This study presents the first implementation of multilayer neural networks on a memristor/complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS)‐integrated system‐on‐chip (SoC) to simultaneously detect multiple diseases. To overcome limitations in medical data, generative artificial intelligence techniques are used to enhance the dataset, improving the classifier's robustness and diversity. The system achieves notable performance with low latency, high accuracy (91.82%), and energy efficiency, facilitated by end‐to‐end ex…