Multi-Objective Optimization Strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Combined Surrogate Model and Optimization Algorithm Article Swipe
Yinquan Yu
,
Yue Pan
,
Qiping Chen
,
Yiming Hu
,
Jian Gao
,
Zhao Zhao
,
Shuangxia Niu
,
Shaowei Zhou
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630
When a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is designed according to the traditional motor design theory, the performance of the motor is often challenging to achieve the desired goal, and further optimization of the motor design parameters is usually required. However, the motor is a strongly coupled, non-linear, multivariate complex system, and it is a challenge to optimize the motor by traditional optimization methods. It needs to rely on reliable surrogate models and optimization algorithms to improve the performance of the PMSM, which is one of the problematic aspects of motor optimization. Therefore, this paper proposes a strategy based on a combination of a high-precision combined surrogate model and the optimization method to optimize the stator and rotor structures of interior PMSM (IPMSM). First, the variables were classified into two layers with high and low sensitivity based on the comprehensive parameter sensitivity analysis. Then, Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) is used to obtain sample points for highly sensitive variables, and various methods are employed to construct surrogate models for variables. Each optimization target is based on the acquired sample points, from which the most accurate combined surrogate model is selected and combined with non-dominated ranking genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) to find the best. After optimizing the high-sensitivity variables, a new finite element model (FEM) is built, and the Taguchi method is used to optimize the low-sensitivity variables. Finally, finite element analysis (FEA) was adopted to compare the performance of the initial model and the optimized ones of the IPMSM. The results showed that the performance of the optimized motor is improved to prove the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method.
Related Topics
Concepts
Latin hypercube sampling
Sensitivity (control systems)
Surrogate model
Taguchi methods
Computer science
Finite element method
Rotor (electric)
Stator
Control theory (sociology)
Synchronous motor
Permanent magnet synchronous motor
Mathematical optimization
Engineering
Mathematics
Artificial intelligence
Machine learning
Electronic engineering
Structural engineering
Monte Carlo method
Electrical engineering
Mechanical engineering
Control (management)
Statistics
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630
- https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1630/pdf?version=1676540383
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 16
- References
- 30
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4319441373
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4319441373Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Multi-Objective Optimization Strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Combined Surrogate Model and Optimization AlgorithmWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-02-06Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Yinquan Yu, Yue Pan, Qiping Chen, Yiming Hu, Jian Gao, Zhao Zhao, Shuangxia Niu, Shaowei ZhouList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1630/pdf?version=1676540383Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1630/pdf?version=1676540383Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Latin hypercube sampling, Sensitivity (control systems), Surrogate model, Taguchi methods, Computer science, Finite element method, Rotor (electric), Stator, Control theory (sociology), Synchronous motor, Permanent magnet synchronous motor, Mathematical optimization, Engineering, Mathematics, Artificial intelligence, Machine learning, Electronic engineering, Structural engineering, Monte Carlo method, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, Control (management), StatisticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
16Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 11, 2024: 4, 2023: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
30Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4319441373 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4319441373 |
| fwci | 2.65414237 |
| type | article |
| title | Multi-Objective Optimization Strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Combined Surrogate Model and Optimization Algorithm |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G2215852261 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320321001 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | 52067006 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | National Natural Science Foundation of China |
| biblio.issue | 4 |
| biblio.volume | 16 |
| biblio.last_page | 1630 |
| biblio.first_page | 1630 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10278 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[0].score | 0.9994999766349792 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| topics[0].display_name | Electric Motor Design and Analysis |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10848 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/17 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Computer Science |
| topics[1].score | 0.965399980545044 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1703 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Computational Theory and Mathematics |
| topics[1].display_name | Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T12169 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9402999877929688 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2210 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Mechanical Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Non-Destructive Testing Techniques |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320321001 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/01h0zpd94 |
| funders[0].display_name | National Natural Science Foundation of China |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2200 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2382 |
| apc_paid.value | 2200 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2382 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C20820323 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7185915112495422 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6496514 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Latin hypercube sampling |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C21200559 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7166380882263184 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Sensitivity (control systems) |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C131675550 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.649080216884613 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7646884 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Surrogate model |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C83469408 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5901210308074951 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2036525 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Taguchi methods |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[4].level | 0 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5693619251251221 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C135628077 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5436569452285767 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Finite element method |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C17281054 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5383701324462891 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Rotor (electric) |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C2776529397 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.5359846353530884 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190312 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Stator |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C47446073 |
| concepts[8].level | 3 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4803508520126343 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Control theory (sociology) |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C71376005 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.45168453454971313 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845675 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Synchronous motor |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C2986944758 |
| concepts[10].level | 3 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.42887380719184875 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845675 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C126255220 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.36016637086868286 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Mathematical optimization |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[12].level | 0 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.2916656732559204 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.17200744152069092 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Mathematics |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C154945302 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.12930825352668762 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C119857082 |
| concepts[15].level | 1 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.10811322927474976 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Machine learning |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C24326235 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.08082699775695801 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Electronic engineering |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C66938386 |
| concepts[17].level | 1 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Structural engineering |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C19499675 |
| concepts[18].level | 2 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Monte Carlo method |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C119599485 |
| concepts[19].level | 1 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Electrical engineering |
| concepts[20].id | https://openalex.org/C78519656 |
| concepts[20].level | 1 |
| concepts[20].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[20].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333 |
| concepts[20].display_name | Mechanical engineering |
| concepts[21].id | https://openalex.org/C2775924081 |
| concepts[21].level | 2 |
| concepts[21].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[21].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371 |
| concepts[21].display_name | Control (management) |
| concepts[22].id | https://openalex.org/C105795698 |
| concepts[22].level | 1 |
| concepts[22].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[22].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483 |
