Need for cognition moderates the relief of avoiding cognitive effort Article Swipe
Davide Gheza
,
Wouter Kool
,
Gilles Pourtois
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287954
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287954
When making decisions, humans aim to maximize rewards while minimizing costs. The exertion of mental or physical effort has been proposed to be one those costs, translating into avoidance of behaviors carrying effort demands. This motivational framework also predicts that people should experience positive affect when anticipating demand that is subsequently avoided (i.e., a “relief effect”), but evidence for this prediction is scarce. Here, we follow up on a previous study [1] that provided some initial evidence that people more positively evaluated outcomes if it meant they could avoid performing an additional demanding task. However, the results from this study did not provide conclusive evidence that this effect was driven by effort avoidance. Here, we report two experiments that are able to do this. Participants performed a gambling task, and if they did not receive reward they would have to perform an orthogonal effort task. Prior to the gamble, a cue indicated whether this effort task would be easy or hard. We probed hedonic responses to the reward-related feedback, as well as after the subsequent effort task feedback. Participants reported lower hedonic responses for no-reward outcomes when high vs. low effort was anticipated (and later exerted). They also reported higher hedonic responses for reward outcomes when high vs. low effort was anticipated (and avoided). Importantly, this relief effect was smaller in participants with high need for cognition. These results suggest that avoidance of high effort tasks is rewarding, but that the size off this effect depends on the individual disposition to engage with and expend cognitive effort. They also raise the important question of whether this disposition alters the cost of effort per se, or rather offset this cost during cost-benefit analyses.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287954
- https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0287954&type=printable
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 9
- References
- 69
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4388727400
All OpenAlex metadata
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- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4388727400Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287954Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Need for cognition moderates the relief of avoiding cognitive effortWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2023Year of publication
- Publication date
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2023-11-16Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Davide Gheza, Wouter Kool, Gilles PourtoisList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287954Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0287954&type=printableDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0287954&type=printableDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Task (project management), Affect (linguistics), Cognition, Psychology, Cognitive psychology, Mental effort, Social psychology, Psychiatry, Management, Communication, EconomicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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9Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 6, 2024: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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69Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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