MRSA: A High-Efficiency Multi ROMix Scrypt Accelerator for Cryptocurrency Mining and Data Security Article Swipe
Vu Trung Duong Le
,
Thi Hong Tran
,
Hoai Luan Pham
,
Duc Khai Lam
,
Yasuhiko Nakashima
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3131558
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3131558
The development of low-energy, high-performance hardware for cryptocurrency mining is gaining widespread attention. The mining process for proof-of-work (PoW) in conventional cryptocurrencies’ blockchains is increasingly being replaced by application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). This leads to many security threats for the blockchain network because it decreases security and increases power consumption for mining. Therefore, Scrypt, the most representative ASIC-resistant algorithm, was developed to solve this problem. However, there are still some problems and challenges with the current Scrypt hardware. This article presents a new hardware architecture for the Scrypt algorithm intended for a PoW-based cryptocurrency mining system. The proposed Multi ROMix Scrypt Accelerator (MRSA) hardware architecture applies several optimization techniques: configuration, local-memory computing with high-performance pipelined Multi ROMix and rescheduling resources to significantly increase processing speed, flexibility, and energy efficiency. For evaluation, the MRSA is implemented on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to examine its actual performance, consumption, and correctness. Evaluation results on a Xilinx system-on-chip (SoC) with the ALVEO U280 Data Center Accelerator Card FPGA show that the MRSA is much more power-efficient than some of the most powerful commercial CPUs, GPUs, and other FPGA implementations. On the ALVEO U280, the MRSA achieves a maximum hash rate of 296.76 kHash/s, a throughput of 304.9 Mbps when reaching a maximum frequency of 259.94 MHz, and a power consumption of 18.12W. The energy efficiency of the MRSA on the ALVEO U280 SoC is 52.83 and 867.88 times higher than those on an RTX 3090 GPU and an i9-10940X CPU, respectively.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3131558
- https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09631222.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 10
- References
- 36
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3214958543
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W3214958543Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3131558Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
MRSA: A High-Efficiency Multi ROMix Scrypt Accelerator for Cryptocurrency Mining and Data SecurityWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-01-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Vu Trung Duong Le, Thi Hong Tran, Hoai Luan Pham, Duc Khai Lam, Yasuhiko NakashimaList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3131558Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09631222.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/09631222.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Computer science, Field-programmable gate array, Cryptocurrency, Embedded system, Energy consumption, Application-specific integrated circuit, Efficient energy use, Hash function, Throughput, Computer hardware, Operating system, Wireless, Engineering, Computer security, Electrical engineeringTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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10Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2025: 2, 2024: 4, 2023: 1, 2022: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
36Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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