Multi-material multi-photon 3D laser micro- and nanoprinting Article Swipe
Liang Yang
,
Frederik Mayer
,
Uwe H. F. Bunz
,
Eva Blasco
,
Martin Wegener
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2021.017
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2021.017
Three-dimensional (3D) laser micro- and nanoprinting based upon multi-photon absorption has made its way from early scientific discovery to industrial manufacturing processes, e.g., for advanced microoptical components. However, so far, most realized 3D architectures are composed of only a single polymeric material. Here, we review 3D printing of multi-materials on the nano- and microscale. We start with material properties that have been realized, using multi-photon photoresists. Printed materials include bulk polymers, conductive polymers, metals, nanoporous polymers, silica glass, chalcogenide glasses, inorganic single crystals, natural polymers, stimuli-responsive materials, and polymer composites. Next, we review manual and automated processes achieving dissimilar material properties in a single 3D structure by sequentially photo-exposing multiple photoresists as 3D analogs of 2D multicolor printing. Instructive examples from biology, optics, mechanics, and electronics are discussed. An emerging approach – without counterpart in 2D graphical printing – prints 3D structures combining dissimilar material properties in one 3D structure by using only a single photoresist. A controlled stimulus applied during the 3D printing process defines and determines material properties on the voxel level. Change of laser power and/or wavelength, or application of quasi-static electric fields allow for the seamless manipulation of desired materials properties.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2021.017
- OA Status
- diamond
- Cited By
- 90
- References
- 154
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- 10
- OpenAlex ID
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All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W3177292372Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2021.017Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Multi-material multi-photon 3D laser micro- and nanoprintingWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
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2021-01-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Liang Yang, Frederik Mayer, Uwe H. F. Bunz, Eva Blasco, Martin WegenerList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2021.017Publisher landing page
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
diamondOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2021.017Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Microscale chemistry, Materials science, 3D printing, Photoresist, Nanotechnology, Polymer, Laser, Nanoporous, Lithography, Optoelectronics, Composite material, Optics, Layer (electronics), Mathematics, Physics, Mathematics educationTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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90Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 10, 2024: 27, 2023: 33, 2022: 13, 2021: 7Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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154Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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