Myths around quantum computation before full fault tolerance: What no-go theorems rule out and what they don't Article Swipe

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Zoltán Zimborás , Bálint Koczor , Zoë Holmes , Elsi-Mari Borrelli , András Gilyén , Hsin-Yuan Huang , Zhenyu Cai , Antonio Acín , Leandro Aolita , Leonardo Banchi , Fernando G. S. L. Brandão , Daniel Cavalcanti , Toby S. Cubitt , Sergey N. Filippov , Guillermo García-Pérez , John Goold , Orsolya Kálmán , Elica Kyoseva , Matteo A. C. Rossi , Boris Sokolov , Ivano Tavernelli , Sabrina Maniscalco ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.05694

In this perspective article, we revisit and critically evaluate prevailing viewpoints on the capabilities and limitations of near-term quantum computing and its potential transition toward fully fault-tolerant quantum computing. We examine theoretical no-go results and their implications, addressing misconceptions about the practicality of quantum error mitigation techniques and variational quantum algorithms. By emphasizing the nuances of error scaling, circuit depth, and algorithmic feasibility, we highlight viable near-term applications and synergies between error mitigation and early fault-tolerant architectures. Our discussion explores strategies for addressing current challenges, such as barren plateaus in variational circuits and the integration of quantum error mitigation and quantum error correction techniques. We aim to underscore the importance of continued innovation in hardware and algorithmic design to bridge the gap between theoretical potential and practical utility, paving the way for meaningful quantum advantage in the era of late noisy intermediate scale and early fault-tolerant quantum devices.

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Mythology Computation Computer science Quantum computer Fault tolerance Quantum Algorithm Physics Distributed computing Quantum mechanics Philosophy Theology

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Type: preprint
Language: en
Landing Page: http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.05694
PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.05694
OA Status: green
Cited By: 5
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4406317114

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.05694

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Title: Myths around quantum computation before full fault tolerance: What no-go theorems rule out and what they don't

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Type: preprint

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Language: en

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Publication year: 2025

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Publication date: 2025-01-10

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Authors: Zoltán Zimborás, Bálint Koczor, Zoë Holmes, Elsi-Mari Borrelli, András Gilyén, Hsin-Yuan Huang, Zhenyu Cai, Antonio Acín, Leandro Aolita, Leonardo Banchi, Fernando G. S. L. Brandão, Daniel Cavalcanti, Toby S. Cubitt, Sergey N. Filippov, Guillermo García-Pérez, John Goold, Orsolya Kálmán, Elica Kyoseva, Matteo A. C. Rossi, Boris Sokolov, Ivano Tavernelli, Sabrina Maniscalco

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Concepts: Mythology, Computation, Computer science, Quantum computer, Fault tolerance, Quantum, Algorithm, Physics, Distributed computing, Quantum mechanics, Philosophy, Theology

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Cited by: 5

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abstract_inverted_index.examine	30
abstract_inverted_index.nuances	54
abstract_inverted_index.quantum	18, 27, 43, 49, 96, 100, 133, 146
abstract_inverted_index.results	33
abstract_inverted_index.revisit	5
abstract_inverted_index.article,	3
abstract_inverted_index.circuits	91
abstract_inverted_index.devices.	147
abstract_inverted_index.evaluate	8
abstract_inverted_index.explores	79
abstract_inverted_index.hardware	114
abstract_inverted_index.plateaus	88
abstract_inverted_index.scaling,	57
abstract_inverted_index.utility,	127
abstract_inverted_index.advantage	134
abstract_inverted_index.computing	19
abstract_inverted_index.continued	111
abstract_inverted_index.highlight	64
abstract_inverted_index.near-term	17, 66
abstract_inverted_index.potential	22, 124
abstract_inverted_index.practical	126
abstract_inverted_index.synergies	69
abstract_inverted_index.addressing	37, 82
abstract_inverted_index.computing.	28
abstract_inverted_index.correction	102
abstract_inverted_index.critically	7
abstract_inverted_index.discussion	78
abstract_inverted_index.importance	109
abstract_inverted_index.innovation	112
abstract_inverted_index.meaningful	132
abstract_inverted_index.mitigation	45, 72, 98
abstract_inverted_index.prevailing	9
abstract_inverted_index.strategies	80
abstract_inverted_index.techniques	46
abstract_inverted_index.transition	23
abstract_inverted_index.underscore	107
abstract_inverted_index.viewpoints	10
abstract_inverted_index.algorithmic	61, 116
abstract_inverted_index.algorithms.	50
abstract_inverted_index.challenges,	84
abstract_inverted_index.emphasizing	52
abstract_inverted_index.integration	94
abstract_inverted_index.limitations	15
abstract_inverted_index.perspective	2
abstract_inverted_index.techniques.	103
abstract_inverted_index.theoretical	31, 123
abstract_inverted_index.variational	48, 90
abstract_inverted_index.applications	67
abstract_inverted_index.capabilities	13
abstract_inverted_index.feasibility,	62
abstract_inverted_index.intermediate	141
abstract_inverted_index.practicality	41
abstract_inverted_index.implications,	36
abstract_inverted_index.architectures.	76
abstract_inverted_index.fault-tolerant	26, 75, 145
abstract_inverted_index.misconceptions	38
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	22
citation_normalized_percentile