Nanoconfined superionic water is a molecular superionic Article Swipe

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Samuel W. Coles , Amir Hajibabaei , Venkat Kapil , Xavier R. Advincula , Christoph Schran , Stephen J. Cox , Angelos Michaelides ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2505.14171

Superionic ice, where water molecules dissociate into a lattice of oxygen ions and a rapidly diffusing 'gas' of protons, represents an exotic state of matter with broad implications for planetary interiors and energy applications. Recently, a nanoconfined superionic state of water has been predicted which, in sharp contrast to bulk ice, is comprised of intact water molecules. Here, we apply machine learning and electronic structure simulations to establish how nanoconfined water can be both molecular and superionic. We also explore what insights this material offers for superionic materials and behavior more generally. Similar to bulk ice and other superionic materials, nanoconfined water conducts via concerted chain-like proton migrations which cause the rapid propagation of defects. However, unlike other molecular phases of water, its exceptional conductivity arises from the activation of the Grotthuss mechanism by (i) low barriers to proton transfer and (ii) a flexible hydrogen-bonded network. We propose that these are two key characteristics of fast ionic conduction in molecular superionics. The insights obtained here establish design principles for the discovery of other molecular superionic materials, with potential applications in energy storage and beyond.

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Type: preprint
Language: en
Landing Page: http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.14171
PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.14171
OA Status: green
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4415021919

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OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4415021919

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2505.14171

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Title: Nanoconfined superionic water is a molecular superionic

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Type: preprint

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Language: en

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Publication year: 2025

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Publication date: 2025-05-20

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Authors: Samuel W. Coles, Amir Hajibabaei, Venkat Kapil, Xavier R. Advincula, Christoph Schran, Stephen J. Cox, Angelos Michaelides

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Landing page: https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.14171

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PDF URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.14171

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Open access: Yes

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OA URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.14171

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Cited by: 0

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