| concepts[22].display_name | Statistics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/latin-hypercube-sampling |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7185915112495422 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Latin hypercube sampling |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7166380882263184 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Sensitivity (control systems) |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/surrogate-model |
| keywords[2].score | 0.649080216884613 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Surrogate model |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/taguchi-methods |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5901210308074951 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Taguchi methods |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5693619251251221 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5436569452285767 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Finite element method |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5383701324462891 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Rotor (electric) |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/stator |
| keywords[7].score | 0.5359846353530884 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Stator |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4803508520126343 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Control theory (sociology) |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-motor |
| keywords[9].score | 0.45168453454971313 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Synchronous motor |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor |
| keywords[10].score | 0.42887380719184875 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization |
| keywords[11].score | 0.36016637086868286 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Mathematical optimization |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[12].score | 0.2916656732559204 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics |
| keywords[13].score | 0.17200744152069092 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Mathematics |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence |
| keywords[14].score | 0.12930825352668762 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning |
| keywords[15].score | 0.10811322927474976 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Machine learning |
| keywords[16].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering |
| keywords[16].score | 0.08082699775695801 |
| keywords[16].display_name | Electronic engineering |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/en16041630 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S198098182 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1996-1073 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1996-1073 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Energies |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1630/pdf?version=1676540383 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Energies |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e706be909f2649a3a85f581defb68ebd |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Energies, Vol 16, Iss 4, p 1630 (2023) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/e706be909f2649a3a85f581defb68ebd |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/105352 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400205 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I14243506 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | Hong Kong Polytechnic University |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I14243506 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Journal/Magazine Article |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | http://hdl.handle.net/10397/105352 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1996-1073/16/4/1630/ |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400947 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | MDPI (MDPI AG) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].license | cc-by |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | Energies |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041630 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5102105324 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Yinquan Yu |
| authorships[0].countries | CN |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment of Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[0].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Precision Machining and Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05x2f1m38 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | East China Jiaotong University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Yinquan Yu |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Precision Machining and Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China, Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment of Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China, School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5005159114 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7424-2753 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Yue Pan |
| authorships[1].countries | CN |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment of Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[1].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Precision Machining and Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05x2f1m38 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | East China Jiaotong University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Yue Pan |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Precision Machining and Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China, Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment of Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China, School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5072096610 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8861-9945 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Qiping Chen |
| authorships[2].countries | CN |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Precision Machining and Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[2].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment of Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05x2f1m38 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | East China Jiaotong University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Qiping Chen |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Precision Machining and Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China, Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment of Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China, School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5070066570 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0159-1477 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Yiming Hu |
| authorships[3].countries | CN |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment of Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[3].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Precision Machining and Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05x2f1m38 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | East China Jiaotong University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Yiming Hu |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Precision Machining and Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China, Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment of Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China, School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5081768167 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1626-9245 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Jian Gao |
| authorships[4].countries | CN |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I16609230 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410006, China |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I16609230 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05htk5m33 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I16609230 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Hunan University |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Jian Gao |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410006, China |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5100358633 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-1913 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Zhao Zhao |
| authorships[5].countries | DE |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I95793202 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I95793202 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00ggpsq73 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I95793202 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Zhao Zhao |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5068246264 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-616X |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Shuangxia Niu |
| authorships[6].countries | HK |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I14243506 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I14243506 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0030zas98 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I14243506 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | HK |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Hong Kong Polytechnic University |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Shuangxia Niu |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5101169335 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Shaowei Zhou |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Corporation Limited, 435 Qingyin Road, Changchun 130062, China |
| authorships[7].author_position | last |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Shaowei Zhou |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Corporation Limited, 435 Qingyin Road, Changchun 130062, China |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1630/pdf?version=1676540383 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Multi-Objective Optimization Strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Combined Surrogate Model and Optimization Algorithm |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10278 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Engineering |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9994999766349792 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| primary_topic.display_name | Electric Motor Design and Analysis |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2800575077, https://openalex.org/W3194493627, https://openalex.org/W2202349485, https://openalex.org/W1990724965, https://openalex.org/W2335464044, https://openalex.org/W1844248225, https://openalex.org/W3042131354, https://openalex.org/W2895946267, https://openalex.org/W2124966609, https://openalex.org/W1974440607 |
| cited_by_count | 16 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 11 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/en16041630 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S198098182 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1996-1073 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1996-1073 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Energies |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1630/pdf?version=1676540383 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Energies |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/en16041630 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S198098182 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1996-1073 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1996-1073 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Energies |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1630/pdf?version=1676540383 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Energies |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041630 |
| publication_date | 2023-02-06 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W6759751777, https://openalex.org/W3157462940, https://openalex.org/W3178586033, https://openalex.org/W6702104701, https://openalex.org/W4206992455, https://openalex.org/W6744062770, https://openalex.org/W2890846666, https://openalex.org/W3087850436, https://openalex.org/W6753683221, https://openalex.org/W3093790675, https://openalex.org/W3017549910, https://openalex.org/W3152936574, https://openalex.org/W2769218826, https://openalex.org/W2999650510, https://openalex.org/W2997480471, https://openalex.org/W6732093247, https://openalex.org/W3004591037, https://openalex.org/W3118442949, https://openalex.org/W6717922867, https://openalex.org/W2902327420, https://openalex.org/W2809945983, https://openalex.org/W6745219663, https://openalex.org/W1576825000, https://openalex.org/W2432797131, https://openalex.org/W2920318608, https://openalex.org/W2749792445, https://openalex.org/W2753160385, https://openalex.org/W4235071564, https://openalex.org/W2887647205, https://openalex.org/W2762946833 |
| referenced_works_count | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 1, 44, 54, 96, 100, 103, 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.It | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 7, 21, 37, 43, 53, 83, 148, 172, 187, 212, 218, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.it | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 18, 32, 79, 85, 89, 102, 119, 236, 244, 253, 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 68, 99, 137, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 10, 24, 56, 66, 75, 112, 150, 163, 197, 220, 232, 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 29, 51, 72, 108, 116, 133, 158, 189, 214, 240, 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 154, 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.new | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 11, 16, 19, 26, 33, 41, 58, 77, 80, 86, 109, 114, 124, 138, 175, 181, 199, 203, 215, 222, 234, 237, 241, 245, 251, 254, 261, 266 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Each | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PMSM | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.When | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.find | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ones | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rely | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 149, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 131, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(FEA) | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(FEM) | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(LHS) | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.After | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Latin | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PMSM, | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Then, | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.based | 98, 136, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.best. | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.goal, | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 107, 186, 210, 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.motor | 5, 13, 20, 34, 42, 59, 90, 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.needs | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.often | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.paper | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prove | 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rotor | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 82, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(PMSM) | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.First, | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IPMSM. | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.built, | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.design | 14, 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.finite | 208, 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highly | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.layers | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.magnet | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method | 111, 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 71, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.obtain | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.points | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sample | 152, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stator | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.target | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Taguchi | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.achieve | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adopted | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aspects | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compare | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.desired | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.element | 209, 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.further | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.genetic | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improve | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.initial | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method. | 268 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.points, | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ranking | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system, | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.theory, | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.usually | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.various | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(IPMSM). | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Finally, | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accurate | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acquired | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combined | 105, 184, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coupled, | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.designed | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.employed | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improved | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interior | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods. | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimize | 57, 113, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proposed | 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proposes | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reliable | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sampling | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.selected | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strategy | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strongly | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(NSGA-II) | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.according | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis. | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenge | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.construct | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hypercube | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimized | 242, 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parameter | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.permanent | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.required. | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sensitive | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surrogate | 70, 106, 165, 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variables | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Therefore, | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.algorithms | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.classified | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimizing | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parameters | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structures | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variables, | 157, 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variables. | 168, 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenging | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combination | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.non-linear, | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 17, 78, 235, 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.problematic | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reliability | 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sensitivity | 135, 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synchronous | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.traditional | 12, 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.algorithm-II | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multivariate | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimization | 31, 62, 73, 110, 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprehensive | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effectiveness | 262 |
| abstract_inverted_index.non-dominated | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimization. | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high-precision | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low-sensitivity | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high-sensitivity | 204 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5102105324 |
| countries_distinct_count | 3 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 8 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I13985625 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.6200000047683716 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Affordable and clean energy |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.89252822 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |