Mark J. Mulligan |
| authorships[16].countries | US |
| authorships[16].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[16].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[16].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[16].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[16].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[16].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[16].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[16].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[16].author_position | middle |
| authorships[16].raw_author_name | Mark J. Mulligan |
| authorships[16].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[16].raw_affiliation_strings | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[17].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5026366958 |
| authorships[17].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5473-4358 |
| authorships[17].author.display_name | Shohei Koide |
| authorships[17].countries | US |
| authorships[17].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[17].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[17].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[17].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA |
| authorships[17].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[17].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[17].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[17].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[17].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[17].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[17].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[17].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[17].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[17].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[17].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[17].institutions[1].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[17].author_position | middle |
| authorships[17].raw_author_name | Shohei Koide |
| authorships[17].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[17].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[18].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5026122878 |
| authorships[18].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0152-0863 |
| authorships[18].author.display_name | Kelly V. Ruggles |
| authorships[18].countries | US |
| authorships[18].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[18].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA |
| authorships[18].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[18].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[18].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[18].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[18].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[18].institutions[0].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[18].author_position | middle |
| authorships[18].raw_author_name | Kelly V. Ruggles |
| authorships[18].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[18].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA |
| authorships[19].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5028046240 |
| authorships[19].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2613-4050 |
| authorships[19].author.display_name | Ramin S. Herati |
| authorships[19].countries | US |
| authorships[19].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[19].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 1001, USA |
| authorships[19].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[19].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[19].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[19].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/005dvqh91 |
| authorships[19].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[19].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210086933 |
| authorships[19].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[19].institutions[0].display_name | NYU Langone Health |
| authorships[19].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[19].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[19].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[19].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[19].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[19].institutions[1].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[19].author_position | middle |
| authorships[19].raw_author_name | Ramin S. Herati |
| authorships[19].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[19].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 1001, USA, New York University Langone Vaccine Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA |
| authorships[20].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5083419483 |
| authorships[20].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4843-3791 |
| authorships[20].author.display_name | Sergei B. Koralov |
| authorships[20].countries | US |
| authorships[20].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[20].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 006, USA |
| authorships[20].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[20].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0190ak572 |
| authorships[20].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[20].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| authorships[20].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[20].institutions[0].display_name | New York University |
| authorships[20].author_position | last |
| authorships[20].raw_author_name | Sergei B. Koralov |
| authorships[20].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[20].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 006, USA |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/08/23/2021.04.20.21255677.full.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | green |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | mRNA COVID-19 vaccine elicits potent adaptive immune response without the persistent inflammation seen in SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10118 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| primary_topic.display_name | SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2414729062, https://openalex.org/W1497833379, https://openalex.org/W1964266791, https://openalex.org/W4313313459, https://openalex.org/W2040631670, https://openalex.org/W2049624095, https://openalex.org/W2110968275, https://openalex.org/W2004466917, https://openalex.org/W1566368246, https://openalex.org/W2067905789 |
| cited_by_count | 29 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 9 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 13 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 4 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402567 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | |
| best_oa_location.source.type | repository |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | False |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/08/23/2021.04.20.21255677.full.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | False |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306402567 |
| primary_location.source.issn | |
| primary_location.source.type | repository |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | |
| primary_location.source.is_core | False |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I2750212522 |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2023/08/23/2021.04.20.21255677.full.pdf |
| primary_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | False |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.21255677 |
| publication_date | 2021-04-21 |
| publication_year | 2021 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W4207035960, https://openalex.org/W4200022103, https://openalex.org/W2907514116, https://openalex.org/W3186153681, https://openalex.org/W2131681506, https://openalex.org/W2100081088, https://openalex.org/W2323326409, https://openalex.org/W3034873991, https://openalex.org/W3035689457, https://openalex.org/W3113366859, https://openalex.org/W3046194290, https://openalex.org/W3123561898, https://openalex.org/W3121008609, https://openalex.org/W4283723170, https://openalex.org/W3182882252, https://openalex.org/W3035618713, https://openalex.org/W4211015794, https://openalex.org/W1972272040, https://openalex.org/W3129866267, https://openalex.org/W3165367963, https://openalex.org/W4226055319, https://openalex.org/W2047269521, https://openalex.org/W3186933140, https://openalex.org/W3041960835, https://openalex.org/W2018239119, https://openalex.org/W3114686513, https://openalex.org/W2159707944, https://openalex.org/W3117072390, https://openalex.org/W3114392846, https://openalex.org/W4282832147, https://openalex.org/W1995997868, https://openalex.org/W4224261206, https://openalex.org/W2038873256, https://openalex.org/W3110839708, https://openalex.org/W3082102108, https://openalex.org/W3153532550, https://openalex.org/W3049048202, https://openalex.org/W3119696066, https://openalex.org/W1978016270, https://openalex.org/W4200041575, https://openalex.org/W2728001589, https://openalex.org/W3109969518, https://openalex.org/W4220978613, https://openalex.org/W2214074259, https://openalex.org/W3126460810, https://openalex.org/W4290774080, https://openalex.org/W4220872606, https://openalex.org/W4307839778, https://openalex.org/W3041494167, https://openalex.org/W2889326414, https://openalex.org/W2091129202, https://openalex.org/W3090209951, https://openalex.org/W3145635506, https://openalex.org/W2939422961, https://openalex.org/W4281944944, https://openalex.org/W4210792795, https://openalex.org/W4284887952, https://openalex.org/W3081530068, https://openalex.org/W3204612920, https://openalex.org/W2581830478, https://openalex.org/W3036386821, https://openalex.org/W2967918238, https://openalex.org/W3098231009, https://openalex.org/W4311611813, https://openalex.org/W3090011190, https://openalex.org/W3026999446, https://openalex.org/W3153732845, https://openalex.org/W2739492614, https://openalex.org/W2785085486, https://openalex.org/W2949177718, https://openalex.org/W4226068654, https://openalex.org/W2589191322, https://openalex.org/W3141986261, https://openalex.org/W3118121970, https://openalex.org/W3177181935, https://openalex.org/W3137623173, https://openalex.org/W3034858522, https://openalex.org/W3034168389, https://openalex.org/W3035888781, https://openalex.org/W2029525307, https://openalex.org/W3047582721, https://openalex.org/W3048884493, https://openalex.org/W3094282922, https://openalex.org/W3121906900, https://openalex.org/W3139074260, https://openalex.org/W2898273151, https://openalex.org/W3114973927, https://openalex.org/W3044914269, https://openalex.org/W3020655115, https://openalex.org/W3126729284, https://openalex.org/W2952958102, https://openalex.org/W3086786425, https://openalex.org/W3108193091, https://openalex.org/W3084228540, https://openalex.org/W3112860625, https://openalex.org/W3134099704, https://openalex.org/W1983042430, https://openalex.org/W2006738527, https://openalex.org/W3042587425, https://openalex.org/W2565862162, https://openalex.org/W3099768174, https://openalex.org/W2108671666, https://openalex.org/W2519084386, https://openalex.org/W2558730779, https://openalex.org/W3109063130, https://openalex.org/W2946450286, https://openalex.org/W2144206275, https://openalex.org/W2148437680, https://openalex.org/W2024524568, https://openalex.org/W3027002382, https://openalex.org/W194142567, https://openalex.org/W3146894320, https://openalex.org/W2088901705, https://openalex.org/W2786672974, https://openalex.org/W3138469897, https://openalex.org/W2953645244, https://openalex.org/W3126730711, https://openalex.org/W3182696180, https://openalex.org/W3112389805, https://openalex.org/W2582743722, https://openalex.org/W3129956633, https://openalex.org/W3103127508, https://openalex.org/W3128918508, https://openalex.org/W3091443388, https://openalex.org/W3023982717, https://openalex.org/W3128750441, https://openalex.org/W3042183476, https://openalex.org/W2588137025, https://openalex.org/W3135839777, https://openalex.org/W2273547594, https://openalex.org/W3035343971, https://openalex.org/W2018337150, https://openalex.org/W3120949491, https://openalex.org/W3034425032, https://openalex.org/W3099896934, https://openalex.org/W3098118792, https://openalex.org/W3088256443, https://openalex.org/W2171953655, https://openalex.org/W2026362729, https://openalex.org/W3034680516, https://openalex.org/W2963921919, https://openalex.org/W3092762305, https://openalex.org/W2018339091, https://openalex.org/W3011537081, https://openalex.org/W3130984893, https://openalex.org/W2052046406, https://openalex.org/W2017219476, https://openalex.org/W3184535585, https://openalex.org/W1565555821, https://openalex.org/W3039572263, https://openalex.org/W3117285812 |
| referenced_works_count | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.B | 84, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.T | 86, 119, 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.To | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 62, 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 71, 78, 97, 112, 124, 140, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 17, 20, 26, 83, 94, 133, 148, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 44, 151, 171, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.us | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.B/T | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Our | 9, 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 3, 25, 30, 37, 47, 66, 85, 128, 158, 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 163, 173, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 33, 45, 92, 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 105, 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cell | 55, 87, 120, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gene | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.host | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mRNA | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.more | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.only | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 76, 100, 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 22, 53, 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.αβ | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.These | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acute | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.after | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.blood | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells | 111, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.first | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that, | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.virus | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 91, 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.γδT | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.absent | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.before | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells, | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clonal | 95, 103, 117, 134, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.elicit | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immune | 7, 42, 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.larger | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.memory | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potent | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.versus | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.allowed | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coupled | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dataset | 16, 144, 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enables | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evident | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.healthy | 27, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.include | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.samples | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccine | 36, 48, 72, 113, 129, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Analysis | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.COVID-19 | 24, 59, 98, 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analyses | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.booster. | 38, 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cohorts. | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dataset. | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.datasets | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dramatic | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effector | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhanced | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 75, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infected | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.majority | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observed | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patients | 21, 60, 99, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pre/post | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.presents | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.publicly | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.receptor | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.revealed | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validate | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.available | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cytotoxic | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.displayed | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expansion | 104, 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.infection | 2, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profiling | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.receiving | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses | 43, 121, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.signature | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validated | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2 | 1, 34, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interferon | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.knowledge, | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multimodal | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.peripheral | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profiling, | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.repertoire | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses. | 8, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.volunteers | 28, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Integrating | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.circulating | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comparative | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.independent | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lymphocytes | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recipients, | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recipients. | 73, 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.repertoires | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.single-cell | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccination | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Furthermore, | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individuals. | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.longitudinal | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccination, | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprehensive | 13, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.upregulation, | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reconstruction. | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transcriptional | 50 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 91 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5026122878, https://openalex.org/A5083419483, https://openalex.org/A5028046240 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 21 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210086933, https://openalex.org/I57206974 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8100000023841858 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.88392086 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